Afurika y'Epfo kode y'igihugu +27

Uburyo bwo guhamagara Afurika y'Epfo

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27

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IDDkode y'igihugu Umujyinimero ya terefone

Afurika y'Epfo Amakuru Yibanze

Igihe cyaho Igihe cyawe


Umwanya wigihe Itandukaniro ryigihe
UTC/GMT +2 isaha

ubunini / uburebure
28°28'59"S / 24°40'37"E
kodegisi
ZA / ZAF
ifaranga
Rand (ZAR)
Ururimi
IsiZulu (official) 22.7%
IsiXhosa (official) 16%
Afrikaans (official) 13.5%
English (official) 9.6%
Sepedi (official) 9.1%
Setswana (official) 8%
Sesotho (official) 7.6%
Xitsonga (official) 4.5%
siSwati (official) 2.5%
Tshivenda (official) 2.4%
amashanyarazi
M ubwoko bwa plaque ya Afrika yepfo M ubwoko bwa plaque ya Afrika yepfo
ibendera ry'igihugu
Afurika y'Epfoibendera ry'igihugu
umurwa mukuru
Pretoria
urutonde rwa banki
Afurika y'Epfo urutonde rwa banki
abaturage
49,000,000
akarere
1,219,912 KM2
GDP (USD)
353,900,000,000
telefone
4,030,000
Terefone ngendanwa
68,400,000
Umubare wabakoresha interineti
4,761,000
Umubare w'abakoresha interineti
4,420,000

Afurika y'Epfo Intangiriro

Afurika y'Epfo iherereye mu majyepfo y’umugabane wa Afurika. Irahuza inyanja y’Ubuhinde n’inyanja ya Atalantika ku mpande eshatu mu burasirazuba, mu burengerazuba no mu majyepfo. Ihana imbibi na Namibiya, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambike na Swaziland mu majyaruguru. Iherereye mu ihuriro ry’ubwikorezi hagati y’inyanja zombi. Kuri kimwe mu bice byinshi byo mu nyanja. Ubuso bwubutaka bungana na kilometero kare miliyoni 1.22, inyinshi murizo ni ikibaya kiri hejuru ya metero 600 hejuru yinyanja. Ikungahaye ku bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, ni kimwe mu bihugu bitanu bitanga amabuye y'agaciro ku isi.Ibigega bya zahabu, ibyuma bya platine, manganese, vanadium, chromium, titanium na aluminosilicate byose biza ku mwanya wa mbere ku isi. Inzira iherereye mu nyanja hagati y’inyanja zombi, inzira ya Cape ya Byiringiro iherereye mu majyepfo y’iburengerazuba bwahoze ari imwe mu nzira nyabagendwa cyane ku isi kandi izwi ku izina rya "Lifeline yo mu Burengerazuba". Ubuso bwubutaka bugera kuri kilometero kare miliyoni 1.22. Ahanini agace kose ni ikibaya kiri hejuru ya metero 600 hejuru yinyanja. Imisozi ya Drakensberg irambuye mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo, hamwe na Caskin Peak igera kuri metero 3,660, ahantu hirengeye mu gihugu; mu majyaruguru y’iburengerazuba ni ubutayu, igice cy’ikibaya cya Kalahari; amajyaruguru, hagati n’amajyepfo ashyira uburengerazuba ni ikibaya; inkombe ni ikibaya gito. Umugezi wa Orange n'umugezi wa Limpopo ninzuzi ebyiri nyamukuru. Hafi ya Afrika yepfo ifite ikirere cya savannah, inkombe yuburasirazuba ifite ikirere gishyuha gishyuha, naho inkombe yepfo ikagira ikirere cya Mediterane. Ikirere mu karere kose kagabanijwemo ibihe 4: impeshyi, icyi, impeshyi nimbeho. Ukuboza-Gashyantare ni icyi, hamwe n'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bugera kuri 32-38 ℃; Kamena-Kanama ni itumba, ubushyuhe bwo hasi ni -10 kugeza -12 ℃. Imvura igwa buri mwaka yagabanutse kuva kuri mm 1.000 mu burasirazuba igera kuri mm 60 mu burengerazuba, ugereranije na mm 450. Impuzandengo yumwaka yubushyuhe bwumurwa mukuru Pretoriya ni 17 ℃.

