Mexico, dzina lonse la United Mexico States, lokhala ndi dera lalikulu makilomita 1,964,375, ndilo dziko lachitatu lalikulu kwambiri ku Latin America komanso dziko lalikulu kwambiri ku Central America. Mexico ili kumwera chakumwera kwa North America komanso kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Latin America. Ndiyenera kupita poyendetsa malo ku South ndi North America. Amadziwika kuti "mlatho wapansi". Imadutsa United States kumpoto, Guatemala ndi Belize kumwera, Gulf of Mexico ndi Nyanja ya Caribbean kum'mawa, ndi Pacific Ocean ndi Gulf of California kumadzulo. Mphepete mwa nyanja ndi makilomita 11122 kutalika. Gombe la Pacific ndi makilomita 7,828, ndipo Gulf of Mexico ndi gombe la Caribbean ndi makilomita 3,294. Isthmus yotchuka ya Tehuantepec imalumikiza North ndi Central America. Pafupifupi 5/6 mderali ndi zigwa ndi mapiri. Dera lamapiri la Mexico lili pakatikati, mozungulira mapiri a East ndi West Madre, mapiri a New Volcanic ndi mapiri a South Madre kumwera kwake, ndi Peninsula yosalala ya Yucatan kumwera chakum'mawa, ndi zigwa zambiri zazing'ono m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Phiri lalitali kwambiri mdzikolo, Orizaba, ndi mamita 5700 pamwamba pa nyanja. Mitsinje yayikulu ndi Bravo, Balsas ndi Yaki. Nyanja imagawidwa makamaka m'mphepete mwa mapiri apakati.Nyanja yayikulu kwambiri ndi Nyanja ya Chapala, yomwe ili ndi makilomita 1,109. Chikhalidwe cha Mexico ndi chovuta komanso chosiyanasiyana. Madambo a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi kum'mwera chakum'mawa ali ndi nyengo yotentha; chigwa cha Mexico chimakhala ndi nyengo yabwino chaka chonse; kumpoto chakumadzulo chakumadzulo kuli nyengo yakontinenti. Madera ambiri amagawika nyengo zouma komanso zamvula chaka chonse.Nyengo yamvula imagwa 75% yamvumbi yapachaka. Chifukwa dera la Mexico limakhala malo owala bwino, sizizizira kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira, kulibe kutentha kotentha nthawi yotentha, komanso mitengo yobiriwira nthawi zonse, chifukwa chake imadziwika kuti "Palace Pearl".

Dzikoli lagawidwa m'maiko 31 ndi 1 Federal District (Mexico City) .Mabomawa amakhala ndi mizinda (matauni) (2394) ndi midzi. Mayina amaboma ndi awa: Aguascalientes, Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Coahuila, Colima, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Querétaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosí , Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas.

Mexico ndi amodzi mwa malo akale otukuka amwenye aku America. Chikhalidwe chodziwika bwino cha Mayan, chikhalidwe cha Toltec ndi chikhalidwe cha Aztec zonse zidapangidwa ndi amwenye akale aku Mexico. Pyramid of the Sun ndi Pyramid of the Moon yomangidwa kumpoto kwa Mexico City BC ndiomwe akuyimira chikhalidwe chokongola ichi chakale. Mzinda wakale wa Teotihuacan, pomwe mapiramidi a Dzuwa ndi Mwezi, adalengezedwa ndi UNESCO ngati cholowa chofala cha anthu. Amwenye akale ku Mexico amalima chimanga, motero Mexico imadziwika kuti "tawuni yakumudzi". M'nthawi zosiyanasiyana zakale, Mo adapambananso mbiri ya "ufumu wa cacti", "ufumu wa siliva" komanso "dziko loyandama panyanja yamafuta". Spain idalanda Mexico mu 1519, Mexico idakhala koloni yaku Spain mu 1521, ndipo Governorate of New Spain idakhazikitsidwa ku Mexico City mu 1522. Kudziyimira pawokha kudalengezedwa pa Ogasiti 24, 1821. "Ufumu waku Mexico" unakhazikitsidwa mu Meyi chaka chotsatira. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa Republic of Mexico kudalengezedwa pa Disembala 2, 1823. Federal Republic idakhazikitsidwa mwalamulo mu Okutobala 1824. Mu 1917, lamulo la demokalase la bourgeois lidalengezedwa ndipo dzikolo lidalengezedwa kuti United States States.

