Brazil, dzina lonse la Federal Republic of Brazil, lomwe lili ndi malo okwana makilomita 8,514,900, ndilo dziko lalikulu kwambiri ku Latin America. Ili kumwera chakum'mawa kwa South America. Ili m'malire ndi French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana, Venezuela ndi Colombia kumpoto, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina ndi Uruguay kumwera, ndi Atlantic Ocean kummawa. Mphepete mwa nyanja ndi makilomita opitilira 7,400 kutalika. Nthambi ya 80% ili m'malo otentha, ndipo gawo lakumwera kwenikweni kuli kotentha. Kumpoto kwa Amazon Plain kumakhala nyengo yotentha ngati kutentha kwapakati pa 27-29 ° C pachaka. M'chigawo chapakati muli nyengo yotentha yaudzu, yogawidwa m'nyengo youma ndi yamvula.

Dzikoli lagawidwa zigawo 26 ndi District Federal 1 (Brasilia Federal District) Pali mizinda pansi pa zigawozi, ndipo pali mizinda 5562 mdziko lonse. Mayina amaboma ndi awa: Acre, Alagoas, Amazonas, Amapá, Bahia, Ceara, Espirito Santo, Goias, Maranhao, Mato Grosso, Mato Sul Grosso, Minas Gerais, Pala, Paraíba, Parana, Pernambuco, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, Rondônia , Roraima, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo, Sergipe, Tocantins.

Dziko lakale la Brazil linali malo amwenye. Pa Epulo 22, 1500, Cabral woyendetsa sitima waku Portugal adafika ku Brazil. Inakhala koloni ya Portugal m'zaka za zana la 16th. Kudziyimira pawokha pa Seputembara 7, 1822, kunakhazikitsa Ufumu waku Brazil. Ukapolo unathetsedwa mu Meyi 1888. Pa Novembala 15, 1889, Fonseca adakhazikitsa njira yothetsera amfumu ndikukhazikitsa republic. Lamulo loyamba la Republic lidaperekedwa pa February 24, 1891, ndipo dzikolo lidatchedwa United States of Brazil. Mu 1960, likulu lidasamutsidwa kuchokera ku Rio de Janeiro kupita ku Brasilia. Dzikolo linasinthidwa Federal Republic of Brazil mu 1967.

Mbendera yadziko: Ndi yaying'ono yamakona anayi ndi kutalika kwa kutalika kwake kwa 10: 7. Mbendera yake ndiyobiriwira ndi chikasu chachikaso pakati, ndipo mbali zake zinayi zonsezo ndi mtunda wofanana kuchokera kumapeto kwa mbendera. Pakatikati mwa daimondi pali globe yakumwamba yabuluu yokhala ndi leucorrhea pamwamba pake. Green ndi chikasu ndi mitundu yadziko la Brazil. Green imayimira nkhalango yayikulu mdzikolo, ndipo chikaso chimayimira chuma chambiri chambiri. Gulu loyera loyera padziko lapansi lakumwamba limagawaniza malowa kumtunda ndi kumunsi.Gawo lakumunsi likuyimira nyenyezi zakumwera chakum'mwera.Nyenyezi zoyera zosongoka zisanu zamitundu yosiyana kumtunda zikuyimira zigawo 26 za Brazil ndi chigawo chaboma. Lamba loyera akuti "Order and Progress" mu Portuguese.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ku Brazil ndi 186.77 miliyoni. Azungu anali ndi 53.8%, mulattos anali 39.1%, akuda anali 6.2%, achikasu anali 0,5%, ndipo amwenye anali 0,4%. Chilankhulo chachikulu ndi Chipwitikizi. 73.8% yaomwe akukhulupirira Chikatolika. (Gwero: "Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics")

Brazil ndiyapadera mwachilengedwe. Mtsinje wa Amazon womwe umadutsa kumpoto ndi mtsinje wokhala ndi beseni lokulirapo komanso loyenda kwambiri padziko lapansi. Nkhalango ya Amazonia, yotchedwa "lung of the earth", ili ndi dera lalikulu makilomita 7.5 miliyoni, lomwe ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a nkhalango zapadziko lonse lapansi, zambiri zomwe zili ku Brazil. Kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa mtsinje wachisanu waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi Parana, kuli mathithi ochititsa chidwi kwambiri a Iguazu Falls. Station ya Hydropower Itaipu, malo opangira magetsi padziko lonse lapansi, omangidwa pamodzi ndi Brazil ndi Paraguay ndipo amadziwika kuti "Project of the Century", adamangidwa ku Parana. Pamtsinje.

