A na-akpọ France French Republic. France di na odida anyanwu Europe, ka ya na Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Germany, Italy, Spain, Andorra, na Monaco chere ihu na United Kingdom gafee La Manche Strait ruo na northwest, ma gafee North Sea, the English Channel, Atlantic Ocean na Mediterenian. Corsica bụ agwaetiti buru ibu na France. Ala ahụ dị elu na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ ma dị ala n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ, ebe ala dị larịị ruru ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ngụkọta mpaghara ahụ. Ugwu ndị bụ́ isi bụ Alps na Pyrenees. Mont Blanc nke dị na ókèala France na istali dị mita 4810 n’elu oke osimiri, ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu na Europe. Isi osimiri ndị ahụ bụ Loire (1010 km), Rhone (812 km), na Seine (776 km). Akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke France nwere ihu igwe nwere oke okpuru oke osimiri, akụkụ ndịda nwere ihu igwe Mediterranean, na mpaghara etiti na ọwụwa anyanwụ nwere ihu igwe kọntinent.

France nwere mpaghara nke kilomita 551,600, ma kewaa mba ahụ na mpaghara, ógbè, na ọchịchị obodo. Gbè ahụ nwere mpaghara na mpaghara pụrụ iche, mana ọ bụghị mpaghara nchịkwa. Gbè ahụ bụ ngalaba ikpe na ntuli aka. France nwere mpaghara 22, mpaghara 96, mpaghara 4 nke esenidụt, ókèala 4 nke esenidụt, na mpaghara mpaghara mpaghara 1 nwere ọnọdụ pụrụ iche. E nwere obodo 36,679 na mba ahụ.

Mpaghara 22 nke France bụ: Alsace, Aquitaine, Auvergne, Bourgogne, Brittany, Central Region, Champagne-Ardenne, Corsica, Fran Shi-Conte, mpaghara Paris, Lancédoc-Roussion, Limousin, Lorraine, Midi-Pyrénées, Nord-Calais, Lower Normandy, Upper Normandy, Loire, Picardy, Boitou-Charentes, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Rhone-Alpes.

Ndị Gauls biri ebe a na BC. Na narị afọ nke 1 BC, Gallic gọvanọ nke Rome, Siza, weghaara ókèala Gallic dum, Rome chịkwara ya afọ 500. Na narị afọ nke ise AD, ndị Frank meriri Gaul ma guzobe alaeze Frank. Mgbe narị afọ nke iri gachara, ọha na eze na-eme ngwa ngwa mepụtara ngwa ngwa. Na 1337, eze Britain chọsiri ike ocheeze France na "Afọ Iri Afọ" malitere. N’oge mbụ, ndị Briten wakporo nnukwu ala dị na France wee jide Eze France, ka oge na-aga, ndị France lụrụ agha megide mwakpo ma mechaa Agha Narị Afọ na 1453. Site na njedebe nke narị afọ nke 15 ruo na mmalite nke narị afọ nke 16, e guzobere ala etiti.

N'etiti narị afọ nke 17, ọchịchị ndị ọchịchị France rutere elu ya. Site na mmepe nke ike bourgeois, Mgbanwe Ọchịchị France malitere na 1789, kagburu ọchịchị ndị eze, ma guzobe Republic mbụ na September 22, 1792. Na Nọvemba 9, 1799 (Fog Moon 18), Napoleon Bonaparte weghaara ọchịchị wee kpọsaa onwe ya eze na 1804, guzobe alaeze mbu. Ngbanwe a malitere na February 1848 ma e guzobe Republic nke Abụọ. Na 1851, Onye isi ala Louis Bonaparte malitere igba egbe ma guzobe Alaeze Ukwu nke Abụọ na Disemba afọ na-eso ya. Mgbe e merisịrị ya na Franco-Prussian War na 1870, e guzobere atọ Republic na Septemba 1871 ruo mgbe gọọmentị French Petain nyefere German na June 1940, nke atọ Republic wee daa. France wakporo France n’oge Agha Firstwa Mbụ na nke Abụọ. E kwupụtara ọchịchị oge na June 1944, ma wepụta Iwu na 1946, guzobe Fourth Republic. Na Septemba 1958, e mere iwu ọhụrụ wee hiwe Fifth Republic. Charles de Gaulle, Pompidou, Destin, Mitterrand, Chirac na Sarkozy rụrụ ọrụ dịka ndị isi ala.

