Kyrgyzstan, izita rakazara reKyrgyz Republic, inzvimbo yakakura makiromita makiromita 198 500. Inyika yakavharirwa muCentral Asia.Iyo inoganhurana neKazakhstan, Uzbekistan neTajikistan kuchamhembe, kumadokero nekumaodzanyemba, uye Xinjiang, China kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva. Kune vavakidzani. Iyo nharaunda ine makomo uye inozivikanwa se "Mountain Nyika yeCentral Asia". Iyo nharaunda yese iri pamusoro pemamita mazana mashanu pamusoro pegungwa, 90% yenharaunda iri pamusoro pemamita 1500 pamusoro pegungwa, chetatu chenzvimbo yacho chiri pakati pe 3000 kusvika 4000 metres pamusoro pegungwa, uye mana-mashanu echishanu inzvimbo dzemakomo dzine makomo anorema nemakomo echando pakati pemakomo. Mipata yakapararira uye inonakidza, ine nzvimbo dzinoyevedza. Tianshan Mountains uye Pamir-Alai Makomo anotambanudza kuyambuka muganho pakati peChina neKyrgyzstan. Shengli Peak ndiyo yepamusoro nzvimbo, 7439 metres kumusoro. Nzvimbo dzakadzika dzinogara chete 15% yenzvimbo yepasi uye dzinonyanya kugoverwa muFergana Basin kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero uye Taras Valley kuchamhembe. Iyo alpine terrain inopa yakanaka mamiriro ekukura kwemhando dzakasiyana dzemhuka nezvinomera. Kyrgyzstan ine mhuka dzakasiyana siyana uye zvirimwa, ine mhando dzinosvika zviuru zvina zvemiti, uye ine mukurumbira we "mountain oasis". Kune miti yemapichisi kumaodzanyemba kwezviuru zvemakore, uye kune mhuka dzisingawanzo tsvuku nondo, shava rebere, lynx, chando ingwe, nezvimwewo mumakomo. Nzizi huru iRwizi rweNaryn neChu. Iine mamiriro ekunze ekondinendi. Ivhareji tembiricha mumipata yakawanda ndeye -6 ° C muna Ndira uye 15 kusvika 25 ° C muna Chikunguru. Kunaya kwegore negore kuri 200 mm pakati nepakati 800 mm kumateru ekuchamhembe nekumadokero. Inowanikwa mumakomo marefu kumabvazuva, Lake Issyk-Kul ine kukwirira kwemamita anodarika chiuru nemazana matanhatu nenzvimbo yemakiromita anopfuura mazana matatu nemazana matatu nemakumi matatu nemazana matanhatu.Ine yakadzika kwazvo mvura uye yechipiri mvura inocherekedza huwandu pakati pemakungwa epasi rese emakomo. Dziva iri rakajeka uye rebhuruu risina kutonhora gore rese. Iri izita rakakurumbira "rinopisa" kure nekure. Iyo inozivikanwa se "Pearl reCentral Asia" uye inzvimbo yevashanyi muCentral Asia. Mamiriro ekunze enzvimbo yegungwa anonakidza, uye mvura nemakomo akanaka. Iyo madhaka edziva ane akasiyana ekutsvaga zvinhu, ayo anogona kurapa akasiyana siyana ezvirwere.

Nyika yakakamurwa kuita matunhu manomwe nemaguta maviri.Matunhu nemaguta akapatsanurwa kuita matunhu.Kune matunhu makumi matanhatu munyika. Matunhu manomwe nemaguta maviri anosanganisira: Chuhe, Taras, Osh, Jalalabad, Naryn, Issyk-Kul, Batken, guta guru, Bishkek, neOsh.

Kyrgyzstan ine nhoroondo refu, ine zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa muzana ramakore rechitatu BC. Wakautangira yaive Kyrgyz Khanate yakagadzwa muzana ramakore rechitanhatu. Rudzi rweKyrgyz rwakaumbwa zvakanyanya muhafu yepiri yezana regumi nesere. Muzana ramakore rechi 16, akatamira kune kwaanogara iye zvino kubva kumusoro kwepamusoro kwerwizi rweYenisei. Muhafu yekutanga yezana ramakore rechi19, yekumadokero yaive yeKokand Khanate. Yakabatanidzwa muRussia muna 1876. Muna 1917, Kyrgyzstan yakagadza masimba eSoviet, ikava nzvimbo yakazvimiririra muna 1924, yakagadza Kyrgyz Soviet Socialist Republic muna 1936 ndokubatana neSoviet Union, yakazivisa rusununguko muna Nyamavhuvhu 31, 1991, ikashandura zita rayo kuva Kyrgyz Republic, uye musi waZvita 21 wegore rimwe chetero. Japan yakabatana neCIS.

