[Country Profile]

Trinidad ndi Tobago, dzina lonse la Republic of Trinidad ndi Tobago, ili ndi dera lalikulu ma kilomita 5128. Kumwera chakum'mawa chakum'mawa kwa Little Antilles, Venezuela ili kutsidya kwa nyanja kuchokera kumwera chakumadzulo komanso kumpoto chakumadzulo. Amapangidwa ndi zilumba ziwiri zaku Caribbean za Trinidad ndi Tobago ku The Lesser Antilles. Trinidad ili ndi dera lalikulu 4827 ma kilomita ndipo Tobago ili ndi 301 ma kilomita. Nyengo yam'madera otentha. Kutentha ndi 20-30 ℃.

Dzikoli lagawidwa m'matauni 8, mizinda 5 ndi dera limodzi lokha lodziyimira palokha. Madera asanu ndi atatuwa ndi St. Andrew, St. David, St. George, Caroni, Nariva, Mayaro, Victoria ndi St. Patrick. Mizinda isanu ndi likulu la Port of Spain, San Fernando, Arema, Cape Fortin ndi Chaguanas. Chilumba cha Tobago ndi dera loyendetsa lokha lokha.

Trinidad poyamba anali nyumba ya Amwenye a Arawak ndi Caribbean. Mu 1498, Columbus adadutsa pafupi ndi chisumbucho ndipo adalengeza kuti chilumbachi ndi Chisipanishi. Inalandidwa ndi France mu 1781. Mu 1802, idaperekedwa ku United Kingdom motsogozedwa ndi Pangano la Amiens. Chilumba cha Tobago chapyola mipikisano yambiri pakati pa West, Netherlands, France, ndi United Kingdom.Mu 1812, chidasandulika dziko la Britain motsogozedwa ndi Pangano la Paris. Zilumba ziwirizi zidakhala gulu logwirizana la Britain ku 1889. Kudziyimira pawokha kunachitika mu 1956. Adalowa nawo West Indies Federation mu 1958. Kudziyimira pawokha kudalengezedwa pa Ogasiti 31, 1962 ndikukhala membala wa Commonwealth, Mfumukazi yaku England ngati mtsogoleri waboma. Lamulo latsopanoli lidayamba kugwira ntchito pa Ogasiti 1, 1976, kuthetseratu mafumu, ndikukonzanso kukhala republic, ndipo akadali membala wa Commonwealth.

Mbendera yadziko: Ndi yaying'ono yamakona anayi ndi kutalika kwa kutalika kwake 5: 3 Mbendera yakuda ndi yofiira. Gulu lakuda lakuda loyenda mozungulira kuchokera pakona yakumanzere kupita pakona yakumanja imagawa mbendera yofiira kukhala ma katatu osanjikizana ofanana. Pali mbali ziwiri zoyera mbali zonse ziwiri za gulu lakuda lakuda. Chofiira chimayimira mphamvu ya dzikolo ndi anthu, komanso chikuyimira kutentha ndi kutentha kwa dzuwa; chakuda chikuyimira mphamvu ndi kudzipereka kwa anthu, komanso mgwirizano ndi chuma cha dzikolo; zoyera zikuyimira tsogolo la dzikolo ndi nyanja. Makona atatuwa akuimira Trinidad ndi Tobago.

Trinidad ndi Tobago ali ndi anthu 1,28 miliyoni. Mwa iwo, akuda anali 39.6%, Amwenye anali ndi 40.3%, mitundu yosakanikirana inali 18.4%, ndipo ena onse anali ochokera ku Europe, China ndi Arab. Chilankhulo chovomerezeka komanso lingua franca ndi Chingerezi. Mwa okhalamo, 29.4% amakhulupirira Chikatolika, 10.9% amakhulupirira Anglicanism, 23.8% amakhulupirira Chihindu, ndipo 5.8% amakhulupirira Chisilamu.

Trinidad ndi Tobago poyambirira anali dziko laulimi, makamaka kubzala nzimbe ndi kupanga shuga. Mafuta atayamba kupezeka m'ma 1970, chitukuko cha zachuma chidakula. Makampani opanga mafuta akhala gawo lofunika kwambiri pachuma. Zida zodabwitsa makamaka zimaphatikizapo mafuta ndi gasi wachilengedwe. Trinidad ndi Tobago ilinso ndi nyanja yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Nyanjayi ili ndi mahekitala pafupifupi 47 ndipo ali ndi matani pafupifupi 12 miliyoni. Kutulutsa kwamakampani kumawerengera pafupifupi 50% ya GDP. Makamaka mafuta ndi gasi amatulutsa ndikuyeretsa, kenako ndikumanga ndi kupanga. Makampani opanga kwambiri ndi feteleza, chitsulo, chakudya, fodya, ndi zina zambiri. Trinidad ndi Tobago ndi omwe amagulitsa kunja kwambiri ammonia ndi methanol. Agriculture imalima nzimbe, khofi, koko, zipatso, kokonati ndi mpunga. Zakudya 75% zimatumizidwa kunja. Malo olimapo mdziko muno ali pafupifupi mahekitala 230,000. Ntchito zokopa alendo ndi njira yachitatu yayikulu yosinthira ndalama zakunja. M'zaka zaposachedwa, boma la Trinidad ndi Tobago lasintha momwe chuma chimadalira kwambiri msika wamafuta ndikulimbikitsa mwamphamvu zokopa alendo.

[Main Cities]

Port of Spain: Port of Spain, likulu la Trinidad ndi Tobago, ndi mzinda wokongola wamaluwa wam'mbali mwa nyanja komanso doko lakuya lamadzi. Poyamba idasandulika dziko la Spain zaka zoposa 400 zapitazo, ndipo adadzipatsa dzina loti. Ili pagombe lakumadzulo kwa Trinidad, West Indies. Pa madigiri 11 kumpoto, umakhala pakatikati pa North ndi South America, chifukwa chake amatchedwa "likulu la America." Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi madera akumatawuni ndi anthu 420,000. Dziko lapansi lili pafupi ndi equator ndipo kumatentha chaka chonse. Poyamba unali mudzi waku India ndipo udakhala likulu la Trinidad kuyambira 1774.

Nyumba zamatauni ndizamalo okhala ndi zipinda ziwiri zosanja zaku Spain. Palinso nyumba zachi Gothic zokhala ndi zipilala zosongoka ndi zipilala ku Middle Ages, nyumba za a Victoria ndi aku Georgia ku England, ndi nyumba zaku France ndi Italy. Mitengo ya kanjedza ndi minda ya coconut ndizochuluka mumzinda. Pali akachisi aku India komanso mzikiti zachiarabu. Malagas Bay kumpoto kwa mzindawu, ndi magombe abwino komanso oyera m'mbali mwa gombe, ndi gombe lodziwika bwino ku Central America. Botanical Garden kumpoto kwa mzindawu idamangidwa mu 1818 ndipo ili ndi zomera zotentha zochokera konsekonse padziko lapansi.