Sudan, iro izere zita reRepublic of Sudan, iri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweAfrica kumahombekombe ekumadokero kweGungwa Dzvuku uye ndiyo nyika hombe muAfrica. Yakaganhurana neLibhiya, Chad, uye Central African Republic kumadokero, Congo (Kinshasa), Uganda neKenya kumaodzanyemba, Ethiopia neEritrea kumabvazuva. Kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kunogumira Gungwa Dzvuku, nemhenderekedzo yegungwa ingangoita makiromita mazana manomwe. Mazhinji enharaunda ibheseni, kumusoro kumaodzanyemba uye kwakadzika kuchamhembe. Chikamu chepakati iSudan Basin; chikamu chekuchamhembe ipuratifomu yerenje, kumabvazuva kweNire iRenje reNubian, uye kumadokero iRibya Desert; kumadokero kweCorfando Plateau uye neDafur Plateau; kumabvazuva iEast Africa Plateau uye nzvimbo yekumadokero kweEthiopia Plateau. Gomo reKinetti pamuganhu wekumaodzanyemba riri 3187 metres pamusoro pegungwa, nzvimbo yepamusoro kwazvo munyika. Rwizi rweNile runoyerera kubva kuchamhembe kuenda kumaodzanyemba. Mamiriro ekunze muSudan anosiyana zvakanyanya pasirese, kubva kune inopisa tropical mamiriro ekunze kusvika kune anonaya masango anonaya ekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kubva kuchamhembe kuenda kumaodzanyemba. Sudan ine hupfumi hwegum arabic, uye kuburitsa kwayo uye huwandu hwekunze hwehuwandu hwenyika kutanga munyika.Naizvozvo, Sudan inozivikanwa zvakare se "Gum Humambo".

Egypt yakapinda ndokugara muSudan mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechi19. Muma1870, Britain yakatanga kuwedzera muSudan. Iyo Mahdi Kingdom yakavambwa mu1885. Muna 1898, maBritish akadzokazve kutonga kweSudan. Muna 1899, "yakagovaniswa" neBritain neEgypt. Muna 1951, Egypt yakabvisa chibvumirano che "co-management". Muna 1953, Britain neEgypt vakasangana pachibvumirano chekuzvitonga kweSudan. Hurumende yakazvimiririra yakagadzwa muna 1953, uye kuzvitonga kwakaziviswa muna Ndira 1956, uye nyika yakagadzwa. Muna 1969, mauto emaNimiri akatanga kutonga uye nyika yakatumidzwa zita rekuti Democratic Republic yeSudan. Muna 1985, mauto eDahab akapidigura uye nyika ikapihwa zita rekuti Republic yeSudan.

Mureza wenyika: yakatenderera yakatenderera ine chiyero chehurefu kusvika paupamhi hwe2: 1. Rutivi rweflagpole igreen isosceles triangle, uye kurudyi mativi matatu akaenzana uye akaenzana ehupamhi mitsetse, ayo ari matsvuku, machena, uye matema zvakateedzana kubva kumusoro kusvika pasi. Tsvuku inomiririra shanduko, chena inomiririra runyararo, nhema inofananidzira vagari vekumaodzanyemba vari verudzi rwevatema rwe Africa, uye girini inomiririra Islam inotendwa nevagari vekuchamhembe.

Vagari vari mamiriyoni 35.392. General Chirungu. Vanopfuura makumi manomwe kubva muzana yevagari vanotenda muIslam, vagari vekumaodzanyemba vanonyanya kutenda muzvitendero zvechinyakare uye zvechi fetish, uye chete 5% vanotenda muchiKristu.

Sudan ndiyo imwe yenyika dzisina kusimukira pasi rose dzakaziviswa neUnited Nations. Hupfumi hweSudan hunodzorwa nekurima nekuchengetwa kwemhuka, uye huwandu hwevanhu vekurima vanosvika 80% yehuwandu hwevanhu. Zvibereko zvemari zveSudan zvakaita segum arabic, donje, nzungu uye sesame zvinotora chinzvimbo chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwekurima, mazhinji acho ari ekuendesa kunze kwenyika, achiverengera 66% yezvirimwa kunze kwenyika. Pakati pavo, chingamu chiArabic chakasimwa munzvimbo inosvika mamirioni 5.04 mahekita, iine avhareji kuburitsa pagore yematani angangoita makumi matatu, kuitisa zvikamu makumi matanhatu kubva muzana kusvika makumi masere muzana zvepasi rose kuburitswa; kuburitswa kwekotoni refu-refu inoteedzera yechipiri pasirese; kuburitswa kwenzungu kunotanga kutanga munyika dzeArabhu uye pamusoro soro; mbeu yesame Chigadzirwa chinotanga kutanga pakati penyika dzeArabhu neAfrica, uye kunze kwenyika account yehafu yepasi. Uye zvakare, zviwanikwa zveSudan zvigadzirwa zvezvipfuyo zvinotanga kutanga pakati penyika dzeArabhu uye chechipiri pakati penyika dzeAfrica.

Sudan yakapfuma nezviwanikwa, zvinosanganisira simbi, sirivheri, chromium, mhangura, manganese, goridhe, aluminium, lead, uranium, zinc, tungsten, asbestos, gypsum, mica, talc, mangoda, oiri, gasi rechisikigo nehuni. Mira. Nzvimbo yemasango ingangoita mamirioni makumi matanhatu nematanhatu mahekita, achiverengera 23.3% yenzvimbo yenyika. Sudan ine hupfumi mune zviwanikwa zvemagetsi, ine mamirioni maviri mahekita emvura yakachena.

Mumakore achangopfuura, Sudan yakagadzira indasitiri yemafuta uye mamiriro ayo ehupfumi akaenderera mberi achigadziriswa. Parizvino, Sudan yakachengetedza huwandu hwakakura hwekukura kwehupfumi pakati penyika dzemu Africa. Muna 2005, GDP yeSudan yaive 26.5 bhiriyoni emadhora ekuAmerica uye pamunhu wega GDP yaive 768.6 U.S. madhora.