Mureza wenyika: Iyo yakatenderera yakatenderera, chiyero chehurefu kusvika paupamhi chingangoita 5: 3. Mureza pasi wakatsvuka. Zuva regoridhe rakarembera pakati pomureza, uye pane denderedzwa patani yakafanana nepasi riri pakati peiyo zuva patani. Dzvuku rinomiririra kukunda, zuva rinomiririra chiedza nekudziya, uye denderedzwa patani inomiririra rusununguko, kubatana, uye kubatana kwenyika uye hushamwari. Kyrgyzstan yakava republic yeyaimbova Soviet Union muna 1936. Kubva 1952, yakagamuchira mureza mutsvuku une nyeredzi-dzakatarwa shanu, jeko, uye sando.Pane mutsetse wakachenuruka wakachena pakati pemureza uye webhuruu kumusoro uye pasi. Muna Nyamavhuvhu 1991, rusununguko rwakaziviswa uye mureza wazvino wenyika wakagamuchirwa.

Huwandu hwevanhu veKyrgyzstan ndeye 5.065 mamirioni (2004). Kune anopfuura makumi masere emadzinza, anosanganisira 65% eKyrgyz, 14% yeUzbeks, 12.5% ​​yekuRussia, 1.1% yevaDungans, 1% yevaUkraine, uye vamwe vese maKorea, Uyghurs, uye Tajiks. 70% yevagari vanotenda muIslam, vazhinji vacho maSunni, anoteverwa neOrthodox kana Katurike. Mutauro wenyika chiKyrgyz (iro Kyrgyz-Chichak boka rebazi reEast-Hungarian remhuri yemutauro weTurkic). Muna Zvita 2001, Mutungamiriri Kyrgyzstan akasaina gwaro rebumbiro, richipa chinzvimbo cheRussia mutauro mutauro.

Kyrgyzstan yakavakirwa pane akawanda masisitimu evaridzi uye hupfumi hwayo hunotongwa nekurima nekuchengetwa kwemhuka. Iyo indasitiri yemagetsi uye kuchengeta zvipfuyo zvakagadziriswa. Akapfuma mune zviwanikwa, izvo zvicherwa zvikuru zvinosanganisira goridhe, marasha, sirivheri, antimony, tungsten, tini, zinc, mercury, lead, uranium, mafuta, gasi rechisikigo, simbi isina-feri uye simbi isingawanzo, etc. Kuburitswa kwemarasha kwechipiri kune hakuna kuCentral Asia nyika uye kunozivikanwa Se "Central Asia Coal Scuttle", kugadzirwa kweantimony kunova pechitatu pasi rose, kugadzirwa kwetini nemekiyuri zvinopinda pechipiri muCIS, uye zvigadzirwa zvesimbi zvisina-feri zvinotengeswa kunyika dzinopfuura makumi mana. Iyo hydropower zviwanikwa yakapfuma.Hydropower chizvarwa chechipiri chete kuTajikistan pakati peCentral Asia nyika, uye iyo hydropower zviwanikwa iri pechitatu muCIS.

