Liberia, the full name of the Republic of Liberia, is located in western Africa, bordering Guinea to the north, Sierra Leone to the northwest, Côte d’Ivoire to the east, and the Atlantic Ocean to the southwest. It covers an area of ​​more than 111,000 square kilometers. The coastline is 537 kilometers long. The whole territory is high in the north and low in the south. From the coast to the inland, there are roughly three steps: a narrow plain 30-60 kilometers wide along the coast, a gentle hill with an average elevation of 300 to 500 meters in the middle, and a plateau with an average elevation of 700 meters in the interior. The highest peak is Mount Vuthivi in ​​the northwest, with an altitude of 1381 meters. The largest river, Kavala, is 516 kilometers long. The larger rivers include the Sestos, St. John, St. Paul, and Mano rivers. It has a tropical monsoon climate with an average annual temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. The rainy season is from May to October, and the dry season is from November to April of the following year.

The Republic of Liberia was established in July 1847 by black American immigrants, and it was ruled by the descendants of black American immigrants for more than 100 years. In 1980, Sergeant Doi, a native of the Crane tribe, launched a coup and established a military government. In 1985, Liberia held the first multi-party presidential and parliamentary elections in history, and Doe was elected president. In 1989, Charles Taylor, a former government official in exile, led his armed forces back to Liberia, and the civil war broke out. In 2003, the civil war ended and the Liberal Transitional Government was established. In October 2005, Liberia held its first presidential and parliamentary elections after the civil war and established a new government.

National flag: a horizontal rectangle with a ratio of length to width of 19:10. It is composed of 11 parallel bars in red and white. The upper left corner is a blue square with a white five-pointed star inside. The 11 red and white stripes commemorate the 11 signatories of the Declaration of Independence of Liberia. Red symbolizes courage, white symbolizes virtue, blue symbolizes the African continent, and the square expresses the Liberian people’s desire for freedom, peace, democracy and fraternity; the five-pointed star symbolizes the only black republic in Africa at that time.

Liberia has a population of 3.48 million (2005). There are 16 ethnic groups, the larger ones are Keppel, Barcelona, ​​Dan, Crewe, Grebo, Mano, Loma, Gora, Mandingo, Bell, and the descendants of blacks who immigrated from the southern United States in the 19th century. Official Language is English. The larger ethnic groups have their own languages. 40% of residents believe in fetishism, 40% believe in Christianity, and 20% believe in Islam.

Liberia is one of the least developed countries in the world announced by the United Nations. Years of war have severely affected the economic development of Liberia. In 2005, Liberia’s GDP was 548 million U.S. dollars, and its per capita GDP was 175 U.S. dollars.

Liberia’s economy is dominated by agriculture, and the agricultural population accounts for 70% of the total population. The production of natural rubber, wood and iron ore is the main pillar of its national economy, all of which are for export and are the main source of foreign exchange income. Liberia is rich in natural resources, with iron ore reserves estimated at 1.8 billion tons, making it the second largest iron ore exporter in Africa. In addition, there are also mineral deposits such as diamond, gold, bauxite, copper, lead, manganese, zinc, columbium, tantalum, barite, and kyanite. The forest covers an area of ​​4.79 million hectares, accounting for 58% of the country's total area. It is a large forest area in Africa, rich in precious woods such as mahogany and sandalwood. The Rimba Mountain is listed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO because of its unique flora and fauna.

Liberia's maritime industry occupies a special position in the world. Its geographical position is superior, close to the Atlantic Ocean, and maritime transportation is extremely convenient. It has 5 ports including Monrovia and has an annual cargo volume of 200,000 tons. Liberia is also the second largest flag of convenience country in the world. At present, there are more than 1,800 ships flying the flag of convenience in the world.