Tebchaws Cov Ntaub Ntawv Sau Yooj Yim
| Sijhawm hauv zos | Koj lub sijhawm |
|---|---|
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|
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| Zos cheeb tsam | Sij hawm cheeb tsam sib txawv |
| UTC/GMT +2 teev |
| latitude / ntev ntev |
|---|
| 46°58'46"N / 28°22'37"E |
| iso encoding |
| MD / MDA |
| txiaj |
| Leu (MDL) |
| Lus |
| Moldovan 58.8% (official; virtually the same as the Romanian language) Romanian 16.4% Russian 16% Ukrainian 3.8% Gagauz 3.1% (a Turkish language) Bulgarian 1.1% other 0.3% unspecified 0.4% |
| hluav taws xob |
 Hom b US 3-nawj Ntaus c European 2-nawj |
| chij teb chaws |
|---|
 |
| peev |
| Chisinau |
| cov npe hauv txhab cia nyiaj |
| Tebchaws cov npe hauv txhab cia nyiaj |
| pejxeem |
| 4,324,000 |
| thaj chaw |
| 33,843 KM2 |
| GDP (USD) |
| 7,932,000,000 |
| xov tooj |
| 1,206,000 |
| Xov tooj ntawm tes |
| 4,080,000 |
| Tus naj npawb ntawm Is Taws Nem |
| 711,564 |
| Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg siv Is Taws Nem |
| 1,333,000 |
Tebchaws taw qhia
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Moldova nyob hauv nruab nrab Tebchaws Europe. Nws yog thaj av tsis muaj tebchaws uas muaj thaj tsam 33,800 square km. Feem ntau ntawm nws thaj chaw nyob ntawm tus dej Prut thiab Transnistria .Nws muaj ciam teb Romania mus rau sab hnub poob thiab Ukraine mus rau sab qaum teb, sab hnub tuaj thiab qab teb. Nws nyob hauv lub tiaj, nrog undulating toj, hav thiab hav, nrog qhov nruab nrab nce siab ntawm 147 metres. Qhov chaw nruab nrab yog Cordela Toj Siab, sab qaum teb thiab nruab nrab yog hav zoov-kauj ruam, thiab sab qab teb yog hav nyom ntau heev nrog huab cua sov tsis tu ncua. Cov av muaj txiaj ntsig ntau, cov hav zoov thaj tsam npog 40% ntawm thaj av thoob plaws hauv av, thiab ob feem peb ntawm cov av yog chernozem. Moldova, lub npe tag nrho ntawm Tsoom Fwv Tebchaws Moos Moos, nyob rau thaj chaw nruab nrab ntawm teb chaws Europe. Nws yog ib lub tebchaws uas tsis muaj qhov av uas muaj thaj tsam 33,800 square km. Feem ntau ntawm thaj av nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov dej Prut thiab Dniester. Nws muaj ciam teb Romania rau sab hnub poob, thiab Ukraine rau sab qaum teb, sab hnub tuaj thiab qab teb. Nws nyob hauv lub tiaj, nrog undulating toj, hav thiab hav, muaj qhov nce qhov nruab nrab ntawm 147 meters. Thaj chaw hauv nruab nrab yog lub Cordela Toj Siab; sab qaum teb thiab nruab nrab yog los ntawm hav zoov-steppe siv, thiab yav qab teb yog lub tiaj nyom loj heev. Qhov chaw siab tshaj plaws yog lub roob Balanesht nyob rau sab hnub poob, 430 meters saum toj siab hiav txwv. Muaj ntau cov dej ntws tab sis feem ntau ntawm lawv yog luv. Lub Transnistria thiab Prut yog ob qhov dej loj nyob hauv thaj chaw. Cov av muaj av ntau. Lub hav zoov npog 40% ntawm lub teb chaws thaj av, thiab ob feem peb ntawm thaj av yog chernozem. Nws muaj huab cua sov tsis tu ncua. Qhov nruab nrab kub yog -3 ℃ txog -5 ℃ Lub Ib Hlis thiab 19 ℃ txog 22 ℃ Lub Xya Hli. Lub teb chaws tau muab faib ua 10 lub nroog, 2 thaj chaw muaj kev ywj pheej (qhov chaw ntawm thaj chaw tswj hwm ntawm sab laug ntawm Transnistria tsis tau hloov), thiab 1 lub nroog (Chisinau). Cov yawg ntawm Moldovans yog Dacias. Los ntawm 13th mus rau 14th xyoo pua AD, Dacias maj mam muab faib ua peb pawg: Moldovans, Wallachians thiab Transylvanians. Xyoo 1359, Tebchaws Moldovans tau tsim tsa ib tus neeg siab tsis ncaj thiab tom qab ntawd tau dhau los ua tub rog ntawm Ottoman. Nyob rau xyoo 1600, peb lub tsev tswj hwm hauv Moldova, Wallachia thiab Transylvania ua tiav qhov kev cuam tshuam me ntsis. Xyoo 1812, Tebchaws Russia suav nrog ib feem ntawm Moroccan cov cheeb tsam (Bessarabia) rau hauv Lavxias teb sab chaw nyob. Lub Ib Hlis 1859, Moldova thiab Wallachia sib koom ua ke thiab tau hu ua Romania. Xyoo 1878, Sab Qab Teb Bessarabia ib zaug dua tau xaj nrog Lavxias. Moldova tshaj tawm kev ywj pheej hauv Lub Ib Hlis 1918 thiab koom nrog Romania thaum Lub Peb Hlis. Lub Rau Hli 1940, Soviet Union tau muab nws tso rau hauv thaj av dua thiab tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm 15 lub tebchaws Soviet. Tom qab tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm Soviet Tebchaws, Moldova tshaj tawm kev ywj pheej thaum Lub Yim Hli 27, 1991. Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 21 ntawm tib lub xyoo, Morocco tau koom nrog Tsoomfwv Cov Neeg Sab Hnub Tuaj (CIS). Lub teb chaws chij: Nws yog kab rov tav plaub sib npaug uas muaj qhov sib piv ntawm ntev kom dav txog li 2: 1. Txij sab laug rau sab xis, nws muaj peb daim duab plaub ntsug: xiav, daj thiab xim liab, nrog lub teb chaws tus cim pleev xim rau hauv nruab nrab. Moldova tau dhau los ua koom pheej ntawm lub tebchaws qub Soviet xyoo 1940. Txij li xyoo 1953, nws tau coj ib tus chij liab liab nrog lub hnub qub tsib taw qhia, kev mob taub hau, thiab tus qauv rauj nrog lub dav ntsuab ntsuab thoob tus chij. Lub Rau Hli 1990, lub tebchaws tau hloov npe hu ua Moldova Soviet Socialist Republic, thiab thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 3, tau siv tus chij tshiab hauv lub teb chaws. Lub teb chaws tau hloov npe hu ua Republic of Moldova thaum lub Tsib Hlis 23, 1991. Moldova muaj cov pejxeem ntawm 3.9917 lab (Kaum Ob Hlis 2005, tsis suav nrog cov pejxeem ntawm thaj chaw "De Zuo"). Moldovan pawg haiv neeg muaj 65%, Ukrainian haiv neeg pawg 13%, pawg neeg Lavxias pawg neeg 13%, Gagauz pawg neeg 3.5%, haiv neeg Bulgarian ntawm 2%, haiv neeg Jewish 2%, thiab lwm haiv neeg tsawg 1.5%. Cov lus raug yog Moldovan, thiab Lavxias feem ntau siv. Cov neeg feem coob ntseeg hauv Orthodox Church. Moldova yog lub tebchaws vam meej los ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb, thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig ua liaj ua teb muaj txog kwv yees li 50% ntawm qhov nyiaj tau los tag nrho. Hauv xyoo 2001, kev lag luam tau ntsib kev loj hlob dua. Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb yog tsim cov khoom siv, monetite, lignite, thiab lwm yam. Muaj ntau cov chaw muaj peev xwm hauv av, muaj kwv yees li 2,200 qhov dej txhawv. Tus nqi them rau lub hav zoov yog 9%, thiab cov hom ntoo tseem ceeb yog tussah, Qianjin elm, thiab Shuiqinggang ntoo. Cov tsiaj qus muaj xws li roe, hma liab thiab muskrat. Moldova kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus yog raug tsim los, feem ntau suav nrog kev ua cawv txiv hmab, kev ua nqaij thiab kev ua qab zib. Kev lag luam teeb pom kev lag luam ntau suav nrog luam yeeb, textiles thiab shoemaking. 35% ntawm nws cov nyiaj tau los txawv teb chaws nyob ntawm cawv xa khoom. Chisinau tau sau thawj zaug xyoo 1466. Nws tau txiav txim los ntawm Stefan III (Grand Duke) thaum ntxov thiab tom qab ntawd yog haiv neeg Turkey. Thaum tsov rog Lavxias-Turkish thaum xyoo 1788, Chisinau raug mob loj heev. Chisinau tau xaj xaj rau Lavxias xyoo 1812, thiab tom qab ntawv yog Romania tom qab Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1, thiab rov qab mus rau Soviet Union thaum xyoo 1940. Lub Yim Hli 27, 1991, Moldova ua ywj siab thiab Chisinau tau dhau los ua lub nroog ntawm Moldova. Chisinau raug kev puas tsuaj ntau thaum lub sijhawm Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum II. Ntawm cov tuam tsev txheej thaum ub tseem ceeb hauv lub nroog, tsuas yog cov tuam tsev thiab Triumphal Arch ua thaum xyoo 1840 tseem nyob hauv lawv qhov qub. Qee lub tuam tsev niaj hnub raug tsim tsa tom qab kev tsov rog. Cov kev hauv nroog yog dav thiab huv si. Ntau lub tsev yog cov pob zeb dawb huv. Lawv yog cov tshiab thiab zoo nkauj. Lawv zoo nkauj tshwj xeeb tshaj tawm ntawm cov ntoo qhuav thiab ntoo txiv ntoo. Yog li ntawd, lawv paub tias "nroog dawb, pob zeb paj". Cov. Ntau tus mlom ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam nto npe sawv ntawm cov square thiab lub vaj nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm txoj kev. Tus poj koob yawg Lavxias Pushkin kuj raug ntiab tawm ntawm no. Thaj chaw huab cua hauv Chisinau sov thiab noo, nrog lub hnub ntau thiab cov ntoo muaj lus tsis txaus. Tsis muaj pa taws thiab suab nrov uas ib txwm muaj hauv cov nroog hauv nroog, thiab qhov chaw ib puag ncig zoo nkauj heev thiab zoo nkauj. Ntawm ob sab ntawm txoj kev loj los ntawm lub nroog mus txog tshav dav hlau, cov tsev tshav puam zoo nkauj tau tawg ua rau cov teb, muaj cov tiaj ntsuab ntsuab thiab cov txiv hmab zoo nkauj kawg. Chisinau yog qhov chaw tsim khoom ntawm Moldova. Nws tsim cov cuab yeej ntsuas, tshuab twj, tsheb laij teb, tshuab nqus dej, tub yees, tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws thiab cov xov hlau hluav taws xob. nroj. Ntxiv rau lub tsev kawm ntawv qhia dav hauv lub nroog, tseem muaj tsev kawm qib siab engineering, tsev kawm qib siab ua liaj ua teb, tsev kawm kho mob, tsev kawm kws qhia, tsev kawm kos duab, thiab ntau lub tsev tshawb fawb. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau qhov chaw ua yeeb yaj kiab, tsev cia puav pheej thiab tsev tos qhua. |