Taiwan is located on the continental shelf of the southeast coast of mainland China, between 119°18'03″ to 124°34′30″ east longitude and 20°45′25″ to 25°56′30″ north latitude. Taiwan faces the Pacific Ocean in the east and the Ryukyu Islands in the northeast, about 600 kilometers apart; the Bashi Strait in the south is about 300 kilometers apart from the Philippines; and the Taiwan Strait in the west faces Fujian, with its narrowest point being 130 kilometers. Taiwan is the center of the Western Pacific Channel and is an important transportation hub for maritime connections between countries in the Pacific region.

Overview

Taiwan Province is located on the continental shelf of China’s southeast coast, from 119°18′03″ to 124°34′30 east longitude ", between 20°45'25" and 25°56'30" north latitude. Taiwan faces the Pacific Ocean in the east and the Ryukyu Islands in the northeast, about 600 kilometers apart; the Bashi Strait in the south is about 300 kilometers apart from the Philippines; and the Taiwan Strait in the west faces Fujian, with the narrowest point being 130 kilometers. Taiwan is the center of the Western Pacific Channel and is an important transportation hub for maritime connections between countries in the Pacific region.

Taiwan Province includes the main island of Taiwan and 21 affiliated islands such as Orchid Island, Green Island, and Diaoyu Island, and 64 islands in the Penghu Islands. The main island of Taiwan covers an area of ​​35,873 square kilometers. . The Taiwan area currently referred to usually also includes the islands of Kinmen and Matsu in Fujian Province, with a total area of ​​36,006 square kilometers.

Taiwan Island is mountainous, with mountains and hills accounting for more than two-thirds of the total area. The Taiwan mountain system is parallel to the northeast-southwest direction of Taiwan Island, lying on the east side of the central part of Taiwan Island, forming the topographic features of the island with many mountains in the east, hills in the middle, and plains in the west. Taiwan Island has five major mountain ranges, four major plains, and three major basins, namely the Central Mountain Range, Snow Mountain Range, Yushan Mountain Range, Alishan Mountain Range and Taitung Mountain Range, Yilan Plain, Jianan Plain, Pingtung Plain and Taitung Rift Valley Plain. Taipei Basin, Taichung Basin and Puli Basin. The central mountain range runs from north to south. Yushan is 3,952 meters above sea level, which is the highest peak in eastern my country. Taiwan Island is located on the rim of the Pacific Ocean seismic belt and volcanic belt. The crust is unstable and it is an earthquake-prone area.

Taiwan’s climate is warm in winter, hot in summer, abundant rainfall, and many storms in summer and autumn. The Tropic of Cancer passes through the central part of Taiwan Island. The northern part has a subtropical climate, and the southern part has a tropical climate. The average annual temperature (except high mountains) is 22°C, and the annual precipitation is more than 2000 mm. The abundant rainfall has created good conditions for the development of the rivers on the island. There are 608 large and small rivers flowing into the sea alone, and the water is turbulent, with many waterfalls and extremely rich water resources.

In terms of administrative divisions, Taiwan is divided into 2 municipalities directly under the central government (level one), 18 counties (level two) in Taiwan Province (level one), 5 Province-administered cities (secondary level).

As of the end of December 2006, the population of Taiwan Province was more than 22.79 million, plus the population of Kinmen and Matsu, totaling more than 22.87 million; the annual population growth rate is about It is 0.47%. The population is mainly concentrated in the western plains, and the eastern population only accounts for 4% of the total population. The average population density is 568.83 people per square kilometer. The population density of the political, economic, and cultural center and the largest city in Taipei has reached 10,000 per square kilometer. Among the residents of Taiwan, the Han people account for about 98% of the total population; ethnic minorities account for 2%, about 380,000. According to differences in language and customs, the ethnic minorities in Taiwan are divided into 9 ethnic groups including Ami, Atayal, Paiwan, Bunun, Puyuma, Rukai, Cao, Yami, and Saixia, living in different parts of the province. Most Taiwanese have religious beliefs. The main religions include Buddhism, Taoism, Christianity (including Roman Catholicism), as well as the most popular Taiwanese folk beliefs (such as Mazu, Princes, various shrines, and children). There are also many emerging Religion, such as Yiguandao.

Taiwan Province has been focusing on industrial development since the 1960s, and has now formed an island-type industrial and commercial economy dominated by processing and export. Industries include textiles, electronics, sugar, plastics, electric power, etc., and opened up processing export zones in Kaohsiung, Taichung, and Nanzih. From Keelung in the north, to Kaohsiung in the south, there are electrified railways and highways, and the sea and air routes can reach the five continents of the world. The scenic spots on the treasure island include Sun Moon Lake, Alishan, Yangmingshan, Beitou Hot Spring, Tainan Chihkan Tower, Beigang Mazu Temple, etc.

Major cities

Taipei: Taipei City is located in the northern part of Taiwan Island, in the center of the Taipei Basin, surrounded by Taipei County. The city covers an area of ​​272 square kilometers and has a population of 2.44 million. It is the political, economic, cultural and educational center of Taiwan and the largest city in Taiwan. In 1875 (the first year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty), the imperial commissioner Shen Baozhen established the Taipei Government here to take charge of Taiwan's administration, and it has since been named "Taipei". In 1885, the Qing government established a province in Taiwan, and the first governor Liu Mingchuan designated Taipei as the provincial capital.

Taipei City is Taiwan’s industrial and commercial center, and the island’s largest companies, enterprises, banks, and shops all treat them The headquarters is here. With Taipei City as the center, including Taipei County, Taoyuan County and Keelung City, it forms Taiwan’s largest industrial production area and commercial area.

Taipei City is the tourist center of northern Taiwan. In addition to Yangming Mountain and Beitou Scenic Area, there is also the largest and earliest built area in the province covering 89,000 square meters. Meters of Taipei Park and the largest Muzha Yunwu Garden. In addition, the scale of the privately-run Rongxing Garden is also considerable. Jiantan, Beian, Fushou, Shuangxi and other parks are also good places to visit. There are many historical sites in Taipei. Among them, Taipei City Gate, Longshan Temple, Baoan Temple, Confucian Temple, Guide Palace, Yuanshan Cultural Relics, etc. are all beautiful and good places to visit.