ICroatia, igama elipheleleyo leRiphabhlikhi yaseCroatia, igubungela ummandla weekhilomitha ezisisi-56538. Ifumaneka kumazantsi mpuma eYurophu, emantla ntshona ePalkan Peninsula. Imida iSlovenia neHungary ukuya emantla ntshona naseHungary, eSerbia naseMontenegro (eyayisakuba yiYugoslavia), iBosnia neHerzegovina empuma, kunye nolwandle iAdriatic ukuya emazantsi. Indawo leyo yahlulwe yangamacandelo amathathu: umzantsi-ntshona kunye nomazantsi kunxweme iAdriatic, ineziqithi ezininzi kunye nonxweme olunxunguphalisayo, ubude beekhilomitha ezili-1777.7; iindawo ezisembindini nezingasemazantsi ngamathafa neentaba, kwaye emantla mpuma ithafa. Ngokomhlaba, imeko yemozulu yahlulwe yimozulu yeMeditera, imozulu yentaba kunye nemozulu yelizwekazi epholileyo.

Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-6 kunye nasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-7, amaSlav afuduka ahlala kwiiBalkan. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-8 kunye nasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-9, iiCroats zaseka urhulumente wobukhosi bokuqala. Ubukumkani obunamandla baseCroatia bamiselwa ngenkulungwane ye-10. Ukusuka kwi-1102 ukuya kwi-1527, yayiphantsi kolawulo loBukumkani baseHungary. Ukususela ngo-1527 ukuya ku-1918, kwakulawulwa yi-Habsburgs kwada kwawa i-Austro-Hungary. NgoDisemba u-1918, iCroatia kunye namanye amaSlavic asemazantsi ngokudibeneyo aseka uBukumkani baseSerbia-baseCroatia-baseSlovenia, eyabizwa ngokuba bubukumkani baseYugoslavia ngo1929. Ngo-1941, amaFascist aseJamani nawase-Italiya ahlasela iYugoslavia kwaye aseka i "Independent State of Croatia". Emva kokuphumelela ngokuchasene ne-fascism kwi-1945, iCroatia yadibana neYugoslavia. Ngo-1963, yaphinda yathiywa igama lokuba yiRiphabliki yaseSocialist yaseYugoslavia, yaza iCroatia yaba yenye yeeriphabliki ezintandathu. NgoJuni 25, 1991, iRiphabhlikhi yaseCroatia yabhengeza inkululeko yayo, nge-8 ka-Okthobha kwakuloo nyaka yabhengeza ngokusemthethweni ukwahlukana kwayo neFederal Republic yaseYugoslavia.

Iflegi yesizwe: Ingxande, umlinganiso wobude kububanzi malunga ne-3: 2. Iqukethe amaxande amathathu ahambelanayo kunye alinganayo, abomvu, amhlophe kwaye aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi. Umqondiso wesizwe upeyintwe embindini weflegi. ICroatia yabhengeza inkululeko yayo kummandla owawusakuba yiYugoslavia ngoJuni 25, 1991. Iflegi yelizwe entsha ekhankanywe ngasentla yaqalisa ukusetyenziswa ngoDisemba 22, 1990.

Abemi baseCroatia yi-4.44 yezigidi (2001). Owona maqela aphambili ngamaCroatia (89.63%), kwaye amanye ngamaSerbia, amaHungary, amaTaliyane, amaAlbania, amaCzech, njl. Ulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni sisiCroatia. Inkolo ephambili ubuKatolika.

ICroatia ityebile kumahlathi nakwimithombo yamanzi, inendawo yehlathi eyi-2.079 yezigidi zehektare kunye nenqanaba lokugubungela ihlathi le-43.5%. Ukongeza, kukho izixhobo ezifana neoyile, igesi yendalo, kunye nealuminium. Amacandelo aphambili kwimizi-mveliso abandakanya ukulungiswa kokutya, amalaphu, ukwakhiwa kweenqanawa, ulwakhiwo, amandla ombane, ipetroli, isinyithi, ukuvelisa oomatshini kunye nemizi mveliso yokulungisa iinkuni. Icandelo lezokhenketho laseCroatia eliyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yoqoqosho lwesizwe kunye nomthombo ophambili wengeniso yotshintshiselwano lwangaphandle. Ezona ndawo ziphambili zibandakanya ulwandle oluhle noluthandekayo iAdriatic, uLwandle lwePlitvice kunye neBrijuni Island kunye nezinye iipaki zesizwe.

IZagreb: IZagreb (iZagreb) likomkhulu leRiphabhlikhi yaseCroatia, ebekwe kumantla ntshona eCroatia, kunxweme olusentshona loMlambo iSava, emazantsi eNtaba iMedvednica. Ibandakanya indawo yeekhilomitha ezingama-284. Abemi abangama-770,000 (2001). Iqondo lobushushu eliphakathi kuJanuwari ngu -1.6 ℃, iqondo lobushushu eliphakathi ngoJulayi ngama-20.9 ℃, kwaye iqondo lobushushu lonyaka eli-12.7 ℃. Imvulophu yonyaka eyi-890 mm.

IZagreb sisixeko esinembali kwi-Yurophu ekuMbindi. Intsingiselo yentsingiselo yegama layo "ngumsele". Abantu baseSlavic bahlala apha ngo-600 AD, kwaye isixeko sabonwa okokuqala kwiirekhodi zembali ngo-1093, xa yayiyindawo yokushumayela yamaKatolika. Emva kwexesha, kwavela iinqaba ezimbini ezahlukileyo kwaye isixeko esilinganayo senziwa ngenkulungwane ye-13. Yayibizwa ngokuba yiZagreb ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-16. Kwinkulungwane ye-19, yayilikomkhulu laseCroatia phantsi kolawulo loBukhosi base-Austro-Hungary. Ngexesha leMfazwe yesibini (II) yeHlabathi, isixeko sasilikomkhulu laseCroatia phantsi kolawulo lweAxis. Yayiyidolophu yesibini ngobukhulu kwindawo eyayisakuba yiYugoslavia, elona ziko likhulu lemizi-mveliso neziko lenkcubeko. Kwi-1991 yaba likomkhulu leRiphabhlikhi yaseCroatia emva kwenkululeko.

Isixeko sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuhambisa amanzi kunye nomhlaba, kunye neziko leendlela kunye noololiwe ukusuka eNtshona Yurophu ukuya kunxweme lweAdriatic kunye neBalkan. Isikhululo senqwelomoya sasePleso sineenqwelo moya kwiindawo ezininzi zaseYurophu. Amashishini aphambili abandakanya isinyithi, ukuvelisa oomatshini, oomatshini bombane, iikhemikhali, ukulungiswa kwemithi, amalaphu, ushicilelo, amayeza kunye nokutya.