[Country Profile]

Trinidad and Tobago, the full name of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, has an area of ​​5128 square kilometers. Located at the southeastern tip of the Lesser Antilles, Venezuela is across the sea from the southwest and northwest. It is composed of the two Caribbean islands of Trinidad and Tobago in the Lesser Antilles. Trinidad has an area of ​​4827 square kilometers and Tobago is 301 square kilometers. Tropical rain forest climate. The temperature is 20-30℃.

The country is divided into 8 counties, 5 cities and 1 semi-autonomous administrative region. The eight counties are St. Andrew, St. David, St. George, Caroni, Nariva, Mayaro, Victoria and St. Patrick. The 5 cities are the capital Port of Spain, San Fernando, Arema, Cape Fortin and Chaguanas. Tobago Island is a semi-autonomous administrative region.

Trinidad was originally the residence of the Arawak and Caribbean Indians. In 1498, Columbus passed near the island and declared the island to be Spanish. It was occupied by France in 1781. In 1802, it was assigned to the United Kingdom under the Treaty of Amiens. Tobago Island has gone through many competitions between the West, the Netherlands, France, and the United Kingdom. In 1812, it became a British colony under the Treaty of Paris. The two islands became a unified British colony in 1889. Internal autonomy was implemented in 1956. Joined the West Indies Federation in 1958. On August 31, 1962, he declared independence and became a member of the Commonwealth. The Queen of England was the head of state. The new constitution took effect on August 1, 1976, abolished the constitutional monarchy, reorganized into a republic, and is still a member of the Commonwealth.

National flag: It is rectangular with a ratio of length to width of 5:3. The flag ground is red. A black wide band obliquely from the upper left corner to the lower right corner divides the red flag surface into two equal right triangles. There are two thin white edges on both sides of the black wide band. Red represents the vitality of the country and the people, and also symbolizes warmth and the heat of the sun; black symbolizes the strength and dedication of the people, as well as the unity and wealth of the country; white symbolizes the future of the country and the ocean. The two triangles represent Trinidad and Tobago.

Trinidad and Tobago has a total population of 1.28 million. Among them, blacks accounted for 39.6%, Indians accounted for 40.3%, mixed races accounted for 18.4%, and the rest were of European, Chinese and Arab descent. The official language and lingua franca are English. Among the residents, 29.4% believe in Catholicism, 10.9% believe in Anglicanism, 23.8% believe in Hinduism, and 5.8% believe in Islam.

Trinidad and Tobago was originally an agricultural country, mainly sugarcane planting and sugar production. After oil production began in the 1970s, economic development accelerated. The petroleum industry has become the most important economic sector. Extraordinary resources mainly include oil and natural gas. Trinidad and Tobago also has the world's largest natural asphalt lake. The lake covers an area of ​​about 47 hectares and has an estimated reserves of 12 million tons. Industrial output value accounts for nearly 50% of GDP. Mainly oil and natural gas extraction and refining, followed by construction and manufacturing. The main manufacturing industries are fertilizer, steel, food, tobacco, etc. Trinidad and Tobago is the world's largest exporter of ammonia and methanol. Agriculture mainly grows sugar cane, coffee, cocoa, citrus, coconut and rice. 75% of food is imported. The country's arable land is about 230,000 hectares. Tourism is the third largest source of foreign exchange. In recent years, the government of Trinidad and Tobago has changed the situation where the economy relies too much on the oil industry and vigorously develops tourism.

[Main Cities]

Port of Spain: Port of Spain, the capital of Trinidad and Tobago, is a beautiful coastal garden city and deep water port. It was once reduced to a Spanish colony more than 400 years ago, and it got its name. Located on the west coast of Trinidad, West Indies. At 11 degrees north latitude, it happens to be the center of North and South America, so it is called "the center of America." The population and suburban areas total 420,000 people. The earth is near the equator and it is hot all year round. It was originally an Indian village and became the capital of Trinidad since 1774.

Urban buildings are mostly Spanish-style two-story buildings. There are also Gothic buildings with pointed arches and columns in the Middle Ages, Victorian and Georgian buildings in England, and French and Italian buildings. Palm trees and coconut groves abound in the city. There are Indian temples and Arab mosques. The Malagas Bay in the north of the city, with fine and clean beaches along the coast, is a famous beach in Central America. The Botanical Garden in the north of the city was built in 1818 and has tropical plants from all over the world.