Izwe lihlukaniswe izifunda eziyishumi: Alytus, Kaunas, Klaipeda, Marijampole, Panevezys, Siauliai, Taurag, Telsi I-Ai, i-Utena, neVilnius inamadolobha ayi-108 nezifunda ezingama-44.

Umphakathi wesigaba uvele ngekhulu lesi-5 nelesi-6 AD. Ihlaselwe yinkosi yamaJalimane yamakhosi kusukela ngekhulu le-12. IGrand Duchy ebumbene yaseLithuania yasungulwa ngo-1240. Isizwe saseLithuania sakhiwa ngekhulu le-13. Ngo-1569, ngokusho kweSivumelwano SaseLublin, iPoland neLithuania bahlangana bakha uMbuso WasePoland-Lithuania. Kusukela ngo-1795 kuya ku-1815, yonke iLithuania (ngaphandle komngcele waseKlaipeda) yahlanganiswa neRussia. U-Li wayephethwe yiJalimane phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. NgoFebhuwari 16, 1918, iLithuania yamemezela inkululeko futhi yasungula i-republic bourgeois. Kusukela ngoDisemba 1918 kuya kuJanuwari 1919, insimu enkulu yaseLithuania yasungula amandla eSoviet. NgoFebhuwari 1919, iLithuania-Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic yasungulwa ngokwakhiwa ngokuhlanganyela kweLithuania neBelarus.Ngo-Agasti wonyaka ofanayo, iBourgeois Republic yasungulwa yamenyezelwa ukuzimela. Ngokwesivumelwano esiyimfihlo sesivumelwano sokungabi nobudlova eSoviet-Germany ngo-Agasti 23, 1939, iLithuania yafakwa ngaphansi kwendawo yeSoviet Union, kwase kuthi amabutho aseSoviet angena eLithuania.Ngemva kokugqashuka kwempi yaseSoviet-Germany, iLithuania yayiphethwe yiJalimane. Ngo-1944, amasosha aseSoviet aphinde athatha iLithuania futhi asungula iLithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic futhi ajoyina iSoviet Union. Ngo-Mashi 11, 1990, iLithuania yazimela ngaphansi kweSoviet Union. NgoSepthemba 6, 1991, igunya eliphakeme laseSoviet Union, uMkhandlu Wezwe, wakwamukela ngokusemthethweni ukuzimela kweLithuania. NgoSepthemba 17 ngawo lowo nyaka, iLithuania yajoyina iZizwe Ezihlangene. Ijoyine ngokusemthethweni i-WTO ngoMeyi 2001.

Ifulegi likazwelonke: Ngunxande ovundlile onesilinganiso sobude nobubanzi buka-2: 1. Yakhiwe yimichilo emithathu evundlile evundlile, ephuzi, eluhlaza futhi ebomvu kusuka phezulu kuye phansi. ILithuania yamemezela inkululeko ngo-1918 futhi yasungula i-republic ye-bourgeois, isebenzisa ifulegi eliphuzi, eliluhlaza, nelibomvu njengefulegi layo lesizwe. Yaba yiriphabhuliki yezwe elaliyiSoviet Union ngo-1940. Yamukela ifulegi elibomvu elinezinkanyezi eziphuzi ezinamachopho amahlanu, isikela nesando ekhoneni elingenhla kwesobunxele, kanye nomugqa omncane omhlophe nefulegi elibomvu elimthende elibanzi eliluhlaza engxenyeni engezansi. Ngo-1990, yamemezela inkululeko futhi yamukela ifulegi le-tricolor elishiwo ngenhla njengefulegi likazwelonke.

ILithuania inabantu abayizigidi ezingama-3.3848 (ekupheleni kuka-2006), enabantu abaningi abangama-51.8 abantu ngekhilomitha-skwele. Uhlanga lwesiLithuania lwenze u-83.5%, isizwe sasePoland saba ngu-6.7%, kwathi isizwe saseRussia saba ngu-6.3%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona amaqembu ezinhlanga ezifana neBelarus, Ukraine, namaJuda. Ulimi olusemthethweni isiLithuania, kanti ulimi oluvamile isiRashiya. Ngokuyinhloko bakholelwa enkolweni yamaRoma Katolika, enabalandeli ababalelwa ezigidini ezingama-2.75. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuneSonto Lase-Eastern Orthodox neSonto LamaLuthela LamaProthestani.