Mbendera yadziko: Ndi yaying'ono yamakona anayi ndi kutalika kwa kutalika kwake kwa 7: 4. Kuchokera kumanzere kupita kumanja, ili ndi mapangidwe ake ofanana ofanana: ofiira, oyera, ndi ofiira. Chizindikiro cha dziko la Mexico chidapangidwa pakati pa gawo loyera. Chobiriwira chikuyimira kudziyimira pawokha komanso chiyembekezo, zoyera zikuyimira mtendere ndi zikhulupiriro zachipembedzo, ndipo chofiira chimayimira mgwirizano wapadziko lonse.

Mexico ili ndi anthu okwana 106 miliyoni (2005). Mitundu yosakanikirana ya Indo-European ndi Amwenye amawerengera 90% ndi 10% ya anthu onse, motsatana. Chilankhulo chachikulu ndi Aspanya, anthu 92.6% amakhulupirira Chikatolika, ndipo 3.3% amakhulupirira Chiprotestanti.

Mexico ndi dziko lalikulu lazachuma ku Latin America, ndipo GDP yake imakhala yoyamba ku Latin America. Katundu wadziko lonse mu 2006 anali madola aku US 741.520 biliyoni, akukhala nambala 12 padziko lapansi, pamtengo wokwana madola 6901 aku US. Mexico ili ndi chuma chambiri pamigodi, pomwe siliva ndi yolemera, ndipo kutulutsa kwake kwakhala koyambirira padziko lapansi kwazaka zambiri. Amadziwika kuti "Silver Kingdom". Ndili ndi ma cubic metres 70 biliyoni a gasi, ndiye wopanga mafuta komanso wogulitsa kwambiri ku Latin America, wokhala pa 13 padziko lapansi, ndipo ali ndi udindo wofunika pachuma chaku Mexico. Nkhalangoyi imakhala ndi mahekitala 45 miliyoni, pafupifupi 1/4 ya dera lonselo. Zida zamagetsi ndizama kilowatts pafupifupi 10 miliyoni. Zakudya zam'nyanja makamaka zimaphatikizapo nsomba, nsomba, sardine, abalone, ndi zina zotero.

Makampani opanga zinthu ali ndi udindo wofunikira ku Mexico.Makampani opanga ulesi, nsalu, ndi zovala ayamba kupezanso bwino, ndipo zida zoyendera, simenti, zopangira mankhwala, ndi mafakitale amagetsi akupitilizabe kukula. Mafuta akupitilizabe kukhala achinayi padziko lapansi.Mexico ndi omwe amapanga uchi wambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndipo amatulutsa makilogalamu 60 miliyoni pachaka, ndikukhala pachinayi padziko lonse lapansi. Makumi asanu ndi anayi pa zana a uchi wopangidwa amatumizidwa kunja, ndipo ndalama zakunja zakunja zimafika pafupifupi US $ 70 miliyoni chaka chilichonse.

Dzikolo lili ndi mahekitala 35.6 miliyoni a nthaka yolimapo, ndi mahekitala 23 miliyoni a nthaka yolimapo. Mbewu zazikulu ndi chimanga, tirigu, manyuchi, soya, mpunga, thonje, khofi, koko, ndi zina zambiri. Amwenye akale a ku Mexico ankalima chimanga, motero dzikoli limadziwika kuti "kwawo chimanga." Sisal, yemwenso amadziwika kuti "golide wobiriwira", ndiwonso chuma chambiri chotsogola ku Mexico padziko lapansi, ndipo zotsatira zake ndizomwe zili pamwamba kwambiri padziko lapansi. Malo odyetserako ziweto amatenga mahekitala 79 miliyoni, makamaka kuweta ng'ombe, nkhumba, nkhosa, akavalo, nkhuku, ndi zina zotere.

Mbiri yakale ndi chikhalidwe, miyambo yapadera yam'mapiri ndi miyambo, komanso gombe lalitali zimapereka mwayi wapadera pakukula kwa zokopa alendo ku Mexico. Makampani opanga zokopa alendo, omwe amakhala woyamba ku Latin America, ndi imodzi mwazomwe zimapeza ndalama zakunja ku Mexico. Ndalama zokopa alendo mu 2001 zidafika madola 8.4 biliyoni aku US.

