I-Argentina, igama eligcwele leRiphabhlikhi yase-Argentina, enendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele ayizigidi ezingama-2.78, iyizwe lesibili ngobukhulu eLatin America, elilandelwa yiBrazil kuphela. Itholakala engxenyeni eseningizimu-mpumalanga yeNingizimu Melika, i-Atlantic Ocean empumalanga, i-Antarctica eningizimu enqamula ulwandle, iChile ngasentshonalanga, iBolivia neParaguay ngasenyakatho, neBrazil ne-Uruguay ngasenyakatho-mpumalanga. Indawo incane kancane futhi iyisicaba ukusuka entshonalanga kuye empumalanga. Intshonalanga iyisifunda esinezintaba esilawulwa yimithambo egingqikayo nama-Andes amakhulu, alinganiselwa ku-30% wendawo yezwe; izindawo ezinotshani zasePampas empumalanga nasenkabeni yizindawo ezidumile zezolimo kanye nezokwelusa; inyakatho ikakhulu yiGran Chaco Plain, ixhaphozi , Ehlathini; eningizimu yithafa lasePatagonian. Izintaba ezinkulu yi-Ojos de Salado, Mejicana, ne-Aconcagua ngamamitha ayi-6 964 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, okungumqhele weziqongo eziyizinkulungwane eziyishumi eNingizimu Melika. UMfula iParana unamakhilomitha angama-4,700 ubude, okwenza umfula wesibili ngobukhulu eNingizimu Melika. Amachibi amakhulu yiLake Chiquita, iLake Argentino neChibi iViedma. Isimo sezulu sishisa kakhulu enyakatho, sinezindawo ezishisayo eziphakathi nendawo, futhi sipholile eningizimu. I-Umahuaca Canyon edumile yake yaba yisiteshi lapho isiko lasendulo lama-Inca lasabalala khona laya e-Argentina, elaziwa ngokuthi yi "Inca Road".

Izwe lihlukaniswe izingxenye ezingama-24 zokuphatha. Iqukethe izifundazwe ezingama-22, isifunda esingu-1 (isifunda sokuphatha saseTierra del Fuego) kanye nenhlokodolobha yenhlangano (iBuenos Aires).

AmaNdiya ayephila ngaphambi kwekhulu le-16. Ngo-1535 iSpain yasungula inqaba yamakoloni eLa Plata. Ngo-1776, iSpain yasungula iGavumenti yaseLa Plata neBuenos Aires njengenhloko-dolobha. Ukuzimela kwamenyezelwa ngoJulayi 9, 1816. Umthethosisekelo wokuqala wakhiwa ngo-1853 kwathi iFederal Republic yasungulwa. UBartolome Miter waba ngumongameli ngonyaka we-1862, waqeda ukwahlukana isikhathi eside nezinxushunxushu ngemuva kwenkululeko.

Ifulegi likazwelonke: Lingunxande, isilinganiso sobude nobubanzi simayelana no-5: 3. Kusuka phezulu kuye ezansi, iqukethe onxande abathathu abavundlile abavundlile bokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okumhlophe nokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Maphakathi nonxande omhlophe yindilinga "yelanga ngoMeyi." Ilanga ngokwalo lifana nobuso bomuntu futhi liyisibonelo sohlamvu lwemali lokuqala olukhishwe yi-Argentina.Kunemisebe yokukhanya engama-32 eqondile nayiqondile esatshalaliswa ngokulingana eceleni komjikelezo welanga. Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okhanyayo ufanekisela ubulungiswa, umhlophe ufanekisela ukholo, ubumsulwa, ubuqotho nokuhlonipheka; "ilanga langomeyi" lifanekisela inkululeko nokusa.

I-Argentina inabantu abayizigidi ezingama-36.26 (ukubalwa kwabantu ngo-2001). Phakathi kwabo, ama-95% ngabantu abamhlophe, ikakhulukazi abadabuka e-Italy naseSpain. Abantu baseNdiya bangama-383,100 (imiphumela yokuqala yoBalo Lwabomdabu lwango-2005). Ulimi olusemthethweni iSpanishi. Izakhamizi ezingama-87% zikholelwa kubuKhatholika, kanti ezinye zikholelwa kubuProthestani nezinye izinkolo.

I-Argentina iyizwe laseLatin America elinamandla amakhulu kazwelonke, acebile ngemikhiqizo, isimo sezulu esifanele nomhlaba ovundile. Izigaba zezimboni seziqedile, ikakhulukazi kufaka phakathi insimbi, amandla kagesi, izimoto, uphethiloli, amakhemikhali, izindwangu, imishini nokudla. Inani elikhiphayo lezimboni lenza i-1/3 ye-GDP. Izinga lokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yenuzi liphakathi kwabaphezulu eLatin America futhi manje selinezikhungo zamandla zenuzi ezi-3. Ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi kubalwa phakathi phezulu eLatin America. Imboni yokukhiqiza imishini inezinga elibonakalayo, futhi izindiza zayo zingene emakethe yamazwe omhlaba. Imboni yokucubungula ukudla ithuthuke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kubandakanya ukucubungula inyama, imikhiqizo yobisi, ukucubungula okusanhlamvu, ukucubungula izithelo nokwenza iwayini. I-Azerbaijan ingomunye wabakhiqizi bewayini abaphambili emhlabeni, okukhishwa minyaka yonke ngamalitha ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu. Izinsizakusebenza zamaminerali zifaka uwoyela, igesi yemvelo, amalahle, insimbi, isiliva, i-uranium, umthofu, ithini, i-gypsum, isulfure, njll. Izinqolobane ezifakazelwe: imiphongolo kawoyela eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-2.88, ama-cubic metres ayi-763.5 billion wegesi yemvelo, amathani ayizigidi ezingama-600 wamalahle, amathani ayizigidi ezingama-300 wensimbi, namathani angama-29,400 e-uranium.

