I-Andorra Imininingwane Eyisisekelo
| Isikhathi sendawo | Isikhathi sakho |
|---|---|
|
|
|
| Izoni yesikhathi yasendaweni | Umehluko wendawo |
| UTC/GMT +1 ihora |
| ububanzi / ubude |
|---|
| 42°32'32"N / 1°35'48"E |
| ukufaka ikhodi kwe-iso |
| AD / AND |
| imali |
| Andorra (EUR) |
| Ulimi |
| Catalan (official) French Castilian Portuguese |
| ugesi |
 Thayipha c European 2-pin Uhlobo lweF-plug Shuko |
| ifulegi lesizwe |
|---|
 |
| inhlokodolobha |
| I-Andorra la Vella |
| uhlu lwamabhange |
| I-Andorra uhlu lwamabhange |
| inani labantu |
| 84,000 |
| indawo |
| 468 KM2 |
| GDP (USD) |
| 4,800,000,000 |
| ifoni |
| 39,000 |
| Umakhalekhukhwini |
| 65,000 |
| Inani labasingathi be-Intanethi |
| 28,383 |
| Inani labasebenzisi be-Intanethi |
| 67,100 |
I-Andorra isingeniso
|
I-Andorra isendaweni eseningizimu yeYurophu engenawo umngcele lapho kuhlangana iFrance neSpain, esigodini sePyrenees esempumalanga, ehlanganisa indawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-468. Indawo esensimini imangelengele, ephakeme ngamamitha angaphezu kwama-900. Indawo ephakeme kunazo zonke iComa Petrosa Peak ebangeni elingamamitha angama-2946. Umfula omkhulu kunayo yonke, uMfula iValila, ungamakhilomitha angama-63 ubude. I-Andorra inesimo sezulu esinezintaba, nobusika obude obubandayo ezindaweni eziningi, nezinyanga eziyi-8 zeqhwa ezintabeni, nehlobo elomile nelipholile. Ulimi olusemthethweni isiCatalan, isiFulentshi neSpanishi zisetshenziswa kakhulu, futhi iningi lezakhamizi likholelwa kubuKhatholika. I-Andorra, ebizwa ngokuthi yi-Principality of Andorra ngegama layo eligcwele, iyizwe elingavinjelwe eningizimu yeYurophu elisempambanweni yeFrance neSpain. Itholakala esigodini esisengxenyeni esempumalanga yePyrenees, ehlanganisa indawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-468. Indawo esensimini imangele, enamamitha angaphezu kuka-900, kanti indawo ephakeme kakhulu, iComa Petrosa, ingamamitha angu-2,946 ngaphezu kolwandle. Umfula omkhulu kunayo yonke, iValila, ungamakhilomitha angama-63 ubude. I-Andorra inesimo sezulu esinezintaba, nobusika obude obubandayo ezindaweni eziningi nezinyanga eziyi-8 zeqhwa ezintabeni; ihlobo elomile nelipholile. I-Andorra kwakuyisimo esincane se-buffer esasungulwa yiCharlemagne Empire endaweni yomngcele waseSpain ngekhulu lesi-9 ukuvimbela amaMoor ekuhlukunyezweni. Ngaphambi kwekhulu le-13, iFrance neSpain babevame ukungqubuzana ne-Andorra. Ngo-1278, abaseFrance nabaseNtshonalanga baphothula isivumelwano sokuthula, esalandela ngokulandelana amandla okuphatha namandla ezenkolo phezu kwe-Andorra. Emakhulwini eminyaka alandela, ukungqubuzana phakathi kweFrance neSpain kweAndorra kwaqhubeka kwenzeka. Ngo-1789, umthetho wake wakhipha amandla phezu kuka-Ann. Ngo-1806, uNapoleon wakhipha isimemezelo esihlonipha ilungelo lika-Ann lokusinda, futhi ubuhlobo phakathi kwala mazwe womabili babuyiselwa. I-Andorra ayizange ibandakanyeke ezimpini zomhlaba ezimbili, futhi isimo sayo sezepolitiki