Masar lambar ƙasa +20

Yadda ake bugawa Masar

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IDDlambar ƙasa Lambar birnilambar tarho

Masar Bayani na Asali

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UTC/GMT +2 awa

latitude / longitude
26°41'46"N / 30°47'53"E
iso tsara
EG / EGY
kudin
Pound (EGP)
Harshe
Arabic (official)
English and French widely understood by educated classes
wutar lantarki
Rubuta c Turai 2-pin Rubuta c Turai 2-pin
tutar ƙasa
Masartutar ƙasa
babban birni
Alkahira
jerin bankuna
Masar jerin bankuna
yawan jama'a
80,471,869
yanki
1,001,450 KM2
GDP (USD)
262,000,000,000
waya
8,557,000
Wayar salula
96,800,000
Adadin masu masaukin yanar gizo
200,430
Adadin masu amfani da Intanet
20,136,000

Masar gabatarwa

Misira tana da fadin kasa kilomita murabba'i miliyan 1.0145, ta daidaita Asia da Afirka, ta yi iyaka da Libya zuwa yamma, Sudan daga kudu, da Bahar Maliya a gabas da Falasdinu da Israila a gabas, da kuma Bahar Rum a arewa. Mafi yawan yankuna na Masar suna a arewa maso gabashin Afirka.Kwai yankin Sinai ne dake gabashin Suez Canal yana kudu maso yammacin Asia. Misira tana da gabar teku kusan kilomita 2,900, amma kasa ce ta hamada, tare da kashi 96% na yankinta hamada ne. Kogin Nilu, kogi ne mafi tsayi a duniya, yana tafiyar kilomita 1,350 daga Masar zuwa kudu zuwa arewa, kuma ana kiransa da "Kogin Rai" na Masar.

Misira, cikakken sunan Jamhuriyar Larabawa ta Masar, ya mamaye yanki mai fadin kilomita murabba'in miliyan 1.0145. Ya ratsa Asiya da Afirka, yana iyaka da Libya zuwa yamma, Sudan zuwa kudu, Bahar Maliya a gabas da Falasdinu da Isra’ila a gabas, da Bahar Rum zuwa arewa. Mafi yawan yankuna na Masar suna a arewa maso gabashin Afirka.Kwai yankin Sinai ne dake gabashin Suez Canal yana kudu maso yammacin Asia. Misira tana da gabar teku kusan kilomita 2,900, amma kasa ce ta hamada, tare da kashi 96% na yankinta hamada ne.

Kogin Nilu, kogi ne mafi tsayi a duniya, yana tafiyar kilomita 1,350 a ƙetaren Misira daga kudu zuwa arewa, kuma ana kiransa da "Kogin Rai" a Masar. Theuntatattun kwaruruka da aka kafa a gefen Kogin Nilu da kuma raƙuman ruwa da aka kafa a ƙofar teku su ne wurare masu arziki a Masar. Kodayake wannan yanki yana da kashi 4% na yankin ƙasar, amma yana da gida ga 99% na yawan jama'ar ƙasar. Kogin Suez babbar matattara ce ta zirga-zirga zuwa Turai, Asiya, da Afirka, ta haɗu da Bahar Maliya da Bahar Rum, da kuma haɗa Tekun Atlantika da na Indiya.yana da mahimmancin dabaru da tattalin arziƙi. Manyan tabkuna sune Babban Lake mai Dadi da Tafkin Timsah, da kuma tafkin Nasser (kilomita murabba'in 5,000), babban tafki mafi girma a Afirka wanda Aswan High Dam ya kafa. Duk yankin ya bushe kuma ya bushe. Kogin Nilu da yankunan bakin teku na arewa suna cikin yankin Bahar Rum, tare da matsakaita zafin jiki 12 ℃ a watan Janairu da 26 ℃ a watan Yuli; matsakaicin yanayin shekara-shekara shine 50-200 mm. Yawancin yankunan da suka rage suna cikin yanayin hamada mai zafi, mai zafi da bushe, zafin jiki a yankin hamada zai iya kaiwa 40 ℃, kuma yawan ruwan sama na shekara-shekara bai wuce 30 mm ba. Daga Afrilu zuwa Mayu na kowace shekara, galibi ana samun "iska mai shekaru 50", wanda ke shigar da yashi da duwatsu kuma yana lalata amfanin gona.

An kasa kasar zuwa larduna 26, tare da kananan hukumomi, birane, gundumomi da kauyuka a karkashin lardin.

