IRiphabhlikhi yaseSouth Sudan, izwe elingenamanzi enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afrika, lathola inkululeko kusuka eSudan ngo-2011. Ngasempumalanga kune-Ethiopia, eningizimu kuneDemocratic Republic of Congo, Kenya ne-Uganda, entshonalanga yiCentral African Republic, nasenyakatho yiSudan. Kuqukethe ixhaphozi elikhulu iSude elenziwe nguMfula iNayile Omhlophe. Njengamanje, inhlokodolobha yidolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke eJuba.Ngesikhathi esizayo, kuhlelwe ukuhambisa inhlokodolobha iye eRamsel, maphakathi nendawo. Insimu yeSouth Sudan yanamuhla neRiphabhlikhi yaseSudan ekuqaleni yayiphethwe ubukhosi bakwaMohammed Ali baseGibhithe, futhi kamuva yaba ukubusa ngokubambisana kweBritish neGibhithe eSudan.Ngemva kokuzimela kweRiphabhlikhi yaseSudan ngo-1956, yaba yingxenye yayo futhi yahlukaniswa yaba izifundazwe eziyishumi eziseningizimu. Ngemuva kwempi yombango yokuqala eSudan, iSudan eseNingizimu yathola ukuzibusa kusukela ngo-1972 kuya ku-1983. Impi yombango yaseSudan yesibili yagqashuka ngo-1983, kwathi ngo-2005 kwasayinwa "iSivumelwano Sokuthula Esiphelele" kwabe sekusungulwa uhulumeni ozimele waseNingizimu yeSudan. Ngo-2011, inhlolovo yenkululeko yaseSudan yaphasiswa ngo-98.83%. IRiphabhlikhi yaseSouth Sudan yamemezela inkululeko yayo ngo-0: 00 ngoJulayi 9, 2011. Izinhloko zombuso noma abamele uhulumeni emazweni angama-30 babamba iqhaza emcimbini wokugubha inkululeko yeRiphabhuliki YaseNingizimu Sudan. UKiwen naye ubambe iqhaza emcimbini wokugcotshwa. NgoJulayi 14, 2011, iRepublic of South Sudan yajoyina ngokusemthethweni iZizwe Ezihlangene futhi yaba yilungu leNhlangano Yezizwe. Njengamanje, liphinde libe yilungu le-African Union kanye ne-East African Community. NgoJulayi 2012, kwasayinwa iSivumelwano saseGeneva. Ngemuva kwenkululeko yeSouth Sudan, kusenezimpi ezishubile zangaphakathi.Kusukela ngonyaka we-2014, amaphuzu e-Fragile States Index (phambilini ebeyi-Failure State Index) abe phezulu kakhulu emhlabeni.

ISouth Sudan ihlanganisa indawo ecishe ibe ngamakhilomitha-skwele angama-620,000, iSudan isenyakatho, i-Ethiopia isempumalanga, iKenya, i-Uganda neDemocratic Republic of the Congo iseningizimu, ne-Central Africa iye entshonalanga. IRiphabhulikhi.

ISouth Sudan icishe ibe seningizimu ye-latitude ye-10 degrees north latitude (inhlokodolobha iJuba isendaweni eyi-10 degrees north latitude), kanti indawo yayo iphethwe amahlathi emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo, izindawo ezinotshani nezixhaphozi. Imvula yaminyaka yonke eSouth Sudan isukela kumamilimitha angama-600 kuye kwayi-2 000. Isikhathi semvula siqala ngoMeyi kuya ku-Okthoba unyaka nonyaka.Njengoba umfula iWhite Nile ugeleza ngale ndawo, ithambeka lincane ngokwedlulele, lizinkulungwane eziyishumi nanye kuphela, ngakho-ke livela e-Uganda nase-Ethiopia. Izikhukhula ezimbili zafika kule ndawo. Ukugeleza kwehla kancane futhi kwagcwala amanzi, kwakheka ixhaphozi elikhulu ─ ─ iSwamp Swude. Abantu bendawo baseNilotic bathuthela ezindaweni eziphakeme ngaphambi kwenkathi yemvula. Kumele balinde ukuthi isikhukhula sehle ngaphambi kokuba basuke ezindaweni eziphakeme baye ezifundeni eziphakeme. Amabhange omfula noma izindawo zokudonswa ngamanzi. Umfula iNayile omnyama ulima uhhafu kanti uhhafu uyalusa.Izolimo ikakhulukazi ingumdumbula, amakinati, ubhatata, amabele, isisame, ummbila, ilayisi, i-cowpea, ubhontshisi nemifino [15] .Ukuqashwa kwezilwane okubaluleke kakhulu izinkomo, ngoba mancane amahlathi kule ndawo. Futhi kunesomiso seminyaka eyisiqingatha, esingahambisani nokuthuthukiswa kwezimpukane ze-tsetse lapha. Ngakho-ke iSouth Sudan iyindawo ebalulekile ekhiqiza izinkomo Ngaphezu kwalokho ukukhiqizwa kwezinhlanzi nakho kuningi.

Indawo yamathafa lapho uMfula iNayile igeleza khona yakha iSwamp Swoman, engenye yezindawo ezingamaxhaphozi ezinkulu e-Afrika. Ngesikhathi semvula, indawo yexhaphozi ingafinyelela ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha-skwele angama-51,800. , Izizwe eziseduze zizosebenzisa umhlanga ukwenza iziqhingi ezintantayo, bese zihlala okwesikhashana futhi zidobe eziqhingini ezintantayo ukwakha ikamu lokudoba elintantayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izikhukhula zaminyaka yonke zoMfula iNayile zibaluleke kakhulu ekubuyiseleni amadlelo lapho izizwe zidla khona izinkomo zazo. Kukhona iSouth National Park, iBadingiro National Park, nePoma National Park kule ndawo.

Unxantathu waseNamoruyang oseningizimu-mpumalanga yeSouth Sudan egudle umngcele weKenya ne-Ethiopia umhlaba ophikisanayo. Manje ungaphansi kwamandla eKenya, kepha iSouth Sudan kanye I-Ethiopia ngayinye ithi ingumnikazi wale ndawo.