[Country Profile]

ITrinidad neTobago, igama eligcwele leRiphabhulikhi yaseTrinidad neTobago, inendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-5128. Kutholakala eningizimu mpumalanga ye-Lesser Antilles, iVenezuela ingaphesheya kolwandle ukusuka eningizimu-ntshonalanga nasenyakatho-ntshonalanga. Yakhiwe iziqhingi ezimbili zaseCaribbean iTrinidad neTobago kuma-Lesser Antilles. ITrinidad inendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-4827 kanti iTobago inamakhilomitha-skwele angama-301. Isimo sezulu esishisayo samahlathi emvula. Izinga lokushisa lingu-20-30 ℃.

Izwe lihlukaniswe izifunda eziyi-8, amadolobha ama-5 nesifunda sokuphatha esizimele esisodwa. Izifunda eziyisishiyagalombili iSt Andrew, iSt David, iSt George, iCaroni, iNariva, iMayaro, iVictoria neSt. Amadolobha ayisihlanu ayinhloko-dolobha iPort of Spain, iSan Fernando, i-Arema, iCape Fortin neChaguanas. Isiqhingi iTobago yisifunda sokuphatha esizimele.

I-Trinidad ekuqaleni kwakuyindawo yokuhlala yamaNdiya ase-Arawak naseCaribbean. Ngo-1498, uColumbus wadlula eduze kwalesi siqhingi futhi wamemezela ukuthi lesi siqhingi yiSpanish. Kwakuhlalwa yiFrance ngo-1781. Ngo-1802, yanikezwa i-United Kingdom ngaphansi kweSivumelwano Sama-Amiens. Isiqhingi iTobago sidlule emincintiswaneni eminingi phakathi kweNtshonalanga, iNetherlands, iFrance ne-United Kingdom.Ngo-1812, senziwa isifundazwe saseBrithani ngaphansi kweSivumelwano SaseParis. Lezi ziqhingi ezimbili zaba ikoloni elihlangene laseBrithani ngo-1889. Ukuzimela kwangaphakathi kwaqaliswa ngo-1956. Ujoyine iWest Indies Federation ngo-1958. Ngo-Agasti 31, 1962, wamemezela inkululeko futhi waba yilungu le-Commonwealth.Indlovukazi yaseNgilandi yayiyinhloko yezwe. Umthethosisekelo omusha uqale ukusebenza ngo-Agasti 1, 1976, waqeda ubukhosi obabuswa ngumthethosisekelo, wahlelwa kabusha waba yi-republic, futhi uselilungu le-Commonwealth.

Ifulegi likazwelonke: Lingunxande ngesilinganiso sobude nobubanzi buka-5: 3. Ifulege lomhlaba libomvu. Ibhendi elimnyama elibanzi ngokusobala lisuka ekhoneni elingenhla elingakwesokunxele liye ekhoneni elingezansi kwesokudla lihlukanisa ifulegi elibomvu libe onxantathu ababili abalinganayo abangakwesokudla.Kunemiphetho emibili emincane emhlophe ezinhlangothini zombili zebhande elimnyama elibanzi. Okubomvu kufanekisela ubungqabavu bezwe nabantu, futhi kufanekisela imfudumalo nokushisa kwelanga; Okumnyama kufanekisela amandla nokuzinikela kwabantu, kanye nobunye nengcebo yezwe; umhlophe ufanekisela ikusasa lezwe nolwandle. Oonxantathu ababili bamele iTrinidad neTobago. I-Trinidad neTobago inabantu abangu-1.28 million. Phakathi kwabo, abamnyama babebalelwa ku-39.6%, amaNdiya abe ngu-40.3%, izinhlanga ezixubekile zenze u-18.4%, kanti ezinye zingezokudabuka e-Europe, Chinese nase-Arab. Ulimi olusemthethweni nolimi lwesiNgisi yisiNgisi. Phakathi kwabahlali, u-29.4% ukholelwa kubuKhatholika, u-10.9% ukholelwa e-Anglicanism, u-23.8% ukholelwa kubuHindu, kuthi u-5.8% ukholelwe e-Islam.

I-Trinidad neTobago ekuqaleni bekuyizwe lezolimo, ikakhulukazi ukutshala umoba nokukhiqizwa kukashukela. Ngemuva kokuthi ukukhiqizwa kukawoyela kuqale ngawo-1970, ukukhula komnotho kwashesha. Imboni kaphethiloli isiphenduke umkhakha wezomnotho obaluleke kakhulu. Izinsizakusebenza ezingejwayelekile zivame ukufaka uwoyela negesi yemvelo. ITrinidad neTobago nayo inechibi lemvelo le-asphalt elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni. Leli chibi lihlanganisa indawo engaba amahektha angama-47 futhi linokugcinwa okulinganiselwa kumathani ayizigidi eziyi-12. Inani lokukhishwa kwezimboni lisebenza cishe ngama-50% we-GDP. Kakhulu ukukhishwa kwe-oyela negesi yemvelo nokucwengisiswa, kulandelwe ukwakhiwa nokukhiqizwa. Izimboni ezinkulu zokukhiqiza umanyolo, insimbi, ukudla, ugwayi, njll. I-Trinidad neTobago ngumthengisi omkhulukazi emhlabeni jikelele we-ammonia ne-methanol. Ezolimo ikakhulukazi zitshala umoba, ikhofi, ukhokho, ezisawolintshi, ukhukhunathi nelayisi. Ukudla okungu-75% kungeniswa kwamanye amazwe. Umhlaba olimekayo wezwe ungamahektha angama-230,000. Ezokuvakasha zingumthombo wesithathu ngobukhulu wemali yakwamanye amazwe. Eminyakeni eyedlule, uhulumeni waseTrinidad naseTobago usishintshile isimo lapho umnotho uthembele kakhulu embonini kawoyela futhi uthuthuka ngamandla kwezokuvakasha.

[Main Cities]

I-Port of Spain: IPort of Spain, inhlokodolobha yaseTrinidad neTobago, iyidolobha elihle elingasogwini lolwandle kanye netheku lamanzi ajulile. Yake yenziwa ikoloni laseSpain eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-400 eyedlule, futhi yaba negama layo. Kutholakala ogwini olusentshonalanga yeTrinidad, eWest Indies. Ngamazinga ayi-11 enyakatho latitude, kwenzeka ukuba yisikhungo seNyakatho neNingizimu Melika, ngakho-ke ibizwa ngokuthi "isikhungo saseMelika". Inani labantu kanye nezindawo ezisemadolobheni angamaphesenti angama-420,000. Umhlaba useduze kwenkabazwe futhi uyashisa unyaka wonke. Ekuqaleni kwakuyidolobhana laseNdiya futhi laba yinhloko-dolobha yaseTrinidad kusukela ngo-1774.

Izakhiwo zasemadolobheni ikakhulukazi ziyizitayela ezimbili zaseSpain eziyizitezi. Kukhona nezakhiwo zamaGoth ezinamakhothamo acijile eNkathini Ephakathi, ezakhiweni zamaVictoria naseGeorgia eNgilandi, nasezindlini zaseFrance nase-Italy. Izihlahla zamasundu nezihlahla zikakhukhunathi zigcwele edolobheni. Kunamathempeli amaNdiya kanye namasonto ama-Arab. IMalagas Bay enyakatho yedolobha, inamabhishi amahle futhi ahlanzekile ngasogwini, ibhishi elidumile eMelika Ephakathi. IBotanical Garden enyakatho yedolobha yakhiwa ngo-1818 futhi inezitshalo ezishisayo ezivela kuwo wonke umhlaba.