Nepal is an inland mountain country located at the southern foot of the middle section of the Himalayas, bordered by China to the north and India to the west, south and east. Mountains overlap in Nepal, and Mount Everest (called Sagarmatha in Nepal) is located on the border between China and Nepal. The country is divided into three climate zones: the northern high mountains, the central temperate zone and the southern subtropical zone. The lowest temperature in the cold season in the north is -41℃, and the highest temperature in summer in the south is 45℃. The terrain is high in the north and low in the south, and the relative height difference is rare in the world. Most are hilly areas, and land above 1 km above sea level accounts for half of the country's total area. Surrounded by mountains in the east, west and north, Nepal has been known as the "mountain country" since ancient times. The rivers are numerous and turbulent. Most of them originated in Tibet, my country, and flowed into the Ganges in India to the south. Due to the complex terrain, the climate varies across the country. The country is divided into three climate zones: the northern high mountains, the central temperate zone and the southern subtropical zone. The lowest temperature in the cold season in the north is -41℃, and the highest temperature in summer in the south is 45℃. At the same time in the country, when the southern plains are extremely hot, the capital Kathmandu and the Pakra Valley are full of flowers and spring, while the northern mountainous area is winter with snowflakes.

The dynasty was established in the 6th century BC. In 1769, King Plitvi Narayan Shah of Gurkha conquered the three principalities of the Mala Dynasty and unified Nepal. The Shah Dynasty was established and continues to this day. When the British invaded in 1814, Nepal was forced to cede large areas of territory to British India, and its diplomacy was under British supervision. From 1846 to 1950, the Rana family relied on the support of the British to seize military and political power and obtained the status of hereditary prime minister, making the king a puppet. In 1923, Britain recognized Nepal's independence. In November 1950, the Nepal Congress Party and others launched an anti-Rana struggle, ending the rule of Rana and implementing a constitutional monarchy. Mahendra promulgated Nepal's first constitution in February 1959. A new constitution was promulgated in 1962. King Birendra ascended the throne in 1972. On April 16, 1990, King Birendra disbanded the National Council and promulgated the third constitution in November of the same year, implementing a multi-party constitutional monarchy.

Flag: The flag of Nepal is the only triangular flag in the world. This kind of pennant appeared in Nepal a century ago, and later the two pennants were joined together to become the style of the Nepalese flag today. It is composed of two triangles with a small upper part and a larger lower part. The flag surface is red and the flag border is blue. Red is the color of the national flower Red Rhododendron, and blue represents peace. The upper triangle flag has a white crescent moon and star pattern, representing the royal family; the white sun pattern in the lower triangle flag comes from the logo of the Rana family. The sun and moon patterns also represent the Nepalese people’s wish for the country to survive like the sun and the moon. The two flag angles represent the two peaks of the Himalayas.

Nepal has a population of 26.42 million people (as of July 2006). Nepal is a multi-ethnic country with more than 30 ethnic groups including Rye, Limbu, Sunuwar, Damang, Majal, Gurung, Sherba, Newar, and Tharu. 86.5% of residents believe in Hinduism, making it the only country in the world that regards Hinduism as its state religion. 7.8% believe in Buddhism, 3.8% believe in Islam, and 2.2% believe in other religions. Nepali is the national language, and English is commonly used in upper classes.

Nepal is an agricultural country, 80% of the population is dominated by agriculture, the economy is backward, and it is one of the least developed countries in the world. The main crops are rice, corn, and wheat, and the cash crops are mainly sugarcane, oil crops, and tobacco. Natural resources include copper, iron, aluminum, zinc, phosphorus, cobalt, quartz, sulfur, lignite, mica, marble, limestone, magnesite, and wood. Only a small amount of mining is obtained. The hydropower resources are abundant, with hydropower reserves of 83 million kilowatts. Nepal has a weak industrial base, small scale, low level of mechanization, and slow development. Mainly include sugar making, textiles, leather shoes, food processing, etc. There are also some rural handicrafts and handicraft manufacturing industries. The pleasant climate and beautiful natural scenery make Nepal rich in tourism resources. Nepal is located in the southern foothills of the Himalayas. In addition, there are more than 200 peaks of 6000 to 8000 meters in Nepal, which are aspirations for mountain climbers. Nepal’s rich cultural and religious heritage and exquisite classical buildings are available for Hindu and Buddhists. For pilgrimage, it also has 14 national wildlife protection parks, which can be used for trekking and hunting tours. In 1995, there were 360,000 tourists to Nepal.