Ọkọlọtọ mba: Ọkọlọtọ ndị France bụ akụkụ anọ ya na nrịgo ogologo na obosara nke 3: 2. Ọkọlọtọ elu nwere ihu atọ na nha anya kwụ ọtọ, site n'aka ekpe gaa n'aka nri na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, ọcha, na ọbara ọbara. Enwere ọtụtụ isi mmalite nke ọkọlọtọ French, nke kachasị nnọchi anya ya bụ: n'oge mgbanwe bourgeois nke French na 1789, ndị Paris National Guard jiri ọkọlọtọ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, ọcha, na ọbara ọbara. White dị n'etiti na-anọchi anya eze ma gosipụta ọnọdụ dị nsọ nke eze; acha uhie uhie na acha anụnụ anụnụ dị n'akụkụ abụọ, na-anọchite anya ụmụ amaala nke Paris; n'otu oge ahụ, agba atọ a na-anọchite anya ezinụlọ ndị France na njikọta nke Paris bourgeoisie. A na-ekwukwa na ọkọlọtọ tricolor bụ ihe nnọchianya nke mgbanwe French, na-anọchite anya nnwere onwe, ịha nhata, na òtù ụmụnna.

Ọnụ ọgụgụ mba nke France bụ 63,392,100 (dịka nke Jenụwarị 1, 2007), gụnyere nde mmadụ 4 si mba ọzọ, nke nde 2 si mba EU, ndị kwagara mba ọzọ ruru nde 4.9, na-echekwa 8.1% nke ngụkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mba ahụ . General French. 62% nke ndị bi na ya kwenyere na Katọlik, 6% kwenyere na ndị Alakụba, yana obere ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị Protestant, okpukpe ndị Juu, okpukpe Buddha, na ndị Ọtọdọks, na 26% na-ekwu na ha enweghị nkwenkwe okpukpe.

France nwere akụ na ụba emepe emepe Na 2006, nnukwu ngwaahịa mba ahụ bụ ijeri US $ 2,153.746, nke isii dị na ụwa, yana ọnụ ahịa onye isi ọ bụla bụ US $ 35,377. Industriallọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ndị bụ isi gụnyere nsị, nkà mmụta banyere ígwè, ígwè, imepụta ụgbọala, na ịrụ ụgbọ mmiri. Ngalaba ulo oru ohuru dika ike nuklia, mmanu petrochemical, mmepe mmiri, ugbo elu na ugbo elu amalitela ngwa ngwa na afo ndi gara aga, oke ha na uru ahia ha na abawanye. Agbanyeghị, mpaghara ụlọ ọrụ ọdịnala ka na-achịkwa ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, jiri igwe, ụgbọ ala, na ihe owuwu dịka ogidi atọ. Uzo nke ulo akwukwo di elu na aku na uba France na abawanye kwa afo. N'ime ha, azụmahịa azụmaahịa nke nkwukọrịta, ozi, ọrụ ndị njem na ndị njem na-arịwanye elu, ndị ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ihe ruru 70% nke ndị ọrụ niile.

Azụmahịa French amachaghị nke ọma, yana ngwaahịa na-ewebata ego bụ ire ahịa nri. France bu onye oru ugbo ugbo kachasi elu na European Union na onye mbu ahia ahia ahia ahia na ahia ahia na uwa. Mmepụta nri bụ otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke mkpokọta nri a na-emepụta na Europe, na mbupụ mbupụ nke ugbo bụ nke abụọ naanị United States n'ụwa. France bụ mba ama ama ama na-eme njem nleta kwa afọ, na-anata nkezi nke ihe karịrị nde 70 ndị njem nleta si mba ọzọ kwa afọ, karịa ndị bi na ya. Isi obodo, Paris, mara mma n'akụkụ oke osimiri Mediterenian na Atlantic, na Alps bụcha ebe nlegharị anya. Fọdụ ebe a na-edebe ihe mgbe ochie na France nwere ihe nketa bara uru nke ọdịbendị ụwa. France bụkwa mba azụmahịa kachasị na mba ụwa. Otu n'ime ha bụ mmanya ama ama n'ụwa niile, mmanya mmanya na-ebupụ na ọkara nke ihe ndị ụwa na-ebupụ. Na mgbakwunye, ejiji French, nri French, na French na-esi ísì ụtọ bụ ihe a maara nke ọma n'ụwa.

France bụ obodo ịhụnanya ọdịbendị mebere mgbe Renaissance gasịrị, ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị edemede, ndị na-ede akwụkwọ, ndị na-ese ihe, dị ka Molière, Voltaire, Rousseau, Hugo, wdg. Nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ụwa.

Eziokwu ndị na-atọ ụtọ

Ndị French hụrụ chiiz n'anya, ya mere, a na-ekesa ma na-echekwa akụkọ ọdịnala dị iche iche banyere chiiz ruo ọtụtụ afọ.

