Algeria, the full name of the Democratic People’s Republic of Algeria, is located in northwestern Africa, with the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Tunisia and Libya to the east, Niger, Mali and Mauritania to the south, and Morocco and Western Sahara to the west, covering an area of ​​2,381,741 square meters. Kilometers. The coastline is about 1,200 kilometers long. The entire territory of Algeria is roughly bounded by the east-westbound Taylor Atlas Mountains and the Sahara Atlas Mountains; the northern part of the Taylor Atlas Mountains is the coastal plain on the Mediterranean coast; between the two mountains is the plateau area; Sahara Atlas South of the Las Mountains is the Sahara Desert, which accounts for about 85% of the country's area. The northern coastal area belongs to the Mediterranean climate, the central part is a tropical grassland climate, and the south is a tropical desert climate, hot and dry. August is the hottest every year, with a maximum temperature of 29℃ and a minimum temperature of 22℃; January is the coldest, with a maximum temperature of 15℃ and a minimum temperature of 9℃. The annual precipitation is less than 150 mm, and some places do not rain all year round.

　　 There are 48 provinces in the country, namely: Algiers, Adrar, Sharif, Lagwat, Umbuaki, Batna, Béjaya, Biskara, Besar , Blida, Buira, Tamanrasset, Tebessa, Tlemcen, Tiaret, Tiziuzu, Jelefa, Jigel, Setif, Saiida, Sri Lanka Kikda, Sidi Belle-Abbes, Annaba, Guerma, Constantine, Medea, Mostaganam, Msila, Mascara, Urguera, Oran, Beyd, Ilizi, Bourgi-Buareriji, Bumedes, Tarif, Tindouf, Tismusilt, Varde, Hansila, Sukh-Akhras, Di Baza, Mila, Ain-Devra, Naama, Ain-Timchente, Gerdaya, Helizan.

　　Algeria is a big country in Africa and a country with a relatively long history. In the 3rd century BC, two Berber kingdoms were established in northern Afghanistan. It became a province of Rome in 146 BC. From the 5th to the 6th century, it was ruled by the Vandals and the Byzantines successively. In 702 AD the Arabs conquered the entire Maghreb. In the 15th century, Spain and Turkey invaded successively. In the 16th century, Azerbaijan established the Har-Ed-Deng Dynasty. France invaded in 1830, was declared a French territory in 1834, became three French provinces in 1871, and in 1905 Azerbaijan became a French colony. In World War II, Algiers was the seat of the North African Allied Forces headquarters and was once the temporary capital of France. In 1958, the French parliament passed the "fundamental law", stipulating that Algeria is a "part of the whole" of France, and is directly governed by the French government's general delegation to Algiers. On September 19, 1958, the Provisional Government of the Republic of Algeria was established. On March 18, 1962, the French government and the interim government signed the "Evian Agreement", recognizing Afghanistan's right to self-determination and independence. On July 1st of the same year, Azerbaijan held a national referendum and officially declared independence on July 3rd, and July 5th was designated as Independence Day. On September 25, the Constitutional National Assembly named the country the Democratic People’s Republic of Algeria. In September 1963, Ben Bella was elected the first president.

　　 National flag: It is rectangular with a ratio of length to width of 3:2. The flag surface is composed of two parallel and equal vertical rectangles on the left, green and white, with a red crescent moon and a slightly inclined red five-pointed star in the center. Green symbolizes hope for the future, white represents purity and peace, and red symbolizes revolution and dedication to struggle for ideals. Algeria regards Islam as its state religion, and the crescent moon and five-pointed star are the symbols of this Muslim country.

　　 Population: 33.8 million (2006). The vast majority are Arabs, followed by Berbers, accounting for about 20% of the total population. The ethnic minorities are Mzabu and Tuareg. The official languages ​​are Arabic and Berber (in April 2002, the Algerian parliament confirmed Berber as one of the official languages. Berbers are the indigenous inhabitants of North Africa, and Berbers make up about the total population of the country One-sixth of the common French. Islam is the state religion, Muslims account for 99.9% of the population, all of them Sunni.

　　 Algeria’s economy ranks third in Africa, after South Africa and Egypt. Oil and natural gas resources are very rich, and it is known as the "North African Oil Depot." The total area of ​​proven oil and gas reserves amounts to 1.6 million square kilometers, with proven recoverable oil reserves of 1.255 billion tons, ranking 15th in the world. The natural gas reserves are 4.52 trillion cubic meters, and both reserves and output occupy the seventh place in the world. The oil and gas industry is the backbone of Algeria's economy. Almost all oil and gas products are exported. Natural gas and oil exports account for more than 90% of the country’s foreign exchange income. In addition, there are also mineral deposits such as iron, mercury, lead, zinc, copper, gold, phosphate, and uranium.

　　 Algerian industry is dominated by petrochemical industry. The national economy of Afghanistan is heavily dependent on the hydrocarbon industry, and the export value of hydrocarbon products once accounted for 98% of the total export value. Agriculture is developing slowly. Grain and daily necessities mainly rely on imports. The arable land area is 74 million hectares, of which 8.2 million hectares have been cultivated. Azerbaijan is one of the top ten importers of food, milk, oil and sugar in the world. The agricultural labor force accounts for 25% of the total labor force. The main agricultural products are grains (wheat, barley, oats and beans), vegetables, grapes, oranges and dates. The forest area is 3.67 million hectares, with an annual output of 200,000 cubic meters of wood, of which 460,000 hectares of softwood forest resources, the softwood production ranks third in the world. A has rich tourism resources. The attractive Mediterranean climate, historical sites, numerous bathing beaches, the mysterious Sahara desert and oasis, and the northern mountains that can develop mountaineering tourism form Algeria’s rich tourism resources and are suitable for different forms of tourism in different seasons .

　　Algiers: Algiers, the capital of Algeria (Algiers, Alger) is one of the largest seaport cities on the southern coast of the Mediterranean. It is located on the northern coast of Algeria, facing the Gulf of Algiers in the Mediterranean and backing by Atter Bracharia Mountains in the Las Mountains. The city is built on the mountain, its ancient part is on the mountain, and the modern part is under the mountain. Population of 2.56 million (1998).

　　The city of Algiers was established by Arabs and Berbers in the tenth century. It has a glorious history of fighting against colonialism. The Old City of Algiers is called "Kasba". Kasba originally meant the ancient castle still left on the top of the mountain. In the anti-colonial war, the Kasba area was a bastion of heroes. There are ancient houses of one or two stories high with stones on the hills of the Kasba area. There are many narrow, stone-paved alleys between them. It is a place full of Algerian nationality.