Igihugu kigabanyijemo intara 9: Uburasirazuba bwa Cape, Uburengerazuba bwa Cape, Cape Cape y'Amajyaruguru, KwaZulu / Natal, Leta y'Ubuntu, Amajyaruguru y'Uburengerazuba, Amajyaruguru, Mpumalanga, Gauteng. Muri Kamena 2002, Intara y'Amajyaruguru yiswe Intara ya Limpopo (LIMPOPO).

Abasangwabutaka ba mbere bo muri Afurika y'Epfo ni San, Khoi na Bantu nyuma bimukiye mu majyepfo. Nyuma y'ikinyejana cya 17, Ubuholandi n'Ubwongereza byateye Afurika y'Epfo. Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20, Afurika y'Epfo yigeze kwiganza mu Bwongereza. Ku ya 31 Gicurasi 1961, Afurika y'Epfo yavuye muri Commonwealth ishinga Repubulika ya Afurika y'Epfo. Muri Mata 1994, Afurika y'Epfo yakoze amatora ya mbere rusange y’amoko yose.Mandela yatorewe kuba perezida wa mbere w’abirabura muri Afurika yepfo.

Ibendera ryigihugu: Ku ya 15 Werurwe 1994, komite nyobozi y’inzibacyuho yo muri Afurika yepfo yemeje ibendera rishya ry’igihugu. Ibendera ry'igihugu rishya rifite ishusho y'urukiramende rufite uburebure n'ubugari bwa 3: 2. Igizwe na geometrike ifite amabara atandatu y'umukara, umuhondo, icyatsi, umutuku, umweru, n'ubururu, byerekana ubwiyunge bushingiye ku moko n'ubumwe bw'igihugu.

Abaturage bose bo muri Afurika yepfo ni miliyoni 47.4 (guhera muri Kanama 2006, Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ibarurishamibare muri Afurika yepfo). Igabanijwemo amoko ane akomeye: abirabura, abazungu, abantu bafite amabara na Aziya, bangana na 79.4%, 9.3%, 8.8% na 2,5% byabaturage bose. Abirabura ahanini bigizwe nimiryango icyenda irimo Zulu, Xhosa, Swazi, Tswana, Soto y'Amajyaruguru, Soto y'Amajyepfo, Tsunga, Venda, na Ndebele.Bakoresha cyane ururimi rwa Bantu. Abazungu ahanini ni Abanyafurika bakomoka mu Buholandi (hafi 57%) n'abazungu bakomoka mu Bwongereza (hafi 39%), naho indimi ni Afurika n'Icyongereza. Abantu bafite amabara bari ubwoko buvanze nubwoko bwabazungu, kavukire nabacakara mugihe cyabakoloni, kandi ahanini bavugaga abanyafurika. Abanyaziya ni Abahinde (hafi 99%) n'Abashinwa. Hariho indimi 11 zemewe, Icyongereza na Afrikaans (Afrikaans) nindimi zisanzwe. Abahatuye bemera cyane cyane abaporotesitanti, abagatolika, ubuyisilamu n'amadini ya mbere.

Afurika y'Epfo ikungahaye ku bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro kandi ni kimwe mu bihugu bitanu bitanga amabuye y'agaciro ku isi. Ububiko bwa zahabu, ibyuma byamatsinda ya platine, manganese, vanadium, chromium, titanium na aluminosilicate byose biza kumwanya wa mbere kwisi, vermiculite na zirconium biza kumwanya wa kabiri kwisi, fluorspar na fosifate biza kumwanya wa gatatu kwisi, antimoni, Uranium iri ku mwanya wa kane ku isi, naho amakara, diyama hamwe n’icyiciro cya mbere ku isi. Afurika y'Epfo n’igihugu kinini gitanga zahabu n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga. Kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bingana na kimwe cya gatatu cy’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, bityo bizwi kandi ko ari "igihugu cya zahabu".

