Izwe lihlukaniswe izifundazwe eziyi-9: i-Eastern Cape, Western Cape, Northern Cape, KwaZulu / Natal, Free State, Northwest, North, Mpumalanga, Gauteng. NgoJuni 2002, isiFundazwe saseNyakatho saqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi iSifundazwe saseLimpopo (LIMPOPO).

Izakhamizi zokuqala zomdabu zaseNingizimu Afrika kwakunguSan, uKhoi kanye noBantu okwathi kamuva bathuthela eningizimu. Ngemuva kwekhulu le-17, iNetherlands neBrithani zilandelana zahlasela iNingizimu Afrika. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, iNingizimu Afrika yake yaba umbuso waseBrithani. NgoMeyi 31, 1961, iNingizimu Afrika yahoxa ku-Commonwealth yasungula iRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika. Ngo-Ephreli 1994, iNingizimu Afrika yabamba ukhetho lwayo lokuqala oluhlanganisa zonke izinhlanga.UMandela wakhethwa njengoMongameli wokuqala omnyama waseNingizimu Afrika.

Ifulegi likazwelonke: Ngo-Mashi 15, 1994, iSouth African Party-Transitional Administrative Committee yaseNingizimu Afrika yamukela ifulegi lesizwe elisha. Ifulege lesizwe elisha linomumo ongunxande onobude obubude nobubanzi obucishe bube ngu-3: 2. Lakhiwe ngamaphethini wejometri ngemibala eyisithupha emnyama, ephuzi, eluhlaza, ebomvu, emhlophe noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ekhombisa ukubuyisana kwezinhlanga nobunye bezwe.

Inani labantu baseNingizimu Afrika liphelele liyizigidi ezingama-47.4 (kusukela ngo-Agasti 2006, isibikezelo seSouth African National Bureau of Statistics). Kunezinhlanga ezine ezinkulu: abamnyama, abamhlophe, abebala kanye nabase-Asiya, okubalwa kubo u-79.4%, 9.3%, 8.8% no-2.5% wabantu sebonke ngokulandelana. Abamnyama ikakhulukazi banezizwe eziyisishiyagalolunye ezibandakanya isiZulu, isiXhosa, iSwazi, isiTswana, iNorth Soto, iSouth Soto, isiTsunga, isiVenda, nesiNdebele, ikakhulukazi besebenzisa ulimi lwesiBantu. Abamhlophe ikakhulukazi amaBhunu amaDashi (cishe ama-57%) nabamhlophe abangabokudabuka eBrithani (cishe ama-39%), kanti izilimi zisiBhunu nesiNgisi. Abantu bamakhaladi babeyinzalo yohlanga oluxubile yabelungu, abomdabu kanye nezigqila ngesikhathi sekoloni, futhi ikakhulukazi babekhuluma isiBhunu. Abantu base-Asia ikakhulukazi amaNdiya (cishe ama-99%) namaShayina. Kunezilimi eziyi-11 ezisemthethweni, isiNgisi nesiBhunu (isiBhunu) yizilimi ezivamile. Izakhamuzi ikakhulukazi zikholelwa kubuProthestani, ubuKhatholika, ubuSulumane nezinkolo zokuqala.

INingizimu Afrika icebile ngezinsizakusebenza zamaminerali futhi ingelinye lamazwe amahlanu akhiqiza izimbiwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Izinqolobane zegolide, insimbi yeqembu le-platinum, imanganese, i-vanadium, i-chromium, i-titanium ne-aluminosilicate zonke zikleliswe kuqala emhlabeni, i-vermiculite ne-zirconium zikleliswe endaweni yesibili emhlabeni, i-fluorspar ne-phosphate zibekwe endaweni yesithathu emhlabeni, i-antimony, I-uranium ikleliswe endaweni yesine emhlabeni, kanti amalahle, idayimane kanye nenombolo yesihlanu emhlabeni. INingizimu Afrika ingumkhiqizi nomthumeli wegolide omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni.Izimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zegolide zibanga ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yazo zonke izinto ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, ngakho-ke yaziwa nangokuthi "izwe legolide".

