Jordan, fully known as the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, covers an area of ​​96,188 square kilometers. It is located in western Asia and is part of the Arabian plateau. It borders the Red Sea to the south, Syria to the north, Iraq to the northeast, Saudi Arabia to the southeast and south, and Palestine and Israel to the west. It is basically a landlocked country, and the Gulf of Aqaba is the only outlet to the sea. The terrain is high in the west and low in the east. The west is mountainous, and the east and southeast are deserts. Deserts account for more than 80% of the country's area. The Jordan River flows into the Dead Sea through the west. The Dead Sea is a saltwater lake, the surface of which is 392 meters below sea level, which is the lowest point on land in the world. The western mountainous area has a subtropical Mediterranean climate.

Jordan was originally part of Palestine. The earliest city-state was built in the 13th century BC. It was successively ruled by Assyria, Babylon, Persia and Macedonia. The seventh century belongs to the territory of the Arab Empire. It belonged to the Ottoman Empire in the 16th century. After the First World War, it became a British mandate. In 1921, the United Kingdom divided Palestine into east and west with the Jordan River as its border. The west was still called Palestine and the east was called Trans-Jordan. Abdullah, the second son of the former Hanzhi King Hussein, became the chief of the Trans-Jordan emirate. In February 1928, Britain and Transjordan signed a 20-year British Treaty Agreement. On March 22, 1946, Britain was forced to recognize the independence of Transjordan. On May 25 of the same year, Abdullah became king (Emir), and the country was named the Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan. In 1948, after the expiry of the British treaty agreement, Britain forced Transjordan to sign a 20-year British "Alliance Treaty." In May 1948, Jordan occupied 4,800 square kilometers of land in the West Bank of the Jordan River in the first Arab-Israeli War. In April 1950, the West Bank and East Bank of the Jordan River merged to be called the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.

National flag: It is a horizontal rectangle with a ratio of length to width of 2:1. On the side of the flagpole is a red isosceles triangle with a white seven-pointed star; from top to bottom on the right side is a wide parallel strip of black, white and green. The above four colors are pan-Arabic, and the white seven-pointed star symbolizes the Quran.

Jordan has a population of 4.58 million (1997). The majority are Arabs, of which 60% are Palestinians. There are also a few Turkmen, Armenians and Kyrgyz. Arabic is the national language and English is commonly used. More than 92% of the residents believe in Islam and belong to the Sunni sect; about 6% believe in Christianity, mainly Greek Orthodox.

Amman: Amman is the capital of Jordan and the largest city in the country, the economic and cultural center, the capital of Amman Province, and an important commercial and financial center in West Asia And transportation center. Located in the hilly area of ​​the eastern part of the Ajloun Mountains, near the Amman River and its tributaries, it is known as the "city of seven mountains" because it is located on 7 hills. With the massive increase in Palestinian immigration since the 1967 Arab-Israeli War, the urban area has expanded to the surrounding hills. A population of 2.126 million people (accounting for 38.8% of the country’s total population in 2003. The climate is pleasant, with an average temperature of 25.6℃ in August and 8.1℃ in January.

Amman is a famous ancient city in West Asia, as early as 3000 years ago Amman was the capital of a small kingdom, called La Paz Amman at the time. The Amon people who believed in the ancient Egyptian sun goddess (the goddess Amon) once built their capital here, called "Amon", which means "be The blessing of Goddess Amon". Historically, the city was invaded by Assyria, Chaldea, Persia, Greece, Macedonia, Arabia, and Ottoman Turkey. In the Macedonian era, it was called Firterfia, and it was conquered by the Arabs in 635. , Was originally called Amman. In the early Medieval times, it was always one of the trade centers and transportation routes in West Asia and North Africa. It declined after the 7th century. It became the capital of the Trans-Jordan emirate in 1921. It became the capital of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in 1946.

Amman is a domestic commercial, financial and international trade center. There are food, textile, tobacco, paper, leather, cement and other industries. It is a major domestic transportation hub. There are highways leading to Jerusalem, Aqaba and Saudi Arabia. There are vertical The railway passing through the border. The southern Alia Airport is an international air station and an air force base. The ancient city of West Asia, a tourist attraction, has many historical monuments.