Croatia, the full name of the Republic of Croatia, covers an area of ​​56538 square kilometers. Located in south-central Europe, northwest of the Balkan Peninsula. It borders Slovenia and Hungary to the northwest and Hungary, Serbia and Montenegro (formerly Yugoslavia), Bosnia and Herzegovina to the east, and the Adriatic Sea to the south. The terrain is divided into three parts: the southwest and south are the Adriatic coast, with numerous islands and a tortuous coastline, 1777.7 kilometers long; the middle and south are plateaus and mountains, and the northeast is the plain. According to the topography, the climate is divided into Mediterranean climate, mountain climate and temperate continental climate.

At the end of the 6th century and the beginning of the 7th century, Slavs immigrated and settled in the Balkans. At the end of the 8th century and the beginning of the 9th century, the Croats established an early feudal state. The powerful Kingdom of Croatia was established in the 10th century. From 1102 to 1527, it was under the rule of the Kingdom of Hungary. From 1527 to 1918, he was ruled by the Habsburgs until the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. In December 1918, Croatia and some southern Slavic peoples jointly established the Kingdom of Serbia-Croatian-Slovenia, which was renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929. In 1941, German and Italian fascists invaded Yugoslavia and established the "Independent State of Croatia". After the victory against fascism in 1945, Croatia merged with Yugoslavia. In 1963, it was renamed the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, and Croatia became one of the six republics. On June 25, 1991, the Republic of Croatia declared its independence, and on October 8 of the same year it officially declared its separation from the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

National flag: It is rectangular, the ratio of length to width is about 3:2. It is composed of three parallel and equal horizontal rectangles, which are red, white and blue from top to bottom. The national emblem is painted in the middle of the flag. Croatia declared its independence from the former Yugoslavia on June 25, 1991. The aforementioned new national flag was put into use on December 22, 1990.

The population of Croatia is 4.44 million (2001). The main ethnic groups are Croatian (89.63%), and the others are Serbian, Hungarian, Italian, Albanian, Czech, etc. The official language is Croatian. The main religion is Catholicism.

Croatia is rich in forest and water resources, with a forest area of ​​2.079 million hectares and a forest coverage rate of 43.5%. In addition, there are resources such as oil, natural gas, and aluminum. The main industrial sectors include food processing, textiles, shipbuilding, construction, electric power, petrochemical, metallurgy, machinery manufacturing and wood processing industries. Croatia’s developed tourism industry is an important part of the national economy and the main source of foreign exchange income. The main scenic spots include the beautiful and charming Adriatic Seashore, Plitvice Lakes and Brijuni Island and other national parks.

Zagreb: Zagreb (Zagreb) is the capital of the Republic of Croatia, located in the northwestern part of Croatia, on the west bank of the Sava River, at the foot of Medvednica Mountain. It covers an area of ​​284 square kilometers. Population of 770,000 (2001). The average temperature in January is -1.6℃, the average temperature in July is 20.9℃, and the annual average temperature is 12.7℃. The average annual precipitation is 890 mm.

Zagreb is a historical city in Central Europe, the original meaning of its name is "trench". The Slavic people settled here in 600 AD, and the city was first seen in historical records in 1093, when it was a Catholic preaching point. Later, two separate castles emerged and a city of a certain size was formed in the 13th century. It was called Zagreb in the early 16th century. In the 19th century, it was the capital of Croatia under the rule of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. During World War II, the city was the capital of Croatia under the rule of the Axis powers. It was the second largest city in the former Yugoslavia, the largest industrial center and cultural center. In 1991 it became the capital of the Republic of Croatia after independence.

The city is an important water and land transportation hub, and the center of roads and railways from Western Europe to the Adriatic coast and the Balkans. Pleso Airport has flights to most parts of Europe. The main industries include metallurgy, machinery manufacturing, electrical machinery, chemicals, wood processing, textiles, printing, pharmaceuticals and food.