Imithombo yamanzi amaningi. Indawo yehlathi ibalelwa ku-1/3 yendawo ephelele yezwe. Izinsiza zokudoba zasogwini zicebile. Ama-55% endawo yezwe angamadlelo, nezolimo ezithuthukisiwe kanye nokufuya, okubalwa ngama-40% wenani eliphelele lomkhiqizo wezolimo nokufuya. Ama-80% emfuyo yezwe agxile kumaPampas. I-Azerbaijan ingumkhiqizi obalulekile futhi othumela ukudla nenyama emhlabeni, futhi yaziwa ngokuthi "idepho yenyama egwadle". Khulisa kakhulu ukolweni, ummbila, ubhontshisi, amabele kanye ne-sunflower. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-Argentina isibe yizwe elikhulu kunabo bonke abavakashi eNingizimu Melika.Izindawo eziyinhloko zabavakashi zifaka iBariloche Scenic Area, Iguazu Falls, Moreno Glacier, njll.

Umdanso omnandi, omuhle, oshisekayo nongavinjelwe uqhamuke e-Argentina futhi uthathwa njengowokuhlala ezweni ngabase-Argentina. Ngesitayela sayo samahhala nesilula, ibhola lase-Afghan lihlasele umhlaba futhi selinqobe imiqhudelwano eminingi yeNdebe Yomhlaba kanye nabagijimayo. Inyama yenkomo eyosiwe yase-Argentina nayo idumile.

IBuenos Aires: Inhlokodolobha yase-Argentina, iBuenos Aires (iBuenos Aires) iyisikhungo sezepolitiki, sezomnotho namasiko e-Argentina futhi ithokozela udumo lwe- "Paris yaseNingizimu Melika". Kusho ukuthi "umoya omuhle" ngeSpanishi. Unqamula uMfula iLa Plata empumalanga nePampas Prairie, “ingqolobane yomhlaba” entshonalanga, enobuhle obuhle nesimo sezulu esihle. Ingamamitha angama-25 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, eningizimu yeTropic of Capricorn, enesimo sezulu esifudumele futhi kungekho iqhwa unyaka wonke. Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nonyaka lingaba ngu-16.6 degrees Celsius. Kunomehluko omncane wokushisa kulezi zikhathi ezine. Imvula emaphakathi yonyaka ingu-950 mm. IBuenos Aires ihlanganisa indawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-200 futhi inabantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezi-3. Uma amadlelo efakiwe, indawo ifinyelela kumakhilomitha-skwele angama-4326 kanti abantu bangabantu abayizigidi ezingama-13.83 (2001).

Ngaphambi kwekhulu le-16, izizwe zamaNdiya zazihlala lapha. NgoJanuwari 1536, ungqongqoshe wenkantolo yaseSpain uPedro de Mendoza wahola umkhankaso wamalungu ayi-1 500 waya echwebeni laseLa Platatine.UWood wayesosebeni olusentshonalanga lomfula futhi wamisa izakhamizi endaweni ephakeme ePampas steppe ogwini olusentshonalanga yomfula. UPoint, waqanjwa ngegama lomvikeli wetilosi "Santa Maria Buenos Aires". IBuenos Aires yathola igama layo. Kwabekwa ngokusemthethweni njengenhloko-dolobha ngo-1880.

I-Cloth City ijabulela idumela le- "Paris eSouth America". Idolobha lidume ngamapaki alo amaningi emigwaqo, izikwele kanye nezikhumbuzo. Egcekeni lePhalamende phambi kweNdlu yePhalamende, kukhona "izikhumbuzo ezimbili zePhalamende" zokukhumbula uMhlangano Womthethosisekelo we-1813 kanye nePhalamende lika-1816. Isifanekiso sethusi esiphatha isixha ngaphezulu kwetshe lesikhumbuzo siwuphawu lweRiphabhulikhi. Ezinye izifanekiso zethusi ezahlukahlukene nezamatshe amhlophe kunzima ukuwina. Izakhiwo ezisemadolobheni zithonywe kakhulu yisiko laseYurophu, futhi kusekhona izakhiwo zesitayela zasendulo zaseSpain nezase-Italy ezivela emakhulwini eminyaka adlule.

I-Bouquet ayisona isikhungo sezepolitiki kuphela e-Argentina, kepha futhi isikhungo sezomnotho, ezobuchwepheshe, amasiko nezokuthutha. Idolobha linamabhizinisi angaphezu kwama-80,000 ezimboni, inani eliphelele lemikhiqizo yezimboni lifaka izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zezwe, futhi lisendaweni ebaluleke kakhulu emnothweni wezwe. Isikhumulo sezindiza sedolobha i-Ezeiza sinemishini esezingeni eliphakeme futhi singafinyelela emazwenikazi amahlanu ngolwandle. Amaphesenti angamashumi amathathu nesishiyagalombili ezimpahla ezithunyelwa ezweni kanye no-59% wezimpahla ezingenisiwe ziyalayishwa futhi zehliswe ethekwini lezindwangu. Kunezitimela eziyi-9 eziholela kuzo zonke izingxenye zezwe. Kunemigwaqo engaphansi komhlaba emi-5 edolobheni.