[Nyika Mbiri]

Iyo nzvimbo yenharaunda yeJamaica iri 10,991 mativi emakiromita. Inowanikwa kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweGungwa reCaribbean, kuyambuka Jamaica Strait kumabvazuva neHaiti, anenge makiromita 140 kubva kuCuba kuenda kuchamhembe. Icho chitsuwa chechitatu pakukura muCaribbean. Mahombekombe akareba makiromita mazana maviri nemakumi maviri. Iine tembiricha yesango remvura inonaya ine avhareji tembiricha yegore rega ye27 ° C.

Nyika yakakamurwa kuita matunhu matatu: Cornwall, Middlesex, neSurrey. Iwo matatu matunhu akapatsanurwa kuita matunhu gumi nemana, ayo Kingston neSt Andrew matunhu anoumba dunhu rakabatanidzwa, saka panotova nehurumende dzematunhu gumi nematatu chete. Mazita ematunhu anotevera: Kingston neSt Andrew's United District, St. Thomas, Portland, St. Mary, St. Anna, Trillone, St. James, Hanover, Westmoreland, St. Elizabeth, Manchester, Claren Den, St. Catherine.

Jamaica pakutanga yaive pekugara yerudzi rweArawak rwevaIndia. Columbus akawana chitsuwa muna 1494. Yakava koloni yeSpain muna 1509. VaBritain vakatora chitsuwa ichi muna 1655. Kubva pakupera kwezana ramakore rechi17 kusvika kutanga kwezana ramakore rechi19, yakava imwe yemisika yeBritain yevaranda. Muna 1834, Britain yakazivisa kubviswa kwouranda. Yakave yeBritish koloni muna 1866. Akajoinha West Indies Federation muna 1958. Kuwana mukati kuzvitonga muna 1959. Kubviswa kubva kuWest Indies Federation munaGunyana 1961. Kuzvimiririra kwakaziviswa muna Nyamavhuvhu 6, 1962, senhengo yeCommonwealth.

Mureza wenyika: Iyo yakatenderera yakatenderera ine chiyero chehurefu kusvika paupamhi hwe2: 1. Mitsetse miviri yakapamhamha yeyero yehupamhi hwakaenzana inopatsanura mureza pamusoro pemakona matatu akaenzana achitevedza mutsara wedhagonal. Kumativi ekumusoro nekuzasi akasvibira uye kuruboshwe nekurudyi vatema. Yero inomiririra zviwanikwa zvepasi uye nekupenya kwezuva, dema rinomiririra matambudziko akakundwa uye achasangana nawo, uye girini inomiririra tariro nehupfumi hwenyika hwehupfumi.

Huwandu hwevagari vemuJamaica hune mamirioni 2.62 (pakupera kwa2001). Vatema uye mulattos account inodarika 90%, uye vamwe vese maIndia, vachena nemaChinese. Chirungu ndiyo mutauro wepamutemo. Vazhinji vagari vanotenda muchiKristu, uye vashoma vanotenda muchiHindu nechiJudha.

Bauxite, shuga uye kushanya ndiwo akakosha zvikamu zvehupfumi hwenyika yeJamaica uye sosi huru yemari yekunze. Chinhu chikuru sosi ndeye bauxite, iine matura angangoita 1,9 bhiriyoni matani, ichiita kuti ive yechitatu mukurumbira webauxite mupasi. Mamwe mamineral deposits anosanganisira cobalt, mhangura, iron, lead, zinc uye gypsum. Nzvimbo yemasango i265,000 mahekita, yakawanda miti yakasiyanasiyana. Iyo yekuchera uye yekunyungudutsa bauxite ndiyo inonyanya kukosha indasitiri chikamu muJamaica. Pamusoro pezvo, kune maindasitiri akaita sekugadzira chikafu, zvinwiwa, fodya, zvigadzirwa zvesimbi, zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, zvekuvaka, makemikari, machira uye mbatya. Nzvimbo yevhu rinorimwa ingangoita mahekita mazana maviri nemakumi manomwe, uye nzvimbo yemasango inosvika chikamu che20% yenzvimbo yakazara yenyika. Inonyanya kurima nzimbe nemabhanana, pamwe necocoa, kofi uye mhiripiri tsvuku. Tourism inokosha chikamu chehupfumi uye sosi huru yekushambadzira kwekunze muJamaica.

[Guta Guru]

Kingston: Kingston, guta guru reJamaica, ndiyo yepasi rechinomwe pakukura kwechisikigo chengarava yemvura yakadzika uye nzvimbo yevashanyi. Inowanikwa kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweLanshan Mountain, gomo refu-soro pachiwi chiri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kwemahombekombe eGulf, kune yakaorera Guinea Plain padyo. Nzvimbo iyi (kusanganisira masabhabhu) angangoita mazana mashanu emakiromita emakiromita.Yakaita segore gore rese, uye tembiricha kazhinji iri pakati pe23-29 degrees Celsius. Guta rakakomberedzwa nezvikomo zvakasvibira uye nhongonya dzemakomo kumativi matatu, uye mafungu ebhuruu kune rimwe divi.Iye inoyevedza uye ine mukurumbira we "Mambokadzi weCaribbean Guta".

Vagari vepakutanga vakagara pano kwenguva yakareba maIndia eArawak. Yakatorwa neSpain kubva muna1509 kusvika muna 1655 uye yakazove koloni yeBritain. Port Royal, makiromita mashanu kumaodzanyemba kweguta, yaive yekutanga ngarava yeBritish. Mukudengenyeka kwenyika kwakaitika muna 1692, vazhinji vePort Royal vakaparadzwa, uye Kingston yakazove guta rakakosha chengarava. Yakave nzvimbo yekutengesa muzana ramakore gumi nemasere uye nzvimbo yaitengeswa nhapwa nevapambepfumi. Yakasarudzwa seguta guru reJamaica muna 1872. Yakavakwazve mushure mekudengenyeka kwenyika kukuru muna 1907.

Mhepo iri muguta iri nyowani, migwagwa yakatsvinda, nemichindwe nemiti yemabhiza nemaruva akajeka zvinozara nemugwagwa. Kunze kwemasangano ehurumende, hakuna zvivakwa zvakakura munzvimbo yeguta. Zvitoro, mabhaisikopo emitambo, mahotera, nezvimwe zvakadaro akaiswa mukati mechikamu chepakati cheBechinos Street. Kune makwere, zvivakwa zveparamende, St. Thomas Church (yakavakwa muna 1699), mamiziyamu, nezvimwewo pakati peguta. Kune iyo Nhandare yeNyika kumatunhu ekuchamhembe, uye mujaho wemabhiza unowanzoitirwa pano. Nzvimbo yekutengesa iri padyo inonzi New Kingston. Rockford Castle iri kumabvazuva kweguta. Iko kune hombe bhotani bindu botanical makiromita masere pazasi peLanshan Mountain ine dzakasiyana dzakasiyana miti yemiti yemichero. Mumadhorobha ekumadokero, kune matanhatu makoreji eWest Indies University, inzvimbo yepamusoro muWest Indies. Ikofi yemhando yepamusoro inogadzirwa muno muLanshan inozivikanwa pasi rese. Njanji nemugwagwa mukuru zvinotungamira kuchitsuwa chose, uye kune nhandare huru yepasi rese, uye indasitiri yekushanya inovandudzwa.