I-Algeria, igama eligcwele leDemocratic People's Republic of Algeria, itholakala enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Afrika, kuthi uLwandle iMedithera lubheke enyakatho, iTunisia neLibya ngasempumalanga, iNiger, iMali neMauritania ngaseningizimu, kuthi iMorocco neWestern Sahara ngasentshonalanga, ihlanganise indawo engamamitha-skwele angama-2,381,741. Amakhilomitha. Ugu lolwandle cishe lungamakhilomitha ayi-1 200 ubude. Yonke insimu yase-Algeria icijwe yizintaba ezisempumalanga nentshonalanga yeTaylor Atlas Mountains kanye nezintaba iSahara Atlas; ingxenye esenyakatho yezintaba iTaylor Atlas yithafa elisogwini lolwandle lwaseMedithera; phakathi kwalezi zintaba ezimbili kuyithafa elisethafeni; ISahara Atlas ENingizimu yeZintaba zaseLas yihlane laseSahara, elibala cishe i-85% yendawo yezwe. Indawo esogwini olusenyakatho ingeyesimo sezulu saseMedithera, ingxenye emaphakathi yisimo sezulu esinezindawo ezishisayo, kanti eningizimu yisimo sezulu sogwadule esishisayo, esishisayo nesomile. Agasti yiyona eshisa kakhulu minyaka yonke, enezinga lokushisa eliphakeme elingu-29 ℃ kanye nezinga eliphansi lokushisa elingu-22 ℃; UJanuwari ubanda kakhulu, unezinga lokushisa eliphakeme elingu-15 ℃ kanye nelincane lokushisa elingu-9 ℃. Imvula yonyaka ingaphansi kuka-150 mm, kanti ezinye izindawo azina mvula unyaka wonke.

Kunezifundazwe ezingama-48 ezweni, okuyi: Algiers, Adrar, Sharif, Lagwat, Umbuaki, Batna, Béjaya, Biskara, Besar , Blida, Buira, Taman Rasset, Tebesa, Tlemcen, Tiaret, Tiziuzu, Jelefa, Jigel, Setif, Saiida, Sri Lanka Kikda, Sidi Baylor-Abbes, Annaba, Guerma, Constantine, Medea, Mostaganam, Msila, Mascara, Urguera, Oran, Beyd, Ilizi, Bourgi-Buareriji, Bumedes, Tarif, Tindouf, Tismusilt, Varde, Hansila, Sukh-Akhras, Di Baza, Mila, Ain-Devra, Naama, Ain-Timchente, Gerdaya, Helizan.

I-Algeria yizwe elikhulu e-Afrika futhi izwe elinomlando omude uma kuqhathaniswa. Ngekhulu lesi-3 BC, kwasungulwa imibuso emibili yamaBerber enyakatho ye-Afghanistan. Kwaba yisifundazwe saseRoma ngo-146 BC. Kusukela ngekhulu lesi-5 kuya kwelesi-6, laliphethwe amaVandals namaByzantine ngokulandelana. Ngo-702 AD ama-Arabhu anqoba iMaghreb yonke. Ngekhulu le-15, iSpain neTurkey bahlasela ngokulandelana. Ngekhulu le-16, i-Azerbaijan yasungula uHar-Ed-Deng Dynasty. IFrance yahlasela ngo-1830, yamenyezelwa njengendawo yaseFrance ngo-1834, yaba yizifundazwe ezintathu zaseFrance ngo-1871, kwathi ngo-1905 i-Azerbaijan yaba ikoloni laseFrance. EMpini Yesibili Yomhlaba, i-Algiers kwakuyisihlalo sekomkhulu leNorth African Allied Forces futhi eyake yaba inhlokodolobha yesikhashana yeFrance. Ngo-1958, iphalamende laseFrance laphasisa "umthetho oyisisekelo", lathi i-Algeria "iyingxenye yayo yonke" iFrance, futhi ilawulwa ngqo yithimba likahulumeni waseFrance eliya e-Algiers. NgoSepthemba 19, 1958, kwaqalwa uHulumeni Wesikhashana weRiphabhulikhi yase-Algeria. NgoMashi 18, 1962, uhulumeni waseFrance kanye nohulumeni wesikhashana basayina "Isivumelwano se-Evian", behlonipha ilungelo le-Afghanistan lokuzibusa nokuzimela. NgoJulayi 1 wangonyaka ofanayo, i-Azerbaijan yabamba inhlolovo kazwelonke futhi yamemezela ngokusemthethweni ukuzimela ngoJulayi 3, kwathi uJulayi 5 waqokwa njengoSuku Lokuzimela. NgoSepthemba 25, iPhalamende Likazwelonke Lomthethosisekelo laqamba leli lizwe ngokuthi yiDemocratic People’s Republic of Algeria. NgoSepthemba 1963, uBen Bella wakhethwa njengomongameli wokuqala.

Ifulegi likazwelonke: Lingunxande elinesilinganiso sobude nobubanzi obungu-3: 2. Ubuso befulegi bunamaceleni amabili aqondile nalinganayo kwesobunxele, oluhlaza okotshani nokumhlophe, anenyanga ecwebezelayo ebomvu nenkanyezi ethambile enombala obomvu onamaphuzu amahlanu maphakathi. Okuhlaza kukhombisa ithemba ngekusasa, umhlophe umele ubumsulwa nokuthula, kanti okubomvu kufanekisela uguquko nokuzinikela ekulweleni imigomo. I-Algeria ibheka amaSulumane njengenkolo yawo yombuso, kanti inyanga ewucezu lwenkanyezi kanye nenkanyezi ekhonjiwe ezinhlanu kuyizimpawu zaleli lizwe lamaSulumane.

