Thailand, dzina lonse la Kingdom of Thailand, ili ndi malo opitilira 513,000 ma kilomita. Thailand ili kumwera chakumwera kwa Asia kwa Indochina Peninsula, kumalire ndi Gulf of Thailand (Pacific Ocean) kumwera chakum'mawa, Nyanja ya Andaman (Indian Ocean) kumwera chakumadzulo, Myanmar kumadzulo ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo, Laos kumpoto chakum'mawa, ndi Cambodia kumwera chakum'mawa. Kufikira ku Malay Peninsula, imalumikizidwa ndi Malaysia, ndipo gawo lake laling'ono lili pakati pa Indian Ocean ndi Pacific Ocean. Nyengo yamvula yotentha. Chaka chagawika nyengo zitatu: kutentha, mvula ndi kuuma. Kutentha kwapakati pachaka ndi 24 ～ 30 ℃.

Dzikoli lagawidwa zigawo zisanu: chapakati, kum'mwera, kum'mawa, kumpoto ndi kumpoto chakum'mawa.Pali madera 76. Boma ili ndi zigawo, zigawo ndi midzi. Bangkok ndiye boma lokhalo m'chigawochi.

Thailand ili ndi zaka zopitilira 700 za mbiri ndi chikhalidwe, ndipo poyambirira idatchedwa Siam. Mafumu a Sukhothai adakhazikitsidwa mu 1238 AD ndipo adayamba kupanga dziko logwirizana. Anakumana bwino motsatira mafumu a Sukhothai, mafumu a Ayutthaya, mafumu a Thonburi ndi mzera wa Bangkok. Kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 16, wakhala ukuwonongedwa ndi atsamunda monga Portugal, Netherlands, Britain, ndi France. Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19, mfumu yachisanu ya mzera wa mafumu ku Bangkok idatenga zambiri zaku Western kuti ichite zosintha chikhalidwe. Mu 1896, Britain ndi France adasaina pangano lomwe limanena kuti Siam inali boma pakati pa Britain Burma ndi French Indochina, ndikupanga Siam dziko lokhalo kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia komwe sikunakhale koloni. Lamulo lachifumu lidakhazikitsidwa mu 1932. Adasandulanso Thailand mu Juni 1939, kutanthauza "nthaka yaufulu". Wolandidwa ndi Japan mu 1941, Thailand yalengeza kuti ilowa m'malo olamulira a Axis. Dzina la Siam linabwezeretsedwanso mu 1945. Idasinthidwa Thailand mu Meyi 1949.

(Chithunzi)

Mbendera yadziko: Ndi yaying'ono, yokhala ndi chiŵerengero cha kutalika kufika m'lifupi la 3: 2. Amakhala ndi makona anayi osanjikiza ofiira, oyera ndi amtambo omwe adakonzedwa chimodzimodzi. Pamwamba ndi pansi ndi ofiira, buluu lili pakati, ndipo pamwamba ndi pansi pabuluu ndi zoyera. Kutalika kwa buluu ndikofanana ndi m'lifupi mwake ofiira awiri kapena awiri oyera oyera. Chofiira chimayimira mtunduwo ndipo chikuyimira mphamvu ndi kudzipereka kwa anthu amitundu yonse. Thailand imawona Chibuda ngati chipembedzo chaboma, ndipo zoyera zikuyimira chipembedzo ndikuimira chiyero cha chipembedzo. Thailand ndi dziko lachifumu lokhazikitsidwa mwalamulo, mfumuyo ndiyopambana, ndipo buluu amaimira banja lachifumu. Buluu pakatikati likuyimira banja lachifumu pakati pa anthu amitundu yonse ndi chipembedzo choyera.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ku Thailand ndi 63.08 miliyoni (2006). Thailand ndi dziko lokhala ndi mafuko ambiri lopangidwa ndi mafuko opitilira 30. Pakati pawo, anthu aku Thailand amawerengera 40% ya anthu onse, anthu okalamba amakhala 35%, a Malays amawerengera 3.5%, ndipo anthu aku Khmer amawerengera 2%. Palinso mitundu yamapiri monga Miao, Yao, Gui, Wen, Karen ndi Shan. Thai ndiye chilankhulo chadziko. Buddhism ndi chipembedzo chadziko lonse la Thailand. Oposa 90% okhalamo amakhulupirira Chibuda. Amayaya amakhulupirira Chisilamu, ndipo ochepa amakhulupirira Chiprotestanti, Chikatolika, Chihindu ndi Sikhism. Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, miyambo yaku Thailand, zolemba, zaluso, komanso zomangamanga zakhala pafupifupi zogwirizana kwambiri ndi Chibuda. Mukamapita ku Thailand, mutha kuwona amonke ovala mikanjo yachikaso ndi akachisi okongola kulikonse. Chifukwa chake, Thailand ili ndi mbiri ya "Yellow Pao Buddha Kingdom". Buddhism yakhazikitsa chikhalidwe cha Thais, ndipo yakhazikitsa kalembedwe kauzimu kamene kamalimbikitsa kulekerera, bata, ndi kukonda mtendere.

