Ana kiran Faransa Jamhuriyar Faransa. Faransa tana cikin yammacin Turai, tana iyaka da Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Jamus, Italia, Spain, Andorra, da Monaco, tana fuskantar United Kingdom ta ƙetare La Manche Strait zuwa arewa maso yamma, kuma tana iyaka da Tekun Arewa, Kogin Ingilishi, Tekun Atlantika da Bahar Rum. Corsica ita ce tsibiri mafi girma a Faransa. Yankin yana da tsawo a kudu maso gabas da ƙasa a arewa maso yamma, tare da filayen da ke da kashi biyu bisa uku na duka yankin. Manyan tsaunukan tsaunuka sune Alps da Pyrenees. Mont Blanc a kan iyakar Faransa da Italiya tana da mita 4810 sama da matakin teku, mafi girma a cikin Turai. Babban kogunan sune Loire (kilomita 1010), da Rhone (812 km), da Seine (kilomita 776). Yammacin Faransa yana da yanayin yanayin teku mai zurfin teku, kudu yana da yanayin yankin Bahar Rum, kuma tsakiya da gabashin yankuna suna da yanayin nahiya.

Faransa tana da yanki kilomita murabba'i 551,600, kuma an raba ƙasar zuwa yankuna, larduna, da ƙananan hukumomi. Lardin yana da yankuna na musamman da ƙananan hukumomi, amma ba yankuna masu mulki ba. Yankin shi ne bangaren shari'a da na zabe. Faransa tana da yankuna 22, larduna 96, lardunan ƙasashen waje 4, yankuna ƙasashen ƙetare 4, da yankin gudanarwa na 1 masu matsayi na musamman. Akwai kananan hukumomi 36,679 a cikin kasar.

Yankunan 22 na Faransa sune: Alsace, Aquitaine, Auvergne, Bourgogne, Brittany, Yankin Tsakiya, Champagne-Ardenne, Corsica, Fran Shi-Conte, Yankin Paris, Lancédoc-Roussion, Limousin, Lorraine, Midi-Pyrénées, Nord-Calais, Norananan Normandy, Upper Normandy, Loire, Picardy, Boitou-Charentes, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Rhone-Alpes.

A tsakiyar karni na 17, masarautar Faransa ta kai kololuwa. Tare da bunƙasa da ikon bourgeoisie, juyin juya halin Faransa ya ɓarke ​​a cikin 1789, ya kawar da tsarin sarauta, kuma ya kafa Jamhuriya ta Farko a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 1792. A Nuwamba 9, 1799 (Fog Moon 18), Napoleon Bonaparte ya karɓi mulki kuma ya ayyana kansa sarki a 1804, yana kafa Daular Farko. Juyin juya halin ya barke a watan Fabrairu 1848 kuma aka kafa Jamhuriya ta biyu. A cikin 1851, Shugaba Louis Bonaparte ya ƙaddamar da juyin mulki kuma ya kafa Daular ta Biyu a cikin Disamba shekara mai zuwa. Bayan an kayar da shi a yakin Franco-Prussian a 1870, an kafa Jamhuriya ta Uku a watan Satumban 1871 har sai da gwamnatin Faransa Petain ta mika wuya ga Jamus a watan Yunin 1940, kuma Jamhuriya ta Uku ta fadi. Jamus ta mamaye Faransa a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Farko da na Biyu. An sanar da gwamnatin rikon kwarya a watan Yunin 1944, kuma aka zartar da Tsarin Mulki a 1946, aka kafa Jamhuriya ta Hudu. A watan Satumba na shekarar 1958, aka zartar da sabon kundin tsarin mulki kuma aka kafa Jamhuriya ta Biyar Charles de Gaulle, Pompidou, Destin, Mitterrand, Chirac, da Sarkozy sun yi shugabanci.