Inani labantu: izigidi ezingama-33.8 (2006). Iningi labo lingama-Arabhu, lilandelwa yiBerbers, elibala cishe ama-20% enani labantu. Izinhlanga ezincane nguMzabu noTuareg. Izilimi ezisemthethweni yisi-Arabhu nesi-Berber (ngo-Ephreli 2002, iphalamende lase-Algeria laqinisekisa isiBerber njengezinye zezilimi ezisemthethweni. AmaBerbers ngabantu bomdabu baseNyakatho Afrika, kanti amaBerbers akha cishe inani labantu ezweni lonke. Eyesithupha yesiFulentshi esivamile. I-Islam iyinkolo yombuso, amaSulumane enza i-99.9% yabantu, bonke bangamaSunni.

Umnotho wase-Algeria ubeka isithathu e-Afrika, ngemuva kweNingizimu Afrika neGibhithe. Izinsizakusebenza ze-oyela negesi yemvelo zicebile kakhulu, futhi yaziwa njenge "North African Oil Depot." Indawo ephelele yokugcinwa kukawoyela negesi efinyelelekile ifinyelela kumakhilomitha-skwele ayizigidi eziyi-1,6, enezinqolobane zikawoyela ezingatholakala ezingamathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.255, zikleliswe endaweni ye-15 emhlabeni. Izinqolobane zegesi yemvelo zingama-cubic metres ayi-4.52 trillion, futhi zombili izinqolobane kanye nokukhiphayo kuhlala endaweni yesikhombisa emhlabeni. Imboni kawoyela negesi iwumgogodla womnotho wase-Algeria. Iningi lemikhiqizo kawoyela negesi yase-Azerbaijan iyathunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Ukuthunyelwa kwegesi yemvelo kanye no-oyela kungaphezulu kwe-90% yemali engenayo yezwe langaphandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona namaminerali amadiphozi ensimbi, i-mercury, i-lead, i-zinc, ithusi, igolide, i-phosphate, ne-uranium.

Imboni yase-Algeria iphethwe ngumkhakha we-petrochemical. Umnotho wezwe wase-Azerbaijan uncike kakhulu embonini ye-hydrocarbon.Ivelu yokuthumela ngaphandle kwemikhiqizo ye-hydrocarbon yake yaba ne-98% yenani eliphelele lokuthekelisa. Ezolimo zithuthuka kancane.Izinhlamvu nezidingo zansuku zonke zixhomeke kakhulu ekuthengisweni kwempahla engena ezweni.Indawo yokulima engamahektare ayizigidi ezingama-74, lapho kulinywe khona amahektha ayizigidi eziyi-8.2.I-Azerbaijan ingomunye wabayishumi abahamba phambili ngokungenisa ukudla, ubisi, uwoyela noshukela emhlabeni. Abasebenzi bezolimo balinganiselwa kuma-25% abo bonke abasebenzi. Imikhiqizo ephambili yezolimo yizinhlamvu (ukolweni, ibhali, i-oats nobhontshisi), imifino, amagilebhisi, amawolintshi nezinsuku. Indawo yehlathi ingamahektha ayizigidi ezingama-3.67, okukhipha minyaka yonke ama-cubic metres ayi-200,000 wamapulangwe, kuwo amahektha angama-460,000 wemithombo yehlathi le-softwood, umkhiqizo wezinkuni ezithambile ukleliswe endaweni yesithathu emhlabeni. I-A inezinsizakusebenza zokuvakasha ezicebile. Isimo sezulu esikhangayo saseMedithera, izindawo ezinomlando, amabhishi amaningi okugeza, ugwadule olungaqondakali kanye ne-oasis, nezintaba ezisenyakatho ezingathuthukisa ezokuvakasha zezintaba zakha imithombo yezokuvakasha ecebile yase-Algeria futhi zilungele izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuvakasha ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene .

I-Algiers: I-Algiers, inhlokodolobha yase-Algeria (i-Algiers, Alger) ingelinye lamadolobha amakhulu etheku elisogwini oluseningizimu yeMedithera. Itholakala ogwini olusenyakatho ye-Algeria, ibheke eGulf of Algiers eMedithera futhi isekelwa yi-Atter Izintaba zaseBracharia ezintabeni zaseLas. Idolobha lakhiwe entabeni, ingxenye yalo yakudala isentabeni, kanti ingxenye yesimanje ingaphansi kwentaba. Inani labantu abayizigidi ezi-2.56 (1998).

Idolobha lase-Algiers lasungulwa ngama-Arabhu namaBerbers ngekhulu leshumi. Inomlando omuhle wokulwa nobukoloniyali. Idolobha Elidala Lase-Algiers libizwa nge- "Kasba". UKasba ekuqaleni wayesho ukuthi isigodlo sasendulo sasisele esiqongweni sentaba. Empini elwa namakholoni, indawo yaseKasba yayiyisizinda samaqhawe. Kunezindlu zasendulo ezinesitezi esisodwa noma ezimbili eziphakeme ngamatshe emagqumeni asendaweni yaseKasba.Kunezindlela eziningi ezincane, ezivalwe ngamatshe phakathi kwazo.Kuyindawo egcwele ubuzwe base-Algeria.