[Country Profile]

I-Uruguay, igama eligcwele le-Eastern Republic yase-Uruguay, ihlanganisa indawo engamakhilomitha-skwele ayi-177,000. Kutholakala eningizimu-mpumalanga yeNingizimu Melika, osebeni olusempumalanga yemifula i-Uruguay neLa Plata, unqamula iBrazil enyakatho, i-Argentina entshonalanga, ne-Atlantic Ocean ngaseningizimu-mpumalanga. Ugu lolwandle lungamakhilomitha angama-660 ubude. Insimu iyisicaba nokuphakama okuphakathi kwamamitha ayi-116. INingizimu ithafa elingapheli; kunezintaba ezimbalwa eziphansi enyakatho nasempumalanga; iningizimu-ntshonalanga ivundile; iningizimu-mpumalanga ingumhlaba onotshani obunemithambeka eminingi. Izintaba iGrand Cuchilia zanda zisuka eningizimu ziye empumalanga esenyakatho ziye emngceleni weBrazil, amamitha angama-450-600 ngaphezu kolwandle. Umfula i-Uruguay ngumfula wemingcele phakathi kwe-Uruguay ne-Argentina. UMfula iNegro usuka ethafeni laseBrazil, ugeleze udabule phakathi nezwe, ugelezele emfuleni i-Uruguay, ubude obuphelele bube ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-800. INerog Reservoir, esemfuleni iNegro, ingelinye lamachibi amakhulu okufakelwa eNingizimu Melika (cishe amakhilomitha-skwele ayi-10 000 endaweni). Ngesimo sezulu esipholile, i-Uruguay yaziwa ngokuthi "izwe lamadayimane" ngenxa yesimo sayo esifana negugu ne-amethiste ecebile. Ihlobo lisukela kuJanawari kuya kuMashi, amazinga okushisa asukela ku-17 kuye ku-28 ° C, futhi kusuka ngoJulayi kuya kuSepthemba, amazinga okushisa asukela ku-6 kuye ku-14 ° C. Imvula yonyaka inyuka isuka ku-950 mm iya ku-1,250 mm ukusuka eningizimu kuya enyakatho.

I-Uruguay ihlukaniswe izifundazwe eziyi-19.

Ezinsukwini zokuqala ebhange elisempumalanga yoMfula i-Uruguay, amaNdiya aseCharuya ayehlala. Kutholwe wuhambo lwaseSpain ekuqaleni kuka-1516. Ngemuva kuka-1680, bekuyinto yokuncintisana phakathi kwamakoloni aseSpain nawasePutukezi. Ngo-1726, abakoloni baseSpain basungula iMontevideo, futhi i-Uruguay yaba ikoloni laseSpain. Ngo-1776, iSpain yahlanganisa le ndawo yaba ukwethembeka kwaseLa Plata. Ngo-1811, iqhawe lesizwe uJose Artigas wahola abantu empini yenkululeko, kwathi ngo-1815 waphatha yonke indawo. IPortugal yaphinde yahlasela ngo-1816 futhi yahlanganiswa ne-Ukraine yaya eBrazil ngoJulayi 1821. Ngo-Agasti 25, 1825, iqembu labantu abashisekela izwe labo, kuhlanganise noJuan Antonio Lavalleja, labuyisa idolobha laseMontevideo, lamemezela ukuzimela kwe-Uruguay, futhi laqoka u-Agasti 25 njengoSuku Lukazwelonke. Engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu lama-20, umnotho wase-Uzbekistan wawuzinzile futhi umphakathi wawunokuthula.

Ifulegi likazwelonke: Lingunxande elinesilinganiso sobude nobubanzi obungu-3: 2. Yakhiwe yimichilo emihlanu emhlophe ebanzi enobubanzi obulinganayo nemichilo emine eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka exhunywe ngokushintshana.Ikhona elingenhla kwesobunxele lobuso befulegi liyisikwele esimhlophe esine- "May sun" ngaphakathi. I-Uruguay yayijwayele ukwakha izwe ne-Argentina emlandweni, ngakho-ke amafulegi esizwe ala mazwe amabili anombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, omhlophe, kanye ne "May sun"; imigoqo eyisishiyagalolunye ebanzi imele izifunda zezombusazwe eziyisishiyagalolunye ezakha i-republic ngaleso sikhathi; ilanga likhipha imigqa eyisishiyagalombili eqondile nemisebe engama-wavy eyisishiyagalombili. Kukhombisa ukuzimela kwezwe.

I-Uruguay inabantu abayizigidi ezingama-3.38 (2002), okungaphezulu kwabo okungama-90% abamhlophe kanti ama-8% ayizinhlanga ezixubekile zemijaho ye-Indo-European. Ulimi olusemthethweni iSpanishi. Izakhamuzi ezingama-56% zikholelwa kubuKhatholika.