Tutar ƙasa: Tutar Faransa tana da murabba'i mai raɗaɗi zuwa tsawo na 3: 2. Tutar tuta tana ƙunshe da murabba'i mai layi uku daidai, daga hagu zuwa dama cikin shuɗi, fari, da ja. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa na tutar Faransa, mafi wakilci a cikinsu shine: yayin juyin juya halin burikan Faransa a 1789, Jami'an Tsaro na Paris sun yi amfani da tutar shuɗi, fari, da ja a matsayin tutar ƙungiyarta. Fari a tsakiyar yana wakiltar sarki kuma yana nuna matsayin mai tsarki na sarki; ja da shuɗi suna garesu biyu, suna wakiltar 'yan asalin Paris; a lokaci guda, waɗannan launuka ukun suna wakiltar gidan sarautar Faransa da ƙawancen Paris bourgeoisie. An kuma ce tutar mai tricolor alama ce ta Juyin Juya Halin Faransa, wanda ke wakiltar 'yanci, daidaito, da kuma' yan uwantaka.

Yawan mutanen Faransa ya kai 63,392,100 (ya zuwa 1 ga Janairun 2007), gami da 'yan kasashen waje miliyan 4, wanda miliyan 2 daga kasashen EU ne, kuma bakin haure sun kai miliyan 4.9, wanda ya kai kashi 8.1% na yawan mutanen kasar . Janar Faransanci. 62% na mazauna sun yi imani da Katolika, 6% sun yi imani da Musulmai, da ƙananan adadin Furotesta, Yahudanci, Buddha, da Krista na Orthodox, kuma 26% suna da'awar cewa ba su da imanin addini.

Faransa tana da ci gaban tattalin arziki. A shekarar 2006, yawan kudin da kasar ta samu ya kai dalar Amurka biliyan 2,153.746, wanda shine na shida a duniya, tare da kimar kowane mutum dalar Amurka $ 35,377. Manyan sassan masana'antu sun hada da hakar ma'adinai, karafa, karafa, kera motoci, da gina jirgi. Sabbin fannonin masana'antu kamar makamashin nukiliya, sinadarai masu amfani da ruwa, bunkasa ruwa, jiragen sama da sararin samaniya sun bunkasa cikin sauri a 'yan shekarun nan, kuma rabonsu da darajar fitowar masana'antu na ci gaba da karuwa. Koyaya, masana'antar masana'antu ta gargajiya har yanzu ta mamaye masana'antar, tare da ƙarfe, motoci, da gini a matsayin ginshiƙai uku. Rabon masana'antar manyan makarantu a cikin tattalin arzikin Faransa na ƙaruwa kowace shekara. Aya daga cikinsu, yawan kasuwancin sadarwar, bayanai, sabis na yawon buɗe ido da ɓangarorin sufuri ya ƙaru sosai, kuma ma'aikatan masana'antar ba da sabis sun kai kimanin kashi 70% na yawan ƙwadago.

Kasuwancin Faransanci ya haɓaka ci gaba, kuma mafi yawan abin da ke samarda kuɗaɗen shiga shine sayar da abinci. Faransa ita ce ƙasa mafi girma a cikin agriculturalungiyar Tarayyar Turai kuma ita ce babbar mai fitar da kayayyakin amfanin gona da kayan gona a duniya. Noman abinci ya kai kashi daya bisa uku na yawan abincin da ake samarwa a Turai, kuma fitar da kayan gona shine na biyu bayan Amurka a duniya. Faransa sananniyar ƙasa ce mai yawon buɗe ido, tana karɓar kimanin sama da baƙi miliyan 70 na baƙi a kowace shekara, waɗanda suka zarta yawan jama'arta. Babban birni, Paris, wuraren shakatawa a gefen Bahar Rum da Tekun Atlantika, da tsaunukan tsaunuka duk wuraren jan hankali ne. Wasu sanannun gidajen tarihi a Faransa suna ɗauke da kyawawan al'adun duniya. Faransa ita ma babbar kasa ce ta kasuwanci a duniya, a cikin su, ruwan inabi sananne ne a duniya, kuma fitar da giya ya kai rabin kayan da ake fitarwa a duniya.Bugu da kari, kayan Faransanci, na Faransa, da turaren Faransa duk sanannu ne a duniya.

Bayanan nishadi

Mutanen Faransa suna son cuku, saboda haka ana jin tatsuniyoyi iri-iri game da cuku da baki, kuma an adana su shekaru da yawa.

