Tayilande Amakuru Yibanze
Igihe cyaho | Igihe cyawe |
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Umwanya wigihe | Itandukaniro ryigihe |
UTC/GMT +7 isaha |
ubunini / uburebure |
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13°2'11"N / 101°29'32"E |
kodegisi |
TH / THA |
ifaranga |
Baht (THB) |
Ururimi |
Thai (official) 90.7% Burmese 1.3% other 8% |
amashanyarazi |
Andika inshinge za Amerika y'Amajyaruguru n'Ubuyapani inshinge 2 Andika c Abanyaburayi 2-pin |
ibendera ry'igihugu |
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umurwa mukuru |
Bangkok |
urutonde rwa banki |
Tayilande urutonde rwa banki |
abaturage |
67,089,500 |
akarere |
514,000 KM2 |
GDP (USD) |
400,900,000,000 |
telefone |
6,391,000 |
Terefone ngendanwa |
84,075,000 |
Umubare wabakoresha interineti |
3,399,000 |
Umubare w'abakoresha interineti |
17,483,000 |
Tayilande Intangiriro
Tayilande ifite ubuso bungana na kilometero kare 513.000. Iherereye mu gice cyo hagati no mu majyepfo y’igice cya Indochina muri Aziya, ihana imbibi n’ikigobe cya Tayilande mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba, inyanja ya Andaman mu majyepfo y’iburengerazuba, ihana imbibi na Miyanimari mu burengerazuba no mu majyaruguru y’iburengerazuba, ihana imbibi na Laos mu majyaruguru y’amajyaruguru na Kamboje mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba, na Kra mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba. Igera mu gace ka Maleziya kandi ihuza na Maleziya.Igice cyacyo kigufi kiri hagati y'inyanja y'Ubuhinde n'Inyanja ya pasifika kandi gifite ikirere gishyuha. Tayilande ni igihugu gifite amoko menshi. Budisime ni idini rya Leta ya Tayilande kandi ryiswe "Ubwami bwa Pao Buddha Kingdom". Tayilande, izina ryuzuye ryubwami bwa Tayilande, ifite ubuso bwa kilometero kare 513.000. Tayilande iherereye mu majyepfo ya Aziya yo hagati y’igice cya Indochina, ihana imbibi n’ikigobe cya Tayilande (inyanja ya pasifika) mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba, inyanja ya Andaman (inyanja y’Ubuhinde) mu majyepfo y’iburengerazuba, Miyanimari mu burengerazuba n’amajyaruguru y’uburengerazuba, Laos mu majyaruguru y’amajyaruguru, na Kamboje mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba. Kugeza ku gice cya Maleziya cyahujwe na Maleziya, igice cyacyo gito kiri hagati y'inyanja y'Ubuhinde n'Inyanja ya pasifika. ikirere gishyuha. Umwaka ugabanijwemo ibihe bitatu: ubushyuhe, imvura kandi byumye. Impuzandengo yubushyuhe bwumwaka ni 24 ~ 30 ℃. Igihugu kigabanyijemo uturere dutanu: hagati, amajyepfo, iburasirazuba, amajyaruguru n’amajyaruguru yuburasirazuba. Ubu hari perefegitura 76. Guverinoma igizwe n'intara, uturere n'imidugudu. Bangkok niyo komine yonyine kurwego rwintara. Tayilande ifite imyaka irenga 700 amateka n’umuco, kandi mbere yitwaga Siam. Ingoma ya Sukhothai yashinzwe mu 1238 nyuma ya Yesu, itangira gushinga igihugu cyunze ubumwe. Byakurikiranye ibyabaye ku ngoma ya Sukhothai, Ingoma ya Ayutthaya, Ingoma ya Thonburi n'ingoma ya Bangkok. Kuva mu kinyejana cya 16, yatewe n'abakoloni nka Porutugali, Ubuholandi, Ubwongereza n'Ubufaransa. Mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 19, umwami wa gatanu w'ingoma ya