Normandy, nke no na northwest France, bu ulo kachasi eme nri na France, ebe anumanu no ebe obibi nke oma .. Akwukwo ahihia ndu ya na nkpuru hiri nne.Ọ bụrụgodi na oge oyi abịa, anya ka na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ na ọtụtụ ehi na atụrụ. Ihe a mepụtara ebe a bụ ihe ịrụ ụka adịghị ya na onye nnọchi anya ngwaahịa nke French cheese, na aha ya na ngalaba nri abụghị obere nke uwe ejiji akpụkpọ anụ akpụkpọ anụ Louis Vuitton na ejiji Chanel.

Chiiz Camembert nwere ogologo akụkọ ihe mere eme na mpaghara a, ọ gafeela narị afọ abụọ, ọ na-edobekwa omenaala ọdịnala. Dabere na akụkọ mgbe ochie, nwanyị nwanyị na-azụ anụ natara Ntụziaka maka chiiz Brie obere oge ntiwapụ nke mgbanwe French na 1791 wee nata onye nchụpụ gbapụrụ n'ugbo ya. Nwanyị nwanyị a nke dara ogbenye jikọtara ihu igwe obodo na ụjọ nke Normandy na-adabere na usoro nri, wee mechaa chiiz CAMEMBERT, nke ghọrọ chiiz kachasị ewu ewu na France. O bufere nwa ya nwanyị ihe nzuzo nke ihe eji esi nri. Ka oge na-aga, otu onye aha ya bụ Ridel na-akwado ịkwakọ chiiz Camembert na igbe osisi maka mfe ibu, ya mere e zigara ya n'ụwa niile.

Paris: Paris, isi obodo French, bụ obodo kachasị ukwuu na kọntinent Europe na otu n'ime obodo kachasị nwee ọganihu na ụwa. Paris dị na mgbago ugwu France Osimiri Seine gafere n’obodo ahụ ma nwee ọnụọgụ ndị dị nde 2.15 (rue Jenụwarị 1, 2007), tinyere nde 11,49 na mpaghara ime obodo na mpaghara ndịda Paris. Obodo ahụ n’onwe ya na-anọdụ n’etiti Paris Basin ma nwee ihu igwe nke dị nwayọọ, na-enweghị nnukwu okpomoku n’oge ọkọchị na ezigbo oyi n’oge oyi.

Paris bu obodo ukwu na ulo oru ahia na France. Mpaghara ugwu ugwu bụ ebe a na-arụpụta ihe. Ọrụ ndị a rụpụtara mepụtara kacha arụ ọrụ gụnyere ụgbọala, ngwa eletriki, kemịkalụ, ọgwụ, na nri. Mmepụta nke ngwa ahịa okomoko bụ nke abụọ, ma ọ na-elekwasịkarị anya na ogbe ndịda; ngwaahịa ndị ahụ gụnyere ngwa igwe dị oke ọnụ ahịa, ngwaahịa akpụkpọ anụ, poselin, akwa, wdg. Mpaghara ime obodo bụ ọkachamara na mmepụta ngwá ụlọ, akpụkpọ ụkwụ, nkenke ngwaọrụ, ngwa anya, wdg. Mmepụta ihe nkiri na Greater Paris (Metropolitan) mpaghara maka ụzọ atọ n'ụzọ anọ nke mmepụta ihe nkiri niile na France.

Paris bụ ebe ọdịbendị na agụmakwụkwọ ndị France, yana obodo ọdịnala ama ama na ụwa. Academylọ akwụkwọ French a ma ama nke France, Mahadum Paris, na National Scientific Research Center dị na Paris. Mahadum Paris bụ otu n'ime mahadum kacha ochie n'ụwa, hibere na 1253. Enwekwara ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ, ọba akwụkwọ, ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie, ihe nkiri, wdg. Na Paris. E nwere ọbá akwụkwọ 75 na Paris, ọbá akwụkwọ China ya bụkwa nke kasịnụ. E hiwere ụlọ ihe ngosi nka na 1364-1380 ma nwee mkpokọta akwụkwọ nde 10.

Paris bụ obodo ama ama ama ama ama nke ụwa, juputara na ebe ndị masịrị ya, dịka Elọ Eiffel, Arc de Triomphe, Elysee Obí, Obí nke Versailles, Louvre, Ebe de la Concorde, Notre Dame de Paris, omenaala na nka mba Georges Pompidou. Etiti, wdg, bụ ebe ndị njem nleta na ndị ọbịa si mba ọzọ. N'akụkụ abụọ nke Osimiri Seine mara mma, ogige ntụrụndụ na oghere ndị na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, na akwa 32 na-agafe osimiri ahụ, na-eme ka ebe dị mma na osimiri ahụ bụrụ ihe na-adọrọ adọrọ na nke mara mma. Obodo agwaetiti dị n'etiti osimiri bụ ebe obibi na ebe ọmụmụ nke Paris.

