Greece, the full name of the Hellenic Republic, is located at the southernmost tip of the Balkan Peninsula with an area of ​​131,957 square kilometers. Surrounded by water on three sides, it faces the Ionian Sea in the southwest, the Aegean Sea in the east, and the African continent across the Mediterranean Sea in the south. There are many peninsulas and islands in the territory. The largest peninsula is the Peloponnese, and the largest island is Crete. The territory is mountainous, and Mount Olympus is considered to be the residence of the gods in Greek mythology. At 2,917 meters above sea level, it is the highest peak in the country. Greece has a subtropical Mediterranean climate, with warm and humid winters and dry and hot summers. The average temperature is 6-13℃ in winter and 23-33℃ in summer. The average annual precipitation is 400-1000 mm.

The country is divided into 13 regions, 52 states (including the holy mountain "Asus Theocracy", which enjoys great autonomy in the north), and 359 municipalities. The names of the regions are as follows: Thrace and Eastern Macedonia, Central Macedonia, Western Macedonia, Epirus, Thessaly, Ionian Islands, Western Greece, Central Greece, Attica, Peloponnese, North Aegean Sea, South Aegean Sea, Crete.

Greece is the birthplace of European civilization. It has created splendid ancient culture and has made great achievements in music, mathematics, philosophy, literature, architecture, sculpture, etc. From 2800 BC to 1400 BC, Minoan culture and Mycenaean culture appeared successively in Crete and Peloponnese. Hundreds of independent city states were formed in 800 BC. Athens, Sparta and Thebes are among the most developed city-states. The 5th century BC was the heyday of Greece. It was ruled by the Ottoman Empire in 1460. On March 25, 1821, Greece broke out the War of Independence against the Turkish Invaders and declared independence at the same time. On September 24, 1829, all Turkish troops withdrew from Greece. During the Second World War, Greece was occupied by German and Italian troops. The country was liberated in 1944 and independence was restored. The king was reset in 1946. The military launched a coup in April 1967 and established a military dictatorship. In June 1973, the king was deposed and the republic was established. The military government collapsed in July 1974; the national government was established as a republic.

National flag: It is rectangular with a ratio of length to width of 3:2. It consists of blue and white stripes, four white stripes and five blue stripes. There is a blue square on the top side of the flagpole with a white cross on it. The nine broad bars represent a Greek motto, "You give me liberty, give me death." This sentence has nine syllables in Greek. Blue represents the blue sky and white represents religious belief.

Greece has a total population of 11.075 million (2005), of which more than 98% are Greeks. The official language is Greek, and the Orthodox Church is the state religion.

Greece is one of the underdeveloped countries in the European Union, and its economic foundation is relatively weak. The forest area accounts for 20% of the country. The industrial base is weaker than other EU countries, with backward technology and small scale. The main industries include mining, metallurgy, textiles, shipbuilding, and construction. Greece is a traditional agricultural country, with arable land accounting for 26.4% of the country. The service industry is an important part of the economy, and the tourism industry is one of the main sources of obtaining foreign exchange and maintaining the balance of international payments.

The rich cultural heritage and exquisite natural scenery make Greece's tourism resources unique. There are more than 15,000 kilometers of long and tortuous coastline, with staggered harbors and charming scenery. More than 3,000 islands are dotted around, like bright pearls inlaid on the blue Aegean Sea and Mediterranean Sea. The sun is shining and abundant, the beach sand is soft and the tide is flat, attracting tourists from all over the world. The countless historical sites are a beautiful cultural landscape in Greece. The Acropolis, the Temple of the Sun at Delphi, the ancient stadium of Olympia, the Labyrinth of Crete, the Amphitheatre of Epidavros, the religious city of Apollo on Delos, the Tomb of the Macedonian King of Vergina, the Holy Mountain, etc. People linger forever. During the stroll, people will feel like being in the world of mythology and returning to the homer era. The huge Olympic project built for the 2004 Olympic Games has provided abundant resources for the development of tourism.

The prosperity of the city-state gave birth to the brilliant ancient culture of Greece, which made the ancient Greek culture shine in the palace of world culture and art. Whether in music, mathematics, philosophy, literature, or architecture, sculpture, etc., the Greeks have made great achievements. The immortal Homer epic, many cultural greats, such as the comedy writer Aristophanes, the tragedy writer Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, the philosophers Socrates, Plato, and the mathematician Pythagoras Si, Euclid, sculptor Phidias, etc.

Athens: Athens, the capital of Greece, is located at the southern tip of the Balkan Peninsula. It is surrounded by mountains on three sides and the sea on the other. It is 8 kilometers southwest of the Aegean Faliron Bay. The city of Athens is hilly, and the Kifisos and Ilysos rivers pass through the city. Athens is the largest city in Greece, with an area of ​​900,000 hectares and a population of 3.757 million (2001). Athens has had a significant impact on European and world culture, and has been known as the "cradle of Western civilization" since ancient times.

Athens is an ancient city named after Athena, the goddess of wisdom. Legend has it that in ancient Greece, Athena, the goddess of wisdom, and Poseidon, the goddess of sea, fought for the status of the protector of Athens. Later, the main god Zeus decided: Whoever can give mankind a useful thing, the city belongs to whom. Poseidon gave mankind a strong horse that symbolized war, and Athena, the goddess of wisdom, gave mankind an olive tree with luxuriant branches and fruit, symbolizing peace. People yearn for peace and don't want war. As a result, the city belongs to the goddess Athena. From then on, she became the patron saint of Athens, and Athens got its name. Later, people regarded Athens as a "peace-loving city".

Athens is a world-famous cultural city. It has created glorious ancient cultures in history. Many precious cultural heritages have been passed down to this day and constitute part of the world's cultural treasure house. Athens has made great achievements in mathematics, philosophy, literature, architecture, sculpture, etc. The great comedy writer Aristophanes, the great tragedy writers Aischris, Sophocles and Euripides, the historians Herodotus, Thucydides, the philosophers Socrates, Plato, and Yari Stokes had both research and creative activities in Athens.

The Museum of Greek History and Antiquities in the center of Athens is another important building in Athens. A large number of cultural relics, various utensils, exquisite gold ornaments and figures of figures from 4000 BC are displayed here, vividly showing the splendid culture of various historical periods in Greece, which can be called a microcosm of ancient Greek history.