Normandy, a arewa maso yammacin Faransa, gida ne ga ƙasar da ta fi amfani a Faransa, inda dabbobin ke zaune a ƙasar da ta fi amfani. Ciyawar ciyawa kore ce kuma ’ya’yan itacen suna da yawa.Ko da hunturu ta zo, har yanzu akwai koren idanu da shanu da tumaki marasa adadi. Abin da aka samar a nan babu shakka wakilin samfurin cuku na Faransa ne, kuma sanannensa a fagen abinci bai zama ƙasa da na na zamani Louis Vuitton jakunkunan fata da na Chanel ba.

Cukuyen Camembert suna da dadadden tarihi a wannan yankin, ya fi ƙarni biyu yawa, kuma koyaushe yana kula da ƙirar gargajiya. A cewar tatsuniya, wata baƙuwar mace ta karɓi girke-girke na Brie cheese jim kaɗan bayan ɓarkewar juyin juya halin Faransa a 1791 kuma ta karɓi firist da ya tsere a gonarta. Wannan matar manoma ta haɗu da yanayin gida da ta'addanci na Normandy bisa girke-girke, kuma a ƙarshe ta samar da cuku CAMEMBERT, wanda ya zama sanannen cuku a Faransa. Ta isar da sirrin girkin ga 'yarta. Daga baya, wani mutum mai suna Ridel ya ba da shawarar a saka cuku Cemembert a cikin akwatunan katako don ɗauka cikin sauƙi, don haka aka fitar da shi ko'ina cikin duniya.

Paris: Paris, babban birnin Faransa, shine birni mafi girma a nahiyar Turai kuma ɗayan manyan biranen duniya. Paris tana arewacin Faransa.Rashin Seine ya ratsa cikin garin kuma yana da yawan mutane miliyan 2.15 (ya zuwa 1 ga Janairun 2007), gami da miliyan 11.49 a cikin birni da kewayenta. Birnin da kansa yana tsakiyar cibiyar Basin ta Paris kuma yana da ɗan ƙaramin yanayi na teku, ba tare da tsananin zafin rana a lokacin rani da tsananin sanyi a lokacin sanyi ba.

Paris ita ce birni mafi girma na masana'antu da kasuwanci a Faransa. Yankunan birni na arewa galibi yankunan masana'antu ne. Ayyukan masana'antu da aka haɓaka sun haɗa da motoci, kayan lantarki, sunadarai, magani, da abinci. Samar da kayayyakin alatu shine na biyu, kuma yafi maida hankali ne a cikin yankunan gari; samfuran sun haɗa da kayan ƙarfe masu daraja, kayayyakin fata, ainti, tufafi, da dai sauransu. Yankin birni na waje ya ƙware wajen samar da kayan ɗaki, takalma, kayan aikin daidaito, kayan kida na gani, da dai sauransu. Fim ɗin fim a cikin Babban yankin Paris (Metropolitan) yana da kashi uku cikin huɗu na jimlar yawan fim ɗin a Faransa.

Paris ita ce cibiyar al'adun Faransanci da ilimantarwa, kazalika sanannen birni ne na al'adu a duniya. Sanannen Makarantar Faransa ta Faransa, Jami'ar Paris, da Cibiyar Nazarin Ilimin Kimiyya duk suna cikin Paris. Jami'ar Paris na ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin jami'o'i a duniya, wanda aka kafa a 1253. Hakanan akwai cibiyoyin bincike na ilimi da yawa, dakunan karatu, gidajen tarihi, gidajen kallo, da sauransu a cikin Paris. Akwai dakunan karatu 75 a cikin Paris, kuma laburarenta na kasar Sin shi ne mafi girma. An kafa gidan tarihin a 1364-1380 kuma yana da tarin littattafai miliyan 10.