besizinzile uma kuqhathaniswa. NgoJanuwari 4, 1982, ukuguqulwa kohlelo kwenziwa, futhi amandla okuphatha aguqulwa asuka ephalamende aya kuhulumeni. Ngo-Mashi 14, 1993, u-Andorra waphasisa umthethosisekelo omusha ngereferendamu futhi waba umbuso ozimele. Ifulegi likazwelonke: Lingunxande elinesilinganiso sobude nobubanzi obungu-3: 2. Ingaphezulu lefulegi lakhiwe ngonxande abathathu abaqondile futhi abalinganayo, ukusuka kwesobunxele kuye kwesokudla ngemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ephuzi nokubomvu, kuphawulwe uphawu lwesizwe maphakathi. Abantu abangu-76,875 abavela e-Andorra (2004). Phakathi kwabo, ama-Andorrans alinganiselwa ku-35.7%, wobuzwe beCatalan. Iningi labantu bokufika bangaphandle iSpanish, kulandele abasePutukezi nabaseFrance. Ulimi olusemthethweni isiCatalan, futhi kusetshenziswa kakhulu isiFulentshi neSpanishi. Izakhamizi eziningi zikholelwa kubuKhatholika. Ngaphambi kweminyaka yama-1960, izakhamizi zase-Andorra zazibandakanyeka kakhulu ekufuyeni nasekulimeni, ikakhulukazi ukufuya izinkomo nezimvu nokutshala amazambane nogwayi; kamuva, kancane kancane baphendukela kwezentengiselwano nakwezokuvakasha, futhi nentuthuko yabo yezomnotho yayizinzile. I-Andorra ayinayo imali ekhokhwayo, ayikho imali kazwelonke, kanti ama-pesetas aseSpain nama-French franc asetshenziswa ngaphakathi ezweni. I-Andorra La Vella: I-Andorra La Vella, inhloko-dolobha ye-Principality yase-Andorra (Andorra La Vella) iyinhloko-dolobha ye-Principality yase-Andorra. Isesigodini soMfula iValila emagqumeni ezintaba ze-Anklia eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Andorra. UMfula iValila ugeleza unqamule edolobheni. Ngendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-59, i-Andorra la Vella idolobha lezivakashi elinesitayela sangeNkathi Ephakathi. I-Andorra la Vella yathuthukiswa ngemuva kweminyaka yama-1930. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kwakhiwe indawo entsha yasemadolobheni namanye amafektri akhiqiza izidingo zansuku zonke nezimpahla zabavakashi. Izitolo ezisedolobheni zinezimpahla ezahlukahlukene. Ngenxa yenqubomgomo yokungakhokhiswa intela, i-Andorra la Vella isiphenduke isikhungo sokuthengisa semikhiqizo yaseYurophu neyase-Asia. Zonke izinhlobo zemikhiqizo yomkhiqizo odumile nezakhiwo ezilula nezinhle zivame ukwenza izivakashi zihlale isikhathi eside. Isakhiwo esivelele kunazo zonke e-Andorra la Vella yi-Andorra Tower, eyakhiwa ngo-1508, lapho kutholakala khona iphalamende, uhulumeni nezinkantolo. Ngaphezulu komnyango omkhulu wesakhiwo, kufakwe uphawu olukhulu lwesizwe olwenziwe ngemabula.Amaphethini aqoshwe kulo afaka iribhoni le-Count of Foix, isigqoko sombhishobhi nentonga yombhishobhi wendawo wase-Ugher, nemiqhele emibili yenkosi yaseNavarre. Lawa maphethini achaza umlando oyingqayizivele wobukhulu be-Andorra. Esontweni elixhunywe kulesi sakhiwo kunefulegi lase-Andorran elihlaza okwesibhakabhaka, elibomvu nephuzi. I-Andorra la Vella inelabhulali, umnyuziyamu nesibhedlela. |