Ni amadorari 4536 y'Amerika. Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, inganda, ubuhinzi na serivisi nizo nkingi enye z'ubukungu bwa Afurika y'Epfo, kandi ikoranabuhanga ryimbitse rifite umwanya wa mbere ku isi. Afurika y'Epfo ifite inganda zuzuye n’inganda zateye imbere, zirimo ibyuma, ibicuruzwa, ibyuma, imiti, ibikoresho byo gutwara abantu, gutunganya ibiryo, imyenda, n’imyambaro. Gukora ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga bingana na kimwe cya gatanu cya GDP. Inganda z’amashanyarazi muri Afurika yepfo zateye imbere ugereranije, hamwe n’amashanyarazi manini ku isi akonje-akonje, angana na bibiri bya gatatu by’amashanyarazi muri Afurika.


Pretoriya : Pretoriya ni umurwa mukuru w’ubutegetsi bwa Afurika yepfo. Iherereye mu kibaya cya Magalesberg mu kibaya cy’amajyaruguru y’amajyaruguru. Ku nkombe zombi z'umugezi wa Appis, uruzi rw'umugezi wa Limpopo. Hejuru ya metero 1300 hejuru yinyanja. Ikigereranyo cy'ubushyuhe buri mwaka ni 17 ℃. Yubatswe mu 1855 yitirirwa umuyobozi w'abaturage ba Boer, Pretoriya.Umuhungu we Marsilaos ni we washinze umujyi wa Pretoriya.Mu mujyi hari amashusho ya se n'umuhungu wabo. Mu 1860, wari umurwa mukuru wa Repubulika ya Transvaal yashinzwe na Boers. Mu 1900, yigaruriwe n'Ubwongereza. Kuva mu 1910, yahindutse umurwa mukuru w’ubuyobozi bwa Commonwealth ya Afurika yepfo (yiswe Repubulika ya Afurika yepfo mu 1961) iyobowe n’abazungu bavangura amoko. Ahantu nyaburanga ni heza kandi hazwi ku izina rya "Umujyi wa Garden". Bignoniya yatewe ku mpande zombi z'umuhanda, izwi kandi ku izina rya "Umujyi wa Bignoniya". Kuva mu Kwakira kugeza Ugushyingo buri mwaka, indabyo zibarirwa mu magana zirabya, kandi iminsi mikuru ikorwa mu mujyi icyumweru cyose.

Igishusho cya Paul Kruger gihagaze ku kibanza cy’itorero kiri mu mujyi rwagati. Yabaye perezida wa mbere wa Repubulika ya Transvaal (Afurika yepfo) kandi aho yari atuye hahinduwe urwibutso rw’igihugu. Inyubako yinteko ishinga amategeko kuruhande rwikibanza, ubusanzwe Inteko ishinga amategeko ya Transvaal, ubu ni icyicaro cya guverinoma yintara. Umuhanda uzwi cyane w'Itorero ufite uburebure bwa kilometero 18,64 kandi ni umwe mu mihanda miremire ku isi, ufite ibicu byo hejuru ku mpande zombi. Inyubako nkuru ni icyicaro cya guverinoma nkuru kandi iherereye kumusozi ureba umujyi. Inzu Ndangamurage ya Transvaal, iherereye ku Muhanda wa Paul Kruger, ibamo ibisigisigi bitandukanye bya geologiya na kera bya kera ndetse n'ibishushanyo mbonera kuva mu gihe cy'Amabuye, ndetse n'inzu ndangamurage y’amateka n'umuco ndetse n'inzu ndangamurage ya Open Air.