Bangkok yakoresheje ubunararibonye bwinshi bw'iburengerazuba kugira ngo akore ivugurura ry'imibereho. Mu 1896, Ubwongereza n'Ubufaransa byashyize umukono ku masezerano yavugaga ko Siam ari igihugu cy’amahoro hagati ya Birmaniya y’Abongereza na Indochina y’Abafaransa, bigatuma Siam ari cyo gihugu cyonyine cyo mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Aziya kitabaye ubukoloni. Ingoma ya cyami yashinzwe mu 1932. Yiswe Tayilande muri Kamena 1939, bisobanura "igihugu cy'ubwisanzure". Yigaruriwe n'Ubuyapani mu 1941, Tayilande yatangaje ko yinjiye mu bihugu bya Axis. Izina rya Siam ryagaruwe mu 1945. Yiswe Tayilande muri Gicurasi 1949. (Ishusho) Ibendera ryigihugu: Ni urukiramende, rufite igipimo cy'uburebure n'ubugari bwa 3: 2. Igizwe nurukiramende rutanu rutambitse mumutuku, umweru nubururu bitunganijwe. Hejuru no hepfo ni umutuku, ubururu buri hagati, n'ubururu hejuru no hepfo byera. Ubugari bwubururu bungana nubugari bubiri butukura cyangwa bubiri bwera. Umutuku uhagarariye igihugu kandi ushushanya imbaraga nubwitange bwabaturage b'amoko yose. Tayilande ifata Budisime nk'idini rya Leta, naho umweru ugereranya idini kandi ugereranya ubuziranenge bw'idini. Tayilande nigihugu cyubwami bugendera ku itegekonshinga, umwami arikirenga, ubururu bugereranya umuryango wibwami. Ubururu buri hagati bugereranya umuryango wibwami mubantu b'amoko yose n'amadini yera. Abaturage bose ba Tayilande ni miliyoni 63.08 (2006). Tayilande ni igihugu cy’amoko menshi kigizwe n’amoko arenga 30. Muri bo, abaturage bo muri Tayilande bangana na 40% by’abaturage bose, abasaza bangana na 35%, abanya Maleziya bangana na 3.5%, naho aba Khmer bangana na 2%. Hariho kandi amoko yo mumisozi nka Miao, Yao, Gui, Wen, Karen na Shan. Tayilande ni ururimi rwigihugu. Budisime ni idini ry’igihugu cya Tayilande. Abaturage barenga 90% bemera idini ry’Ababuda. Abanya Malaya bemera Islam, kandi bake ni bo bemera Abaporotesitanti, Abagatolika, Abahindu n’Abasikisimu. Mu myaka amagana, imigenzo ya Tayilande, ubuvanganzo, ubuhanzi n’ubwubatsi hafi ya byose bifitanye isano rya bugufi n’ububuda. Iyo ugiye muri Tayilande, urashobora kubona abihayimana bambaye amakanzu yumuhondo na monasiteri nziza cyane ahantu hose. Kubwibyo, Tayilande izwiho "Ubwami bwa Pao Buddha Kingdom". Budisime yashyizeho amahame mbwirizamuco kuri Tayilande, kandi yashyizeho uburyo bwo mu mwuka bushigikira ubworoherane, umutuzo no gukunda amahoro. < Imbuto n'ibindi. Ubutaka bwo guhinga mu gihugu ni hegitari miliyoni 20.7, bingana na 38% by'ubutaka bw'igihugu. Tayilande n’umuceri uzwi cyane ku isi kandi utumiza ibicuruzwa hanze.Umuceri wohereza mu mahanga ni kimwe mu bintu nyamukuru byinjira muri Tayilande byinjiza amadovize, kandi ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bingana na kimwe cya gatatu cy’umuceri ku isi. Tayilande kandi n’igihugu cya gatatu mu bihugu bitanga umusaruro mu nyanja muri Aziya nyuma y’Ubuyapani n’Ubushinwa, n’igihugu kinini gitanga urusenda ku isi. Tayilande ikungahaye ku mutungo kamere kandi umusaruro wa reberi uza ku mwanya wa mbere ku isi. Umutungo w’amashyamba, umutungo w’uburobyi, peteroli, gaze karemano, n’ibindi na byo shingiro ry’iterambere ry’ubukungu, aho