Marseille: Marseille bụ obodo nke abụọ kachasị ukwuu na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri France, yana ọnụ ọgụgụ obodo mepere emepe nke nde 1.23. Ejiri nkume nzu nzu dị n’akụkụ atọ n’akụkụ obodo ahụ, mara mma ya na ihu igwe ya mara mma. Marseille dị nso na Oke Osimiri Mediterenian na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ, nke nwere mmiri miri emi na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri sara mbara, enweghị Rapids na Rapids, ụgbọ mmiri 10,000 nwere ike ịgafe na enweghị nsogbu. Marseille bụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe dị mkpa na France, ebe 40% nke ụlọ ọrụ na-arụpụta mmanụ na France na-etinye uche.E nwere nnukwu ụlọ nrụpụta mmanụ 4 na mpaghara Foss-Talbor, nke nwere ike ịhazi nde tọn mmanụ mmanụ 45 kwa afọ. Industrylọ ọrụ na-arụzi ụgbọ mmiri na Marseille etolitekwa.Ọnụ ọgụgụ nrụzi ụgbọ mmiri ya ruru 70% nke ụlọ ọrụ a na mba ahụ, ọ ga-enwe ike idozi ụgbọ mmiri kasịnụ n'ụwa - ụgbọ mmiri tan 800,000.

Marseille fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ obodo kacha ochie na France.E wuru ya na 6 narị afọ BC ma jikọta ya na mpaghara ndị Rom na narị afọ 1. Mgbe ọdịda ya gasịrị, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ pụọ n'anya, ma ọ bilie ọzọ na narị afọ nke 10. Na 1832, mbupụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri bụ nke abụọ na London na Liverpool na England, na-aghọ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke atọ kachasị elu n'ụwa n'oge ahụ. N'oge mgbanwe French na 1792, ndị Maasai zọrọ njem na Paris na-abụ "Battle of the Rhine", na abụ ha na-anụ ọkụ n'obi kpaliri ndị mmadụ ịlụ ọgụ maka nnwere onwe. Abụ a mechara bụrụ ukwe mba France wee kpọọ ya "Marseille". N'oge Agha Worldwa nke Abụọ, ụgbọ mmiri ndị France gbakọtara n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri jụrụ ịtọgbọ Nazi Germany na ha niile danyere onwe ha. Marseille juru ụwa ọzọ.

Bordeaux: Bordeaux bụ isi obodo mpaghara Aquitaine na mpaghara Gironde na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ France Ọ bụ ebe dịpụrụ adịpụ na oke osimiri Atlantic nke Europe. Port nke Bordeaux bụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri France kacha nso jikọtara West Africa na kọntinent America na ọdụ ụgbọ oloko na Southwest Europe. Mpaghara Aquitaine nwere ọnọdụ okike ka elu ma na-enye aka maka uto nke ihe ọkụkụ .. Mmepụta ọrụ ugbo bụ nke atọ na mba ahụ, ọka ọka nọ n'ọnọdụ mbụ na EU, yana foie gras Production na nhazi bụ nke mbụ na ụwa.

winedị mmanya na mmepụta nke Bordeaux so na ndị kachasị mma n'ụwa, akụkọ ntolite mbupụ nwere ọtụtụ narị afọ. Enwere ụlọ ọrụ na-eto mkpụrụ vaịn 13,957 na mmanya na-arụ ọrụ na mpaghara ahụ, yana ntụgharị nke ijeri franc 13.5, nke mbupụ bụ nke ijeri franc 4.1. Mpaghara Aquitaine bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị bụ isi na ọdụ ụgbọelu na Europe, yana ndị ọrụ 20,000 na-arụ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na mbara igwe, ndị ọrụ 8,000 na-arụ ọrụ nhazi na mmepụta, nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ 18, 30 na-arụ ọrụ na osisi ndị na-anya ụgbọelu. Mpaghara a nwere ọnọdụ nke atọ na mbupụ ngwaahịa ụgbọelu French. Na mgbakwunye, elektrọnik, kemịkalụ, akwa na ụlọ ọrụ akwa na Aquitaine na-etolitekwa; enwere otutu osisi na ikike ịhazi ọrụ ike.