Brazil ndi mphamvu yachuma yomwe ikubwera padziko lonse lapansi.Mu 2006, GDP yake inali 620.741 biliyoni US dollars, pamtengo wokwana madola 3,300 aku US. Brazil ili ndi chuma chambiri, makamaka chitsulo, uranium, bauxite, manganese, mafuta, gasi lachilengedwe ndi malasha. Mwa zina, nkhokwe zachitsulo zotsimikizika ndi matani 65 biliyoni, ndipo kuchuluka kwake ndikutulutsa kwawo kumakhala koyamba padziko lapansi. Zosungidwa za uranium ore, bauxite ndi manganese ore zonse zili chachitatu padziko lapansi. Dziko la Brazil ndilo dziko lalikulu kwambiri lazachuma ku Latin America, lili ndi mafakitale ambiri, ndipo mtengo wake wamafakitole umakhala woyamba ku Latin America. Zitsulo, magalimoto, zomangamanga, mafuta, mankhwala, magetsi, kupanga nsapato ndi mafakitale ena ali ndi mbiri yotchuka padziko lapansi.Luso laukadaulo wa mphamvu za nyukiliya, kulumikizana, zamagetsi, kupanga ndege, zidziwitso, ndi mafakitale ankhondo zafika pamayiko otsogola padziko lapansi.

Dziko la Brazil ndi lomwe limapanga khofi komanso kugulitsa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo limadziwika kuti "Kingdom Kingdom" .Zomwe zimatulutsa nzimbe ndi zipatso zamchere ndizonso zazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Kupanga kwa soya kumakhala kwachiwiri padziko lapansi, ndipo chimanga chimakhala chachitatu padziko lapansi. Brazil ndiwachitatu wopanga ma confectionery padziko lapansi pambuyo pa United States ndi Germany. Kutulutsa kwapachaka kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana kumafikira 80 biliyoni. Mtengo wapachaka wa msika wama confectionery ndi US $ 500 miliyoni. Imatumiza kunja pafupifupi matani 50,000 a maswiti chaka chilichonse. Dera lolimapo mdziko muno lili pafupifupi mahekitala 400 miliyoni, ndipo limadziwika kuti "nkhokwe yapadziko lonse yazaka za m'ma 2000". Kuweta ziweto ku Brazil kumapangidwa bwino, makamaka kuswana ng'ombe. Makampani opanga zokopa alendo ku Brazil ali ndi mbiri yakale ndipo ndi amodzi mwa omwe akutenga nawo gawo kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi pantchito zokopa alendo. Malo oyendera alendo ndi mipingo ndi nyumba zakale za Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, El Salvador, Brasilia City, Iguazu Falls ndi Itaipu Hydroelectric Power Station, Free Port of Manaus, Black Gold City, Parana Stone Forest ndi Everglades.

Brasilia: Brasilia, likulu la Brazil, idakhazikitsidwa ku 1956. Panthawiyo, Purezidenti Juscelino Kubitschek, wodziwika ndi chitukuko chake, adayesetsa kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha madera akumidzi ndikulimbikitsa kuwongolera maboma.Adagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri ndipo adangotenga miyezi 41 yokha kuti abweretse kutalika kwa mita 1,200 ndikukhala bwinja. Mzinda watsopano wamakono unamangidwa m'chigawo chapakati cha China. Likulu latsopanoli litamalizidwa pa Epulo 21, 1960, panali anthu mazana ochepa chabe.Tsopano wakhala mzinda waukulu wokhala ndi anthu opitilira 2 miliyoni.Tsikuli limadziwikanso kuti tsiku la mzinda wa Brasilia.

Asanakhazikitsidwe likulu ku Brasilia, boma lidakhala ndi "mpikisano wamatauni" womwe sunachitikepo mdziko lonselo. Ntchito ya Lucio Costa idapeza malo oyamba ndipo adalandiridwa. Ntchito ya Costa idalimbikitsidwa ndi mtanda. Mtanda uyenera kuwoloka mitsempha ikuluikulu iwiri limodzi, chifukwa kuti igwirizane ndi mtunda wa Brasilia, umodzi wawo umasandulika arc yokhota kumapeto, ndipo mtandawo umakhala mawonekedwe a ndege yayikulu. Nyumba Yachifumu ya Purezidenti, Nyumba Yamalamulo, ndi Khothi Lalikulu zikuzungulira malo atatu a Powers Square, iliyonse ili ndi mbali zitatu kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kumwera chakumadzulo.Pali nyumba zopitilira 20 zamabokosi okhala ndi malo opitilira 10. Amamangidwa mbali zonse ziwiri za mseu wophatikizika wopanga. Nyumbayi ikuwoneka ngati mphuno ya ndege. Fuselage imapangidwa ndi malo a EXAO avenue ndi malo obiriwira. Mbali zakumanzere ndi kumanja ndi mapiko akumpoto ndi kumwera, omwe amapangidwa ndi malo ogulitsa ndi okhalamo. Njira yayikulu imagawaniza mzindawu kummawa ndi kumadzulo. Pali malo ambiri okhalamo omwe amafanana ndi tofu cubes kumpoto ndi kumwera mapiko, ndipo pali malo ogulitsa pakati pa "tofu cubes" awiriwa. Misewu yonse ilibe mayina ndipo imasiyanitsidwa ndi zilembo zitatu zokha ndi manambala 3, monga SQS307. Makalata awiri oyamba ndi zidule za deralo, ndipo kalata yomaliza ikuwongolera mbali yakumpoto.