I-Uruguay icebile ngemabula, i-amethiste, i-agathe, i-opalite njalonjalo. Ukufakwa kwamaminerali okufakazelwe njenge-iron ne-manganese. Izinsizakusebenza zamahlathi nezokudoba zicebile, zicebile nge-croaker ephuzi, i-squid ne-cod. I-Uruguay iyizwe lokulima lendabuko. Le mboni ayithuthuki kahle kanti imboni enkulu yokucubungula yimikhiqizo yezolimo neyezilwane. Umnotho uthembele emazweni angaphandle, kanti imikhiqizo eyinhloko ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe yinyama, uboya, imikhiqizo yasemanzini, isikhumba nelayisi. Kusukela ngeminyaka yama-1990, i-Uzbekistan isebenzise inqubomgomo yezomnotho emisha. Ngenkathi ikhuthaza izimboni zendabuko, ibhekele kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezingezona ezendabuko futhi yabamba iqhaza elibonakalayo ekuhlanganisweni komnotho wesifunda. Ethintwe ukuvuselelwa komnotho e-Argentina naseBrazil, umnotho wase-Uzbek wabuyela emuva ngonyaka we-2003 futhi wakhula ngo-2004. Imboni yezokuvakasha ithuthukiswe kancane. Izivakashi zakwamanye amazwe ikakhulukazi zivela emazweni angomakhelwane njenge-Argentina, iBrazil, iParaguay neChile. IPunta del Este neMontevideo, inhlokodolobha, yizindawo eziyinhloko zezivakashi.

[Main Cities]

I-Montevideo: IMontevideo iyinhloko-dolobha ye-Eastern Republic yase-Uruguay, esemazingeni aphansi oMfula iLa Plata, onqenqemeni lweSouth Atlantic Ihlanganisa indawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-530 futhi inabantu abayizigidi eziyi-1.38 (Juni 2000), okuyingxenye yabantu bakazwelonke. Kuyisikhungo sezepolitiki, sezomnotho, ezokuthutha kanye namasiko e-Uruguay, itheku elikhulu kunawo wonke e-Uruguay, kanye nesango lasolwandle lase-Uruguay.

Yize leli dolobha lisendaweni efudumele enamazinga angama-35 eningizimu latitude, umehluko wezinga lokushisa unyaka wonke awumuhle, isimo sezulu simnandi, izihlahla nezimbali zikuyo yonke indawo, nomoya uhlanzekile. Kunamapaki aminyene asemadolobheni, futhi izindawo zokuhlala ezinokuthula zakhiwe eduze kwamabhishi amakhulu amakhulu alungele ukubhukuda. Izakhiwo zehhovisi nezakhiwo zokuhlala ikakhulukazi izitayela zokwakha zaseYurophu. Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nonyaka lingu-16 ℃, izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile ngoJanuwari lingu-23 ℃, kanti izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile ngoJulayi ngu-10 ℃. Kuyinkungu kusuka ngoMeyi kuya ku-Okthoba minyaka yonke. Isilinganiso semvula saminyaka yonke silinganiselwa ku-1000 mm.

Incazelo yangempela ye- "Montevideo" ithi "Ngibona izintaba" ngesiPutukezi. IMONTE "intaba", kanti i-VIDEO ithi "ngiyibonile". Ngokwenganekwane, lapho umkhankaso wamaPutukezi ufika lapha okokuqala ngekhulu le-17, itilosi lathola igquma elingamamitha ayi-139 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle enyakatho-ntshonalanga yedolobha elidala lababaza: "Ngiyayibona intaba." Yingakho idolobha laseMongolia laqanjwa igama. Kepha lesi sitatimende asihlonishwa yizifundiswa. IMontevideo yaqala njengenhlanganisela yezinqaba zamasosha namachweba, ngesiko elide lokufuduka. Idolobha laseMontjuic lakhiwa phakathi kuka-1726 no-1730, ngenkathi iSpanish Bruno Mauricio de Zabala isungula inqaba yamasosha futhi yahlalisa amakhaya ayi-13 ngosuku lukaKhisimusi ngo-1726. IMontevideo ayisona isikhungo sezepolitiki, ezomnotho, ezohwebo, ezezimali namasiko kuphela e-Uzbekistan, kodwa futhi ingenye yamadolobha amakhulu etheku anomlando omude ekhoneni eliseningizimu yeLatin America.

Izinto zokuhamba zikaMontevideo zifaka phakathi ojantshi, imigwaqo kanye nokuthuthwa komoya ezweni lonke nase-Argentina naseBrazil. Idolobhakazi liphinde ligxile ezingxenyeni ezintathu zezimboni zezwe, nefriji yenyama futhi elungisa isikali esikhulu kunazo zonke, kanye nezimboni zendwangu, ufulawa, izimboni zokuncibilikisa uphethiloli, amakhemikhali nezikhumba. Itheku laseMontevideo linompheme owaziwa umhlaba wonke onomqondo oyingqayizivele, owaziwa ngokuthi yi "Balcony Kingdom". Itheku liseduze nemizuzu engama-30 ukusuka esikhumulweni sezindiza esikhulu kunazo zonke ezweni ngemoto, futhi kunezindiza ezijwayelekile eziya kuzo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba. IPort of Montevideo futhi lingenye yamachweba amakhulu eNingizimu Melika.