amashyamba angana na 25%. Tayilande ikungahaye kuri durians na mangosteens, izwi nka "umwami w'imbuto" na "nyuma y'imbuto". Imbuto zo mu turere dushyuha nka lychee, longan na rambutan nazo zirazwi kwisi yose. Umubare w’inganda mu bukungu bw’igihugu cya Tayilande wagiye wiyongera, kandi uhinduka inganda n’igice kinini kandi nimwe mu nganda zikomeye zohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Inzego nyamukuru zinganda ni: ubucukuzi, imyenda, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, plastiki, gutunganya ibiryo, ibikinisho, guteranya imodoka, ibikoresho byubwubatsi, peteroli, nibindi. Tayilande ikungahaye ku mutungo w'ubukerarugendo. Byahoze bizwi ku izina rya "igihugu cy'inseko". Hano hari ahantu nyaburanga hasaga 500. Ahantu nyaburanga hashya nka Lai, Hua Hin na Koh Samui twateye imbere byihuse. Kureshya ba mukerarugendo benshi b'abanyamahanga. Bangkok: Bangkok, umurwa mukuru wa Tayilande, iherereye mu majyepfo y’umugezi wa Chao Phraya no mu birometero 40 uvuye ku kigobe cya Siam. Ni ihuriro rya politiki, ubukungu, umuco, uburezi, ubwikorezi n’umujyi munini mu gihugu. Abaturage bagera kuri miliyoni 8. Abatayisi bita Bangkok "Poste ya Gisirikare", bisobanura "Umujyi w'Abamarayika". Yahinduye izina ryayo ryuzuye muri Tayilande mu kilatini, ifite uburebure bw'inyuguti 142, bivuze ngo: "Umujyi w'Abamarayika, Umujyi Mukuru, Gutura kwa Jade Budha, Umujyi udasanzwe, Umujyi wa Metropolisi wahawe imitako icyenda" n'ibindi. . Mu 1767, Bangkok yagiye ikora amasoko mato hamwe n’ahantu ho gutura. Mu 1782, ingoma ya Bangkok Rama I yimuye umurwa mukuru kuva Thonburi mu burengerazuba bw'umugezi wa Chao Phraya njya i Bangkok mu burasirazuba bw'uruzi. Ku ngoma y'Umwami Rama II n'Umwami wa III (1809-1851), muri uwo mujyi hubatswe insengero nyinshi z'Ababuda. Mu gihe cya Rama V (1868-1910), inkuta nyinshi z'umujyi wa Bangkok zarasenywe kandi hubakwa imihanda n'ibiraro. Mu 1892, i Bangkok hafunguwe tram. Kaminuza ya Ramalongkorn yashinzwe mu 1916. Mu 1937, Bangkok yagabanyijwemo imigi ibiri, Bangkok na Thonlib. Nyuma y’Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, imijyi yateye imbere byihuse kandi umubare w’abaturage n’akarere byiyongereye cyane. Mu 1971, iyo mijyi yombi yahujwe na Metropolitan ya Bangkok-Thonburi, izwi ku izina rya Greater Bangkok. Bangkok yuzuyemo indabyo umwaka wose, zifite amabara kandi amabara. Amazu ya "top top" inzu ya Tayilande ni inyubako zisanzwe i Bangkok. Umuhanda wa Sanpin ni ahantu abashinwa bateranira kandi bita Chinatown nyayo. Nyuma yimyaka irenga 200 yiterambere, ryabaye isoko rinini kandi ryateye imbere muri Tayilande. Usibye ahantu h'amateka, Bangkok ifite inyubako nyinshi zigezweho hamwe n’ubukerarugendo. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Bangkok ikurura ba mukerarugendo benshi buri mwaka kandi yabaye umwe mu mijyi itera imbere muri Aziya mu bukerarugendo. Icyambu cya Bangkok ni icyambu kinini cya Tayilande n’amazi maremare kandi ni kimwe mu byambu bizwi cyane byohereza umuceri muri Tayilande. Ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Don Mueang ni kimwe mu bibuga by’indege mpuzamahanga bifite ubwinshi bw’imodoka muri Aziya y’Amajyepfo y’Amajyepfo. |