ILithuania ithuthuke kakhulu embonini nakwezolimo. Ngemuva kwenkululeko, yathuthela emnothweni wezimakethe ngokusebenzisa izinkampani ezizimele, futhi isimo sezomnotho sasizinzile. Izinsiza zemvelo zimbi, kepha inhlaka iningi, futhi kunenani elincane lobumba, isihlabathi, i-lime, i-gypsum, i-peat, i-iron ore, i-apatite ne-petroleum. I-petroleum negesi yemvelo edingekayo iyangeniswa. Kutholakale inani elincane lezinsizakusebenza zikawoyela negesi yemvelo ezindaweni ezisogwini olusentshonalanga, kepha izinqolobane azikakaqinisekiswa. Indawo yehlathi ingamahektha angama-1,975,500, kanti izinga lokutholakala kwehlathi lingaphezu kwama-30%. Izilwane eziningi zasendle, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingama-60 zezilwane ezincelisayo, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingama-300 zezinyoni nezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-50 zezinhlanzi. Imboni imboni yezinsika yaseLithuania, eyakhiwe ikakhulu yimikhakha emithathu: eyezimayini kanye neyenkwali, ukucubungula nokukhiqiza, kanye nemboni yamandla. Izigaba zezimboni ziphelele ngokwedlulele, ikakhulukazi ukudla, ukucutshungulwa kwezinkuni, izindwangu, amakhemikhali, njll., Ukukhiqizwa kwemishini, amakhemikhali, ama-petrochemicals, i-elekthronikhi, izimboni ezisebenza ngensimbi, njll. Zithuthuka ngokushesha, futhi amathuluzi omshini wokunemba okuphezulu, amamitha, amakhompyutha kagesi neminye imikhiqizo ekhiqizwayo konke kuthengisiwe. Bangaphezu kuka-80 amazwe kanye nezifunda emhlabeni. Inhlokodolobha i-Vilnius iyisikhungo sezimboni sikazwelonke.Ivelu yokukhishwa kwedolobha yezimboni ibalelwa ngaphezu kwezingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zenani eliphelele lemikhiqizo yezimboni yaseLithuania. Ezolimo ziphethwe wukufuywa kwezinga eliphakeme, okubalwa ngaphezu kwama-90% wenani lemikhiqizo ekhishwa yimikhiqizo yezolimo. Izithelo zezitshalo zezolimo ziphansi kakhulu. I-Vilnius: IVilnius, inhlokodolobha yaseLithuania, itholakala lapho kuhlangana khona imifula iNeris neVilnius eningizimu-mpumalanga yeLithuania. Inendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-287 kanye nenani labantu abangama-578,000 (Januwari 1, 2000).

Igama "Vilnius" lavela egameni elithi "Vilkas" (impisi) ngesi-Lithuanian. Ngokwenganekwane, ngekhulu le-12, uMkhulu oMkhulu waseLithuania weza lapha ezokuzingela.Ngobusuku, waphupha ngezimpisi eziningana ezigibela emagqumeni.Enye yezimpisi ezinamandla yamemeza kakhulu ngemuva kokuhlula lezi zimpisi. Umphuphi uthe leliphupho liyibika elihle.Uma wakha idolobha lapha, lizoduma umhlaba wonke. UMkhulu Omkhulu waseLithuania wabe esakha inqaba egqumeni lenkundla yokuzingela.

Indawo engaphansi kwedolobha iVilnius idume ngobuhle bayo obuhle. Kunezindawo zokugeza ezinhle kakhulu ezindaweni ezisenyakatho-mpumalanga yedolobha, kanti iVarakumpia yindawo egxilile yezindlu zokuhlala. Amachibi eTrakai asatshalaliswe ezindaweni ezisentshonalanga yedolobha.Amachibi acacile, izihlahla ziluhlaza, nobuhle bendawo buyathandeka.Kuyindawo eheha izivakashi. ITrakai ibikade iyinhloko-dolobha yeTrakai Principality, futhi isalokhu igcina amanxiwa esigodlo sangaphambili, kanti nemidwebo esezindongeni esisele esigodlweni isabonakala kancane.

Inani elikhiphayo lezimboni le-Vilnius libanga ngaphezu kokuthathu kokuthathu kwenani eliphelele lokukhishwa kwezimboni ezweni. Imikhiqizo yezimboni ikakhulu ifaka ama-lathes, imishini yezolimo, ama-calculator kagesi kanye nezinsimbi zikagesi, izindwangu, okokugqoka, ukudla, njll. Kunamanyuvesi kazwelonke, amakolishi obunjiniyela bomphakathi, amakolishi ezobuciko amahle namakolishi othisha edolobheni, kanye nezinkundla zemidlalo yeshashalazi eziningi, iminyuziyamu nezindawo zemibukiso yobuciko.