Monga dziko laulimi, zopangira zaulimi ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zopezera ndalama zakunja ku Thailand, makamaka kutulutsa mpunga, chimanga, chinangwa, mphira, nzimbe, nyemba za mung, hemp, fodya, nyemba za khofi, thonje, mafuta amanjedza, ndi coconut. Zipatso etc. Dera lolimidwa mdziko muno ndi mahekitala 20.7 miliyoni, kuwerengera 38% yamalo okhala mdzikolo. Thailand ndiomwe amapanga komanso kugulitsa mpunga wodziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Kugulitsa kunja kwa mpunga ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zopezera ndalama zakunja ku Thailand, ndipo zogulitsa zake zimatenga gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu amitundu yonse yampunga. Thailand ndi dziko lachitatu lalikulu kwambiri ku Asia lopanga nyanja pambuyo pa Japan ndi China, komanso dziko lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi lopanga nsomba.

Thailand ili ndi chuma chambiri ndipo makina ake opanga mphira amakhala woyamba padziko lapansi. Zida zankhalango, zida za usodzi, mafuta, gasi wachilengedwe, ndi zina. Thailand ndi yodzaza ndi ma durians ndi mangosteens, omwe amadziwika kuti "mfumu ya zipatso" komanso "pambuyo pa zipatso". Zipatso zam'malo otentha monga lychee, longan ndi rambutan ndizodziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Gawo lakapangidwe kazachuma ku Thailand lakhala likuchulukirachulukira, ndipo lakhala bizinesi yomwe ili ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri komanso imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zogulitsa kunja. Gawo lalikulu la mafakitale ndi awa: migodi, nsalu, zamagetsi, mapulasitiki, kukonza chakudya, zoseweretsa, msonkhano wamagalimoto, zomangira, ma petrochemicals, ndi zina zambiri.

Thailand ili ndi zinthu zambiri zokopa alendo. Nthawi zonse amadziwika kuti "malo akumwetulira". Pali zokopa zoposa 500. Zokopa alendo ambiri ndi Bangkok, Phuket, Pattaya, Chiang Mai ndi Pattaya. Malo angapo atsopano okaona alendo monga Lai, Hua Hin ndi Koh Samui apita patsogolo kwambiri. Zimakopa alendo ambiri akunja.

Bangkok: Bangkok, likulu la Thailand, lili kumapeto kwenikweni kwa Mtsinje wa Chao Phraya ndipo ndi mtunda wa makilomita 40 kuchokera ku Gulf of Siam. Ndilo likulu la ndale, zachuma, chikhalidwe, maphunziro, mayendedwe komanso mzinda waukulu kwambiri mdzikolo. Chiwerengero cha anthu chili pafupifupi 8 miliyoni. A Thais amatcha Bangkok "Gulu Lankhondo", lomwe limatanthauza "Mzinda wa Angelo". Anamasulira dzina lake lonse mu Thai kupita ku Chilatini, wokhala ndi zilembo zokwana 142, zomwe zikutanthauza: "City of Angels, Great City, Residence of the Jade Buddha, Impregnable City, World Metropolis Given jewelry Zisanu ndi Zinayi" etc. .

Mu 1767, Bangkok pang'onopang'ono idapanga misika yaying'ono komanso malo okhala. Mu 1782, mafumu achifumu a Bangkok Rama I adasamutsa likulu kuchokera ku Thonburi kumadzulo kwa Chao Phraya River kupita ku Bangkok kum'mawa kwa mtsinjewu. Munthawi ya ulamuliro wa King Rama II ndi King III (1809-1851), akachisi ambiri achi Buddha adamangidwa mumzinda. Munthawi ya Rama V (1868-1910), makoma ambiri amzinda wa Bangkok adawonongedwa ndikupanga misewu ndi milatho. Mu 1892, tram idatsegulidwa ku Bangkok. Ramalongkorn University idakhazikitsidwa ku 1916. Mu 1937, Bangkok idagawika m'mizinda iwiri, Bangkok ndi Thonlib. Pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, mizinda idakula mwachangu ndipo kuchuluka kwake ndi madera akuwonjezeka kwambiri. Mu 1971, mizindayi idalumikizana ndi Bangkok-Thonburi Metropolitan Area, yotchedwa Greater Bangkok.

Bangkok ili yodzaza ndi maluwa chaka chonse, yokongola komanso yokongola. Nyumba "zakuwiratu" zamtundu waku Thailand ndizomangidwe ku Bangkok. Sanpin Street ndi malo omwe achi China amasonkhana ndipo amatchedwa Chinatown weniweni. Pambuyo pazaka zopitilira 200 zakukula, wakhala msika waukulu kwambiri komanso wopambana kwambiri ku Thailand. Kuphatikiza pa malo akale, Bangkok ilinso ndi nyumba zambiri zamakono komanso malo okopa alendo. Chifukwa chake, Bangkok imakopa alendo ambiri chaka chilichonse ndipo yakhala umodzi mwamizinda yotukuka kwambiri ku Asia zokopa alendo. Bangkok Port ndiye doko lalikulu kwambiri ku Thailand ndipo ndi amodzi mwa madoko odziwika ku Thailand otumiza mpunga. Ndege Yapadziko Lonse ya Don Mueang ndi amodzi mwamabwalo apadziko lonse omwe ali ndi magalimoto ambiri ku Southeast Asia.