Georgia tana da fadin kasa kilomita murabba'i 69,700. Tana cikin tsakiya da yammacin Transcaucasus da ke haɗa Eurasia, gami da duka bakin tekun Bahar na Transcaucasus, tsakiyar tsakiyar Kogin Kura da Kwarin Alazani, yanki ne na Kogin Kura. Tana iyaka da tekun Bahar Maliya ta yamma, Turkiyya daga kudu maso yamma, Rasha daga arewa, da Azerbaijan da Jamhuriyar Armenia zuwa kudu maso gabas. Kimanin kashi biyu bisa uku na duk yankin yankuna ne masu tsaunuka da piedmont, tare da ƙananan filaye kusan 13% kawai. Yammacin yana da yanayin ruwan teku mai danshi, kuma gabas tana da busasshiyar yanayin canjin yanayi.

Bayani

Georgia tana da fadin kilomita murabba'in 69,700. Yana cikin tsakiyar yammacin Transcaucasus wanda ya haɗu da Eurasia, gami da dukkanin bakin tekun Bahar Maliya na Transcaucasia, tsakiyar tsakiyar Kogin Kura da Kwarin Alazani, wani yanki ne na Kogin Kura. Tana iyaka da tekun Bahar Maliya ta yamma, Turkiyya daga kudu maso yamma, Rasha daga arewa, da Azerbaijan da Jamhuriyar Armenia zuwa kudu maso gabas. Kimanin kashi biyu bisa uku na duk yankin yankuna ne masu tsaunuka da piedmont, tare da ƙananan filaye kusan 13% kawai. A arewa akwai Manyan Manyan Caucasus, a kudu kuma akwai erananan Caananan Caucasus Mountains, kuma a tsakiya akwai ƙananan tsaunuka, da filaye da filayen ƙasa. Babban Caucasus yana da kololuwa da yawa sama da mita 4000 sama da matakin teku, kuma mafi girman tsauni a cikin yankin, Shikhara, ya kai mita 5,068 sama da matakin teku. Babban kogunan sune Kura da Rioni. Akwai Lake Parawana da Lake Ritsa. Yammacin yana da yanayin ruwan teku mai danshi, kuma gabas tana da busasshiyar yanayin canjin yanayi. Yanayin ya banbanta sosai a duk yankin.Shi mai tsawan mita 490 zuwa 610 yana da yanayin yanayi, kuma yankuna mafi girma suna da yanayin sanyi, yankin da yake sama da mita 2000 yana da yanayi mai tsayi ba tare da rani ba, kuma yankin sama da mita 3500 yana da dusar ƙanƙara duk shekara.

A cikin karni na 6 BC, an kafa masarautar bauta ta Korshida a cikin Georgia ta zamani, kuma an kafa ƙasar da za ta yi yaƙi a ƙarni na 4 zuwa na 6 AD. Daga karni na 6 zuwa na 10 Miladiyya, tana karkashin mulkin Daular Sassanid ta Iran, da daular Byzantine da ta Larabawa. Daga karni na 6 zuwa na 10 miladiyya, asalin kasar Georgia ya samu asali, kuma daga 8 zuwa farkon karni na 9, an kafa masarautun Kakhtya, Elegin, Tao-Klarzhet da Masarautar Abkhazia. A cikin ƙarni na 13 zuwa na 14, Mongol Tatar da Timurs sun mamaye a jere. Daga 15 zuwa farkon ƙarni na 17, masarautu da mulkoki da yawa masu zaman kansu sun bayyana a Georgia. Daga ƙarni na 16 zuwa 18, Georgia ta kasance abin da ake gasa tsakanin Iran da Turkiyya. Daga 1801 zuwa 1864, Principalities na Georgia sun hade da Tsarist Russia kuma sun canza zuwa lardin Tiflis da Kutaisi. A cikin 1918 Jamusawa, sojojin Turkiya da na Ingila sun mamaye Georgia. A ranar 5 ga Disamba, 1936, Jamhuriyar Soviet ta Soviet Socialist Republic ta zama jamhuriyar Soviet Union. An fitar da Sanarwar ‘Yancin kai a ranar 4 ga Nuwamba, 1990, kuma aka sauya wa kasar suna zuwa Jamhuriyar Georgia. Bayan wargajewar Tarayyar Soviet, Georgia ta ayyana 'yanci a ranar 9 ga Afrilu, 1991, kuma a hukumance ta shiga CIS a ranar 22 ga Oktoba, 1993. A shekarar 1995, Jamhuriyar Georgia ta zartar da sabon kundin tsarin mulki, inda ta sauya sunan kasar daga asalin Jamhuriyar Georgia zuwa Georgia.

Tutar: A ranar 14 ga Janairun 2004, majalisar dokokin Georgia ta zartar da doka, inda ta yanke shawarar daina amfani da asalin tutar ƙasar da aka ƙayyade a 1990 kuma ta maye gurbin ta da "farin tutar ƙasa, 5 "Jar gicciye" sabuwar tutar ƙasa.

Georgia tana da yawan jama'a miliyan 4.401 (Janairu 2006). Yan Georgia sun kai kashi 70.1%, Armenia sunkai 8.1%, Russia sun kai 6.3%, Azarbaijan kuwa 5,7%, Ossetia 3%, Abkhazia sun kai 1.8%, Helenawa kuma 1.9%. Yaren hukuma shine Georgia, kuma yawancin mazaunan suna ƙwarewa cikin yaren Rasha. Mafi yawansu sun yi imani da Cocin Orthodox kuma 'yan kadan sun yi imani da Islama.