Muri uyu mujyi hari parike nyinshi zifite ubuso bungana na hegitari zirenga 1.700. Muri zo, Parike y’igihugu y’inyamanswa na Wenning ni zo zizwi cyane. Yubatswe mu 1949, Urwibutso rwa Pioneer rufite agaciro ka pound 340.000 ruhagaze ku musozi uri mu nkengero z’amajyepfo.Yubatswe mu rwego rwo kwibuka "igare ry’imodoka ryamamaye" mu mateka ya Afurika y'Epfo. Mu myaka ya 1830, Boers yirukanwe n'abakoloni b'Abongereza bimukira mu matsinda kuva mu Ntara ya Cape yo mu majyepfo ya Afurika y'Epfo mu majyaruguru.Abimukira bamaranye imyaka itatu. Ikibaya cy'Isoko, Ibidukikije bya Wangdboom hamwe n’inyamanswa y’inyamanswa mu nkengero nazo zikurura ba mukerarugendo.

Cape Town : Cape Town ni umurwa mukuru w’amategeko muri Afurika yepfo, icyambu gikomeye, n'umurwa mukuru w’intara ya Cape ya Byiringiro. Iherereye mu gace kagufi k'ubutaka ku mpera y’amajyaruguru ya Cape ya Byiringiro, hafi yinyanja ya Atalantika Tumble Bay. Yashinzwe mu 1652, mu ntangiriro yari sitasiyo yo gutanga amasosiyete ya East India Company. Nicyo kigo cya mbere cyashyizweho n’abakoloni b’ibihugu by’i Burayi bo mu Burengerazuba bw’Afurika y’epfo. Shingiro. Ubu ni icyicaro cy'inteko ishinga amategeko.

Umujyi uva mu misozi ukageza ku nyanja. Inkengero z’iburengerazuba zihana imbibi n’inyanja ya Atalantika, naho inkombe y’amajyepfo yinjizwa mu nyanja y’Ubuhinde kandi ikora inama y’inyanja zombi. Umujyi ni inyubako ya kera kuva mu gihe cyabakoloni. Iherereye hafi yikibanza kinini. Ikibuga cya Cape Town cyubatswe mu 1666, ni inyubako ya kera muri uyu mujyi. Ibyinshi mu bikoresho byubwubatsi byaturutse mu Buholandi, nyuma bikoreshwa nk'aho guverineri n'ibiro bya leta. Katedrali yubatswe mu kinyejana kimwe, iherereye kuri Adeli Avenue, kandi umunara w inzogera uracyabitswe neza. Ba guverineri umunani b'Abadage i Cape Town bashyinguwe muri iri torero. Kuruhande rwa parike rusange ya leta ni inyubako yinteko ishinga amategeko nubukorikori, byarangiye mu 1886 byiyongera muri 1910. Mu burengerazuba hari isomero rusange ryubatswe mu 1818 rifite icyegeranyo cy’ibitabo 300.000.Hariho kandi inzu ndangamurage y’amateka y’igihugu yashinzwe mu 1964 muri uyu mujyi.

Uzengurutse imisozi mito, icyi kirashyushye, imbeho ikonje n'ubukonje. Ubusanzwe yari igihome kandi yubatswe kumugaragaro mu 1846. Ubu ni ihuriro ryingenzi ryo gutwara abantu. Ijambo Bloemfontein risobanura "umuzi windabyo". Imisozi yo mumujyi iranyeganyega kandi ibyiza ni byiza.

Bloemfontein nicyicaro cyubutegetsi bukuru bwubucamanza muri Afrika yepfo.inyubako nyamukuru zirimo: City Hall, Urukiko rwubujurire, Urwibutso rwigihugu, Stade na Katedrali. Hano hari ibisigazwa bya dinosaur bizwi cyane mu nzu ndangamurage yigihugu. Ikigo cyubatswe mu 1848 ninyubako ya kera mumujyi. Inteko ishaje yintara yubatswe mu 1849 yari ifite icyumba kimwe gusa ubu ni urwibutso rwigihugu. Urwibutso rw’igihugu rwubatswe mu rwego rwo kwibuka abagore n’abana bapfiriye mu ntambara ya kabiri yo muri Afurika yepfo.Mu munsi y’urwibutso niho hashyinguwe abantu bazwi cyane mu mateka ya Afurika yepfo. Muri uyu mujyi hari kaminuza ya Leta ya Orange Free, yashinzwe mu 1855.