Paris mashahurin birni ne na tarihi da ke da wurare masu ban sha'awa, kamar Hasumiyar Eiffel, Arc de Triomphe, Fadar Elysee, Fadar Versailles, Louvre, Place de la Concorde, Katolika na Notre Dame, da George Pompidou Al'adu da Fasaha na Nationalasa Cibiyar, da dai sauransu, wuri ne da masu yawon bude ido na cikin gida da na kasashen waje ke dadewa. A ɓangarorin biyu na kyakkyawan Kogin Seine, wuraren shakatawa da wuraren kore suna da ɗigo, kuma gadoji 32 sun ratsa kogin, hakan ya sa shimfidar shimfidar kan kogin ta ƙara kyau da launuka. Tsibirin birni a tsakiyar kogin shine shimfiɗar jariri da mahaifar Faris.

Marseille: Marseille ita ce birni na biyu mafi girma a Faransa kuma mafi girma tashar jirgin ruwa, tare da yawan birane na mutane miliyan 1.23. Garin yana kewaye da duwatsu masu daraja a bangarori uku, tare da kyawawan wurare da yanayi mai daɗi. Marseille tana kusa da Tekun Bahar Rum a kudu maso gabas, tare da ruwa mai zurfin da babbar tashar jiragen ruwa, babu hanzari da hanzari, kuma jiragen ruwa masu nauyin tan 10,000 zasu iya wucewa ba tare da wata matsala ba. Kogin Rhône da kwari masu fadi a yamma suna da alaƙa da Arewacin Turai. Matsayin ƙasa daban ne kuma ita ce babbar hanyar da kasuwancin Faransa ke shigowa. Marseille muhimmiyar cibiya ce ta masana'antu a Faransa, inda kashi 40% na masana'antun sarrafa mai a Faransa ke mai da hankali.Akwai manyan matatun mai 4 a yankin Foss-Talbor, waɗanda ke iya sarrafa tan miliyan 45 na mai kowace shekara. Masana'antar gyaran jirgi a Marseille ma ta bunkasa sosai.Girman gyaran jirgin nasa ya kai kashi 70% na wannan masana'antar a cikin kasar, kuma zai iya gyara jirgi mafi girma a duniya - tankar tan-tan 800,000.

Marseille kusan ita ce birni mafi tsufa a Faransa. An gina ta a ƙarni na 6 kafin haihuwar Yesu kuma ta shiga cikin yankin Roman a ƙarni na 1. Kafin ƙaruwarta, ya kusan ɓacewa, kuma ya sake tashi a ƙarni na 10. A cikin 1832, yawan tashar jiragen ruwa ya kasance na biyu kawai zuwa London da Liverpool a Ingila, ta zama tashar ta uku mafi girma a duniya a wannan lokacin. A lokacin Juyin Juya Halin Faransa a cikin 1792, Maasai sun yi maci zuwa cikin Paris suna waƙar "Yakin Rhine", kuma mawaƙar da suke da ita ta sa mutane su yi gwagwarmayar neman 'yanci. Wannan waƙar daga baya ta zama taken ƙasar Faransa kuma ana kiranta "Marseille". A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, jiragen yakin Faransa da suka taru a tashar sun ki mika wuya ga 'yan Nazi na Jamus kuma dukkansu sun nitse Marseille ta sake girgiza duniya.

Irin giyar Bordeaux da samarwa suna daga cikin mafi kyau a duniya, kuma tarihin fitarwa yana da ƙarni da yawa. Akwai masana'antun noman innabi da masu samar da ruwan inabi 13,957 a yankin tare da samun ribar biliyan 13.5, wanda kuma fitar da ita ta kai fran biliyan 4.1. Aquitaine na ɗaya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin masana'antar kera sararin samaniya a Turai, tare da ma'aikata dubu 20 kai tsaye suke kera masana'antar kera sararin samaniya, ma'aikata 8,000 da ke aiki da sarrafawa, manyan kamfanoni 18, 30 na samar da shuke-shuke. Wannan yankin ya kasance na uku a cikin fitarwa da samfuran jirgin saman Faransa. Bugu da kari, masana'antun lantarki, sinadarai, masana'antun saka da na tufafi a yankin Aquitaine suma sun bunkasa sosai; akwai wadatattun katako da kuma karfin sarrafa kayan fasaha.