Brasília ili ndi nyengo yabwino komanso akasupe chaka chonse. Madera akuluakulu obiriwira ndi nyanja zopangira zozungulira mzindawu zakhala zowoneka bwino mzindawu. Dera lobiriwira la 100 mita, ndiwo mzinda wobiriwira kwambiri padziko lapansi. . Kukula kwake nthawi zonse kumayang'aniridwa ndi boma. Mafakitale onse mumzinda ali ndi "malo osamukira" .Mabanki, madera a hotelo, malo ogulitsa, malo osangalalira, malo okhala, ngakhale kukonzanso magalimoto ali ndi malo okhazikika. Pofuna kuteteza mawonekedwe a "ndege" kuti zisaonongeke, malo okhala atsopano saloledwa kumangidwa mumzinda, ndipo nzika zimayesa kukhala m'mizinda yama satellite kunja kwa mzindawu. Chiyambireni kumalizidwa, udakali mzinda wokongola komanso wamakono, ndipo wabweretsa chitukuko m'chigawo chapakati ndi chakumadzulo kwa Brazil, kudutsa kumwera ndi kumpoto, ndipo kwalimbikitsa chitukuko ndi kupita patsogolo kwa dziko lonselo. Pa Disembala 7, 1987, Brasilia adasankhidwa kukhala "cholowa chachikhalidwe cha anthu" ndi UNESCO, ndikukhala wocheperako pakati pazambiri zabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Rio de Janeiro: Rio De Janeiro (Rio De Janeiro, wotchedwa Rio) ndiye doko lalikulu kwambiri ku Brazil, lomwe lili pagombe lakumadzulo kwa Atlantic Ocean kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Brazil. Ndilo likulu la dziko la Rio de Janeiro komanso mzinda wachiwiri waukulu ku Brazil pambuyo pa Sao Paulo. Rio de Janeiro amatanthauza "Mtsinje wa Januware" m'Chipwitikizi, ndipo amatchulidwa ndi Apwitikizi atanyamuka pano mu Januwale 1505. Ntchito yomanga mzindawu idayamba zaka 60 pambuyo pake. Kuyambira 1763 mpaka 1960 unali likulu la Brazil. Mu Epulo 1960, boma la Brazil lidasamutsira likulu lawo ku Brasilia. Koma masiku ano padakali mabungwe angapo aboma, komanso likulu la mabungwe ndi makampani, motero amadziwikanso kuti "likulu lachiwiri" ku Brazil.

Ku Rio de Janeiro, anthu amatha kuwona nyumba zakale zosamalidwa bwino kulikonse. Ambiri a iwo asandulika maholo osakumbukira kapena museums. National Museum of Brazil ndi amodzi mwa malo osungiramo zinthu zakale odziwika kwambiri padziko lapansi masiku ano, omwe ali ndi zinthu zopitilira 1 miliyoni.

Rio de Janeiro, lozunguliridwa ndi mapiri ndi mitsinje, ili ndi nyengo yabwino ndipo ndiwokopa alendo odziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Ili ndi magombe opitilira 30 okhala ndi kutalika kwa makilomita 200. Pakati pawo, gombe lotchuka kwambiri la "Copacabana" ndi loyera komanso loyera, lopangidwa ndi kachigawo kakang'ono komanso makilomita 8 kutalika. Pamphepete mwa nyanja, pali mahotela amakono okhala ndi malo 20 kapena 30 pansi, okhala ndi migwalangwa yayitali pakati pawo. Malo okongola amzindawu amakopa alendo ambiri. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, pafupifupi 40% mwa alendo opitilira 2 miliyoni opita ku Brazil chaka chilichonse amabwera mumzinda uno.