Mexico City: Mexico City (Ciudad de Mexico), likulu la Mexico, lili paphiri lacustrine la Lake Tescoco kumwera chakummwera kwa chigwa cha Mexico, pamtunda wamamita 2,240. Kwa zaka zambiri, madera akumatauni akupitilizabe kukulira ndikukulira madera ozungulira Mexico, ndikupanga matauni angapo amlengalenga. Moyang'anira, matawuniwa ndi a boma la Mexico, koma adalumikizidwa ndi Federal District pankhani zachuma, chikhalidwe, ndi chikhalidwe, ndikupanga dera lalikulu, kuphatikiza Mexico City ndi matauni 17 oyandikira, okhala ndi malo pafupifupi 2018 ma kilomita. Mexico City ili ndi nyengo yozizira komanso yosangalatsa, yotentha pachaka pafupifupi 18 ° C. Chaka chonse chimagawidwa nyengo zamvula ndi zowuma. Nyengo yamvula imayamba kuyambira Juni mpaka koyambirira kwa Okutobala. 75% mpaka 80% yamvula yamwaka imangokhala nthawi yamvula. Mexico City ili ndi anthu 22 miliyoni (kuphatikiza ma satellite satellite) (2005), ndipo kuchuluka kwake kukukhala koyamba m'mizinda yayikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi. Ambiri okhalamo ali ochokera ku India komanso ku America ndi Amwenye ndipo amakhulupirira Chikatolika.

Pali zoterezi pa mbendera yaku Mexico ndi chizindikiro cha dziko: chiwombankhanga cholimba chimayimirira monyadira pa nkhadze wamphamvu yokhala ndi njoka mkamwa. Izi ndi zomwe Aaziteki akale aku India adawona pomwe adapita kuchilumba china m'nyanja ya Tescoco motsogozedwa ndi mulungu wawo wankhondo zaka za m'ma 1300 zisanachitike. Mawu oti "Mexico" amachokera ku dzina loti "Mexicali" la mulungu wankhondo waku Aztec. Chifukwa chake Aaziteki adadzaza malowa ndikumanga misewu m'malo osankhidwa ndi milungu.Mu 1325 AD, mzinda wa Tinoztitlan unamangidwa, womwe udalipo m'malo mwa Mexico City. Mzindawu udalandidwa ndi anthu aku Spain mu 1521, ndipo mzindawu udawonongeka kwambiri. Pambuyo pake, atsamunda aku Spain adamanga nyumba zachifumu zambiri zaku Europe, matchalitchi, nyumba za amonke ndi nyumba zina pamabwinjawo, natcha mzindawu Mexico City ndikuutcha "Palace "Likulu" limadziwika ku Europe. Mu 1821, Mexico idakhala likulu pomwe idadziyimira pawokha. Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18, kukula kwa mzindawu kunapitilizabe kukulira. Pambuyo pa zaka za m'ma 1930, nyumba zazitali zazitali zazitali zakhala zikutuluka motsatana. Sikuti imangosunga mtundu wachikhalidwe, komanso ndi mzinda wokongola wamakono.

Mexico City ndi mzinda wakale kwambiri ku Western Hemisphere.Miyambo yakale yazikhalidwe zaku India zomwe zili mzindawo komanso kuzungulira mzindawu ndizofunika kwambiri ku Mexico komanso mbiri yachitukuko cha anthu. Anthropology Museum, yomwe ili ku Chabrtepec Park ndipo ili ndi malo okwana 125,000 mita, ndi amodzi mwa malo osungiramo zinthu zakale kwambiri komanso odziwika kwambiri ku Latin America. Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakaleyi ndi mndandanda wazikhalidwe zakale zaku India, zomwe zimafotokoza za chikhalidwe cha anthu, chiyambi cha chikhalidwe chaku Mexico, komanso mafuko, zaluso, chipembedzo, komanso moyo wama India.Pali ziwonetsero zoposa 600,000 za mbiri yakale asanafike ku Spain. Ntchito yomanga nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale imagwiritsa ntchito zikhalidwe zaku India zaluso zaluso zamakono, zomwe zikuwonetseratu zikhalidwe zazikulu za anthu aku Mexico. Piramidi ya Dzuwa ndi Mwezi, yomwe ili pamtunda wa makilomita 40 kumpoto kwa Mexico City, ndiye gawo lalikulu la zotsalira za mzinda wakale wa Teotihuacan womangidwa ndi Aaztec, ndipo ndiyonso ngale yodabwitsa kwambiri pachikhalidwe cha Aztec mpaka pano. Pyramid of the Sun ndi yayitali mamita 65 ndipo ili ndi voliyumu ya cubic metres miliyoni 1. Anali malo omwe ankalambiriramo mulungu dzuwa. Mu 1988, UNESCO yalengeza kuti ma Pyramidi a Dzuwa ndi Mwezi ndi cholowa chofanana pakati pa anthu.