Georgia ƙasa ce ta masana'antu da noma wacce ke da ƙarancin albarkatun ƙasa.Manyan ma'adanai sun haɗa da gawayi, tagulla, ƙarafan polymetallic, da dutse mai daraja. Akwai wadatattun albarkatun manganese da wadatattun albarkatun ruwa. Masana'antun masana'antu sun mamaye albarkatun manganese, ferroalloys, bututun ƙarfe, locomotives na lantarki, manyan motoci, kayan aikin injin yankan ƙarfe, karafan kankare, da dai sauransu, musamman don hakar ma'adinan manganese. Kayan masana'antar haske sun shahara wajen sarrafa abinci, kuma manyan kayayyakin sune abincin gwangwani da ruwan inabi. Ruwan inabi na Jojiya sun shahara a duk duniya. Aikin noma yafi hada da masana'antar shayi, Citrus, inabi da noman itacen 'ya'yan itace. Kula da kiwon dabbobi da dabbobin daji sun bunkasa sosai. Manyan albarkatun tattalin arziki sune taba, sunflower, waken soya, sugar beet da sauransu. Koyaya, noman hatsi yayi ƙaranci kuma bazai iya wadatar da kansa ba. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, Georgia ta kuma gano wadataccen mai da iskar gas a yankuna yamma, gabas da Bahar Maliya. Akwai sanannun sanannun wuraren murmurewa na lokacin bazara da yankuna masu warkewa a cikin Georgia, kamar Gagra da Sukhumi.

Manyan biranen

Tbilisi: Tbilisi ita ce babban birnin Georgia kuma cibiyar siyasa, tattalin arziki, da al'adu ta ƙasa. Hakanan sanannen babban birni ne a cikin yankin Transcaucasus. Tana tsakanin Manyan Caucasus da theananan Caucasus, a wurin dabarun Transcaucasus, yana iyaka da Kogin Kura, tare da tsayin 406 zuwa 522 mita. Kogin Kura ya ratsa ta wata babbar kwazazzabo a cikin Tbilisi kuma ya kwarara daga arewa maso yamma zuwa kudu maso gabas a cikin tsattsauran tsari. Dukkanin garin sun miƙe zuwa tsaunuka a gefen Kogin Kura a matakai. Tana da yanki na kilomita murabba'in 348.6, yawan jama'a miliyan 1.2 (2004), da matsakaicin zazzabi na shekara 12.8 ° C.

Dangane da bayanan tarihi, a karni na 4 Miladiyya, wani sulhu mai suna Tbilisi a gefen Kogin Kura ya zama babban birnin Georgia. Rikodin farko na Tbilisi a cikin adabi shine kewaye da mamayewar baƙi a cikin 460s. Tun daga wannan lokacin, tarihin Tbilisi yana da alaƙa har abada tare da dogon yaƙi da kwanciyar hankali na ɗan gajeren lokaci, lalata mugunta na yaƙe-yaƙe, da manyan gine-gine, wadata da koma baya bayan yakin.

Tibilisi ya mamaye Farisa a cikin ƙarni na 6, kuma Byzantium da Larabawa a ƙarni na 7. A cikin 1122, David II ya dawo da Tbilisi kuma an ayyana shi a matsayin babban birnin Georgia. Mongollas sun kama shi a cikin 1234, Timur sun wawashe ta a 1386, sannan kuma Turkawa sun kame ta sau da yawa. A cikin 1795, Farisawa sun cinnawa garin wuta, suna mai da Tbilisi ƙasa mai ƙuna. Daga 1801 zuwa 1864, Principalities na Georgia sun haɗu zuwa Daular Rasha, kuma Tbilisi ta haɗu da Rasha. Kafin 1921, Tarayyar Soviet ta ayyana shi a matsayin babban birnin Jamhuriyar Georgia, kuma tun daga wannan lokacin aka fara ayyukan manyan biranen da ba a taɓa yin irinsu ba. Bayan shekaru da yawa na ci gaba da gine-gine, Tbilisi ta zama ɗayan kyawawan birane masu daɗi a tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet. A ranar 9 ga Afrilu, 1991, Jamhuriyar Georgia ta ayyana ‘yancinta kuma Tbilisi ita ce babban birni.

Kyakkyawan Kwalejin Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwalejin Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Halittu tana can a can kudu maso gabashin tsohuwar gidan tarihin. Lambunan Botanical na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Georgia. Akwai wurin wanka anan, kuma a zamanin da yana da mahimmin yanki wurin shakatawa a Tbilisi. Wannan rukuni ne na gine-ginen wanka irin na crypt.Mutane suna amfani da ruwan bazara mai zafi wanda yake dauke da sinadarin sulphur da ma'adanai daga tsaunin Tabor dake kusa da shi don yin wanka. Ya zama sanannen yankin wurin yawon shakatawa. Tafiya arewa ta hanyar Bath Street kuma zaku isa Kogin Kura Babban mutum-mutumin mai hawan doki wanda ya kafa tsoffin garin Tbilisi yana tsaye a kan doguwar ƙasa da ke arewacin Kogin Kura.

Tbilisi ita ce cibiyar masana'antu ta Georgia, tana mai da hankali kan masana'antun masana'antu da masana'antar sarrafa ƙarfe, masaku, taba, tanning da sauran masana'antar haske, mai, kayayyakin kiwo da sauran abinci. Hakanan masana'antar sarrafawa ta haɓaka ƙwarai. Har ila yau, garin ya kasance muhimmiyar cibiyar jigilar kayayyaki a cikin Caucasus Babban layin dogo ya hada Batumi, Baku, Yerevan da sauran wurare, kuma akwai hanyoyi da yawa da suke tsallaka nan, suna hada waje da arewacin Caucasus tare, da tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet da yankunan da ke kewaye da ita, da Turai. Akwai hanyoyin jiragen sama a wasu manyan biranen kasar.