Misira tana da tarihi mai tsayi .. unasar dunkulallen bautar ta bayyana a shekara ta 3200 BC. Koyaya, a cikin dogon tarihi, Masar ta sha fama da mamayewar ƙasashen waje da yawa kuma Farisawa, Helenawa, Romawa, Larabawa, da Turkawa sun ci ta da yaƙi. A karshen karni na 19, sojojin Birtaniyya suka mamaye kasar Masar kuma ta zama "kasar masu ba da kariya" ta Biritaniya. A ranar 23 ga watan Yulin 1952, "Officungiyar Offican 'Yan Sanda" a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Nasser ta rusa daular Farouk, suka karɓi ikon ƙasar, kuma suka kawo ƙarshen tarihin mulkin baƙi na Masar. A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 1953, aka ba da sanarwar Jamhuriyar Masar, a 1971 kuma aka sauya mata suna zuwa Jamhuriyar Larabawa ta Masar.

Misira tana da yawan jama'a sama da miliyan 73.67, galibinsu suna rayuwa a cikin kwari da delta. Larabawa galibi. Musulunci addinin kasa ne kuma mabiyan sa galibi Sunni ne, wanda ya kai kashi 84% na yawan mutanen. Kiristocin 'yan Koftik da sauran masu bi suna da kimanin kashi 16%. Yaren hukuma shine Larabci, Ingilishi na gaba ɗaya da Faransanci.

Babban albarkatun da ke Masar sune man fetur, iskar gas, fosfat, ƙarfe da sauransu. A shekarar 2003, kasar Masar ta gano danyen mai a cikin zurfin tekun Bahar Rum a karon farko, ta gano mafi girman filin Gas a yau a yankin Hamadar Yammaci, sannan ta bude bututun iskar gas na farko zuwa Jordan. Aswan Dam yana daya daga cikin manyan madatsan ruwa guda bakwai a duniya, tare da samar da wutar lantarki a shekara sama da biliyan 10 na kWh. Misira tana daya daga cikin kasashen da suka ci gaba a Afirka, amma tushen masana'antunta ba shi da karfi sosai.Yankin da sarrafa abinci masana'antu ne na gargajiya, wanda ya kai sama da rabin jimillar darajar kayayyakin masarufin. A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, kayan sawa da na fata, kayan gini, siminti, takin zamani, magunguna, kayayyakin leken hannu da kayan daki sun bunkasa cikin sauri, kuma takin gargajiya na iya wadatar da kansu. Masana'antar man fetur ta haɓaka cikin sauri musamman, wanda ya kai 18.63% na GDP.

Tattalin arzikin Misira ya mamaye harkar noma. Noma yana da mahimmin matsayi a cikin tattalin arzikin kasa.Yawancin noma ya kai kimanin kashi 56% na yawan mutanen kasar, kuma darajar kayan amfanin gona ya kai kimanin 18% na yawan kayan kasar. Kwarin Nile da Delta sune yankunan da suka fi arziki a Masar, masu arzikin kayayyakin gona kamar su auduga, alkama, shinkafa, gyada, kanwa, dabino, 'ya'yan itace da kayan marmari, kuma auduga mai dogon fiber da citta sanannu ne a duniya. Gwamnati na baiwa ci gaban noma da fadada kasar noma muhimmanci sosai. Babban kayan aikin gona sune auduga, alkama, shinkafa, masara, rake, dawa, flax, gyada, 'ya'yan itace, kayan marmari, da sauransu. Kayayyakin aikin gona galibi suna fitar da auduga, dankali da shinkafa. Masar tana da dadadden tarihi, da kyawawan halaye, da wurare masu ban sha'awa da yawa, kuma tana da kyakkyawan yanayi na bunkasa yawon bude ido. Babban wuraren jan hankalin 'yan yawon bude ido su ne: Pyramids, Sphinx, Masallacin Al-Azhar, Tsohon Masallaci, Greco-Roman Museum, Catba Castle, Montazah Palace, Luxor Temple, Karnak Temple, Kwarin Sarakuna, Aswan Dam da dai sauransu. Kudin shigar yawon bude ido na daya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin samun kudaden musaya na kasashen waje a Masar.

Yawancin pyramids, haikalin da tsoffin kaburbura da aka samo a kwarin Nilu, Bahar Rum, da kuma Hamada ta Yamma duk abubuwan tarihi ne na wayewar Masar. Fiye da dala 80 aka gano a Misira. Theananan dalaram uku da sphinx ɗaya suna tsaye darajarsu a lardin Giza na Alkahira kan Kogin Nilu suna da tarihin kusan shekaru 4,700. Mafi girma shine Pyramid na Khufu.Ya dauki kimanin shekaru 20 kafin mutane 100,000 su gina shi daki-daki. Sphinx ya fi tsayin sama da mita 20 kuma tsawonsa ya kai kimanin mita 50. An sassaka shi a kan wani babban dutse. Pyramids na Giza da Sphinx abubuwan banmamaki ne a cikin tarihin gine-ginen ɗan adam, sannan kuma abin tarihi ne ga aiki tuƙuru da kuma fitacciyar hikimar jama'ar Masar. Babban birnin Alkahira (Alkahira) ya ratsa Kogin Nilu, yana da girma da daukaka. Cibiyar kasuwanci. Ya ƙunshi lardin Alkahira, Giza da Qalyub kuma an fi saninsa da Babban Alkahira. Babban Alkahira shine birni mafi girma a Misira da Larabawa, kuma ɗayan tsoffin biranen duniya. Tana da yawan mutane miliyan 7.799 (Janairu 2006).

Kirkirar Alkahira ana iya komawa ga tsohuwar Masarautar kusan 3000 BC. A matsayinta na babban birni, shi ma yana da tarihin sama da shekaru dubu. Kimanin kilomita 30 kudu maso yamma da shi, shine babban birni na Memphis. A kan shimfidar shimfidar fili, a tsakiyar ciyawar, akwai wata karamar tsakar gida.Wannan ita ce Gidan Tarihi na Memphis. Akwai wani katon mutum-mutumi dutse na Fir'auna Ramsey II wanda ke da dogon tarihi. A tsakar gida, akwai sphinx, tsayayye, wuri ne da mutane zasu yi jinkiri da daukar hoto.

Alkahira tana cikin cibiyoyin sufuri na Turai, Asiya da Afirka.Ana ganin mutane masu launin launin fata suna tafiya a kan tituna. Mazaunan wurin suna da dogayen riguna da hannayen riga, kamar dai yadda yake a da. A wasu unguwannin, lokaci-lokaci zaka ga 'yan matan kauye suna hawa jakuna suna kiwo. Wannan na iya zama asalin tsohuwar Alkahira ko ragowar tsohon Alkahira, amma babu laifi. Tarihin tarihi har yanzu yana dauke da wannan mashahurin birni akan hanyarsa ta zuwa zamani.

Aswan Aswan gari ne mai muhimmanci a kudancin Misira, babban birnin Lardin Aswan, kuma sanannen jan hankalin masu yawon bude ido. Ya kasance a gefen gabashin Kogin Nil kilomita 900 kudu da babban birnin Alkahira, ita ce ƙofar kudu ta Masar. Yankin tsakiyar garin Aswan karami ne, kuma karuwar ruwan kogin Nilu da ke arewa yana kara masa shimfidar wurare da yawa. A zamanin da, akwai wuraren aika sakonni da bariki, sannan kuma ya kasance muhimmiyar tashar ciniki tare da makwabta na kudu. Masana'antu da ke akwai kamar su masaku, yin sukari, sunadarai da yin fata. Ya bushe kuma yayi laushi a lokacin hunturu kuma wuri ne mai kyau don warkewa da bincike.

Akwai gidajen tarihi da lambunan lambuna a cikin birni. Dam din Aswan da aka gina akan Kogin Nilu na kusa shine ɗayan manyan madatsun ruwa guda bakwai a duniya. Ya ratsa Kogin Nilu, babban kwazazzabin ya fita daga Kogin Pinghu, kuma babbar hasumiyar tunawa da madatsar ruwan tana tsaye a gefen kogin. Dam din mai gada mai kama da zobe yana kama da dogon bakan gizo a hayin Kogin Nilu. Babban jikin babban dam din yana da tsayin mita 3,600 da tsayin mita 110. Ginin ya fara ne a 1960 tare da taimakon Soviet Union kuma an kammala shi a 1971. Ya ɗauki fiye da shekaru 10 kuma ya ci kusan dala biliyan 1. Ya yi amfani da kayan gini na mitakyub miliyan 43, wanda ya ninka na Babban Pyramid sau 17. Haɗaɗɗen ban ruwa ne, jigilar kayayyaki, da samar da wutar lantarki. Yi amfani da injiniya. Akwai ramuka guda 6 a cikin babban dam din, kowannensu yana da tashoshin ruwa guda biyu, kowannensu yana dauke da injin janareta na lantarki, raka'a 13 gaba daya, an kara karfin wutar lantarki zuwa 500,000 na wutar lantarki a Alkahira da Nile Delta. Babban madatsar ruwan ta sarrafa ambaliyar ruwa kuma ta kawar da ambaliyar ruwa da fari. Bayan kammala babban madatsar ruwan, an kirkiro wani tabki na wucin gadi da ke kewaye da tsaunuka-Ruwan Aswan a kudancin babban madatsar. Tafkin yana da tsawon sama da kilomita 500 tare da fadin tsawon kilomita 12 kuma yanki mai murabba'in kilomita 6,500. Ita ce tafki ta biyu mafi girma da mutum yayi a duniya. Zurfinsa (mita 210) da karfin ajiyar ruwa (mita biliyan 182) shine na farko a duniya.