INingizimu Afrika iyizwe elisathuthuka elinomholo ophakathi nendawo. Umkhiqizo wayo ophelele wasekhaya wenza cishe amaphesenti angama-20 omkhiqizo ophelele wase-Afrika. Ngo-2006, umkhiqizo wawo ophelele wasekhaya wawungu-US $ 200.458 billion, usezingeni lama-31 emhlabeni, umuntu ngamunye Kungamadola aseMelika angama-4536. Izimboni zezimayini, ezokukhiqiza, ezolimo kanye nezinsizakalo yizinsika ezine zomnotho waseNingizimu Afrika, kanti ubuchwepheshe bezimayini obujulile busesikhundleni esiphambili emhlabeni. INingizimu Afrika inebanga eliphelele lezimboni zokukhiqiza nobuchwepheshe obuthuthukile, kufaka phakathi insimbi, imikhiqizo yensimbi, amakhemikhali, imishini yokuhamba, ukucubungula ukudla, izindwangu nezingubo. Inani lokukhiqiza lokukhipha lisebenza cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezinhlanu ze-GDP. Imboni yezamandla yaseNingizimu Afrika ithuthukiswe ngokuqhathaniswa, nesiteshi sikagesi esipholisa kakhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, esibamba izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zokuphehlwa kukagesi e-Afrika.

Pretoria : IPitoli iyinhloko-dolobha yezokuphatha yaseNingizimu Afrika Itholakala eMagalesberg Valley enkangala esenyakatho-mpumalanga. Kuwo womabili amabhange oMfula i-Appis, umfudlana woMfula iLimpopo. Ngaphezulu kwamamitha ayi-1300 ngaphezu kolwandle. Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nonyaka lingu-17 ℃. Yakhiwa ngo-1855 yaqanjwa ngegama lomholi wabantu bamaBhunu, ePitoli.Indodana yakhe uMarsilaos yayingumsunguli wedolobha lasePitoli.Kunezithombe zikayise nendodana yazo kuleli dolobha. Ngo-1860, kwakuyinhloko-dolobha yaseTransvaal Republic eyasungulwa amabhunu. Ngo-1900, yayiphethwe yiBrithani. Kusukela ngo-1910, isibe yinhloko dolobha yokuphathwa kweCommonwealth yaseNingizimu Afrika (ebizwa kabusha ngokuthi yiRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika ngo-1961) ebuswa ngabamhlophe abamhlophe. Indawo ebukekayo yinhle futhi yaziwa njenge "Garden City". IBignonia itshalwe ezinhlangothini zombili zomgwaqo, eyaziwa nangokuthi "iBignonia City". Kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuNovemba minyaka yonke, amakhulu ezimbali aqhakaza ngokugcwele, futhi kwenziwa imikhosi kulo lonke idolobha isonto elilodwa.

Isifanekiso sikaPaul Kruger simi esigcawini sesonto enkabeni yedolobha. Wayengumongameli wokuqala weRiphabhlikhi yaseTransvaal (South Africa) kanti indawo ayehlala kuyona isishintshiwe yaba yisikhumbuzo sikazwelonke. Isakhiwo sephalamende ngasohlangothini lwesikwele, okwakuyiTransvaal State Assembly, manje sekuyisihlalo sikahulumeni wesifundazwe. Umgwaqo odumile iChurch Street ungamakhilomitha angu-18.64 ubude futhi ungomunye wemigwaqo emide kakhulu emhlabeni, onamabhilidi ezinhlangothini zombili. IFederal Building iyisihlalo sikahulumeni omaphakathi futhi isentabeni ebheke edolobheni. ITransvaal Museum, etholakala kuPaul Kruger Street, inezinsalela nezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemvelo nezokuvubukula kusukela nge-Stone Age, kanye neNational Museum of History and Culture kanye ne-Open Air Museum.

Kunamapaki amaningi edolobheni anendawo ephelele engaphezulu kwamahektha ayi-1 700. Phakathi kwawo, iNational Zoo neWenning Park yizona ezidume