Maindasitiri makuru anosanganisira kuchera, magetsi, mafuta, makemikari, simbi dzisingaiti, kugadzirwa kwemuchina, kugadzirwa kwehuni, zvekuvakisa, indasitiri yechiedza, chikafu, nezvimwe. Kuvandudzwa kwekugadzirwa kwegoridhe ndiyo nyika inoshanda zvakanyanya mukusimudzira kusimudzira hupfumi hwenyika. . Kugadzirwa kwegoridhe kwaingova matani 1.5 chete muna1996, uye kwakakwira kusvika pamatani gumi nematanhatu muna1997, ichitora chechitatu mushure meRussia neUzbekistan muCIS. Indasitiri yezvikafu inotungamirwa nenyama uye zvigadzirwa zvemukaka uye maupfu neshuga maindasitiri. Iyo yekurima goho kukosha inoverengera inopfuura hafu yeiyo yakazara nyika chigadzirwa uye inotungamirwa nekuchengetwa kwemhuka, kunyanya kufudza hwai. Sinou inonyunguduka kubva mumakomo yashandura hafu yenharaunda yenyika kuita makomo ehuswa uye mafuro emakomo ane mafuro mazhinji, uye zvikamu zvitatu zvezvikamu zvevhu rinorimwa renyika zvinodiridzwa. Huwandu hwemabhiza nehwai uye hwekugadzira makushe chinzvimbo chechipiri muCentral Asia. Zvirimwa zvikuru igorosi, sugar beet, chibage, fodya nezvimwewo. Iyo nzvimbo yekurima ndeye 1,077 miriyoni mahekita, ayo 1.008 mamirioni mahekita akakodzera kurima, uye huwandu hwevanhu vekurima vanodarika zvinopfuura 60%. Kyrgyzstan ine mukana wakakura wekusimudzira kwekushanya, kunyanya kushanya kwemakomo.Pane nzvimbo huru yemakomo uye mazana emadhamu emakomo munharaunda.Dziva rakakura kwazvo reIsskk-Kul nderimwe remakungwa akadzika kwazvo pasi, riri pakakwirira kwemamita 1608. , Zvinoreva kuti "dziva rinopisa", harina kumboomeswa nechando.Rine nzvimbo dzinoyevedza nemamiriro ekunze anofadza, nekristaro yakajeka yemaminerari mvura uye madhaka edziva ayo anogona kushandiswa pakurapa.

Bishkek : Bishkek, guta guru reKyrgyzstan, yakavambwa muna 1878. Iri muChu River Valley pasi peMakomo eKyrgyz. Guta rakakosha uye guta rine mukurumbira muCentral Asia. Vagari vemo 797 700 (Ndira 2003). Chu River Valley iri chikamu cheTianshan Ancient Road.Iyo nzira ipfupi inobatanidza nzvimbo dzine huswa dzeCentral Asia nemarenje ekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweChina.Ichowo chikamu chinotyisa mumugwagwa wekare wegomo. Waive uyu mugwagwa wakatorwa naXuanzang muTang Dynasty kudzidza kubva kumadokero. Unodaidzwa kuti "Mugwagwa wekare weSilika". ". Panguva iyoyo, guta iri raive guta rakakosha mumugwagwa uyu uye raimbova nhare yeKokand Khanate yekare. Bishkek akadaidzwa kunzi Pishbek 1926 isati yasvika, ndokuzotumidzwa zita kunzi Frunze mushure megore ra 1926 kurangarira aimbova mukurumbira wemauto eSoviet Mikhail Vasilyevich Frunze (1885-1925). Iye ndiye kudada kweKyrgyz. Nanhasi, pamberi pechiteshi chechitima cheBishkek, kuchine chifananidzo chakaisvonaka chendarira chaFrunze akatasva bhiza rehondo rine musoro wepamusoro uye yunifomu yakazara yemuviri, zvinova zvinotyisa. Musi waFebruary 7, 1991, Kyrgyz Paramende yakapa chisungo chekutumidza zita Frunze kuti Bishkek.

Nhasi, Bishkek yatove rimwe remaguta ane mukurumbira muCentral Asia.Migwagwa yeguta iri yakachena uye yakafara, uye rwizi rweAlalque uye Rwizi rweAlamiqin rwunoyerera nepakati peguta. Pano iwe unogona kutarisisa hukuru uye hwakanaka Tianshan Makomo ane chando gore rese kutarisana nedenga rebhuruu, uye iwe unogona zvakare kuona dzimba dzekugara dzakasiyana dzakasiyana dhizaini dzakavanzwa pakati pemiti. Iko hakuna mhirizhonga yeguta hombe, rinotaridzika serakanaka uye rakanyarara. Motokari mumigwagwa yeBishkek inongotungamirirwa nemarambi emasaini, uye hapana mapurisa emigwagwa, uye traffic iriko. Dzimba dzemabhazi dziri mumugwagwa dzakanaka pakuonekwa, uye zvidhori zvemuguta zvinoonekwa kwese kwese, izvo zvinofadza ziso.

Bishkek iri zvakare guta remaindasitiri rine michina iriko yekugadzira, kugadzira simbi, chikafu nemaindasitiri akareruka maindasitiri. Uye zvakare, Bishkek ine rakabudirira musainzi uye basa redzidzo, uye kune zvikoro zvesainzi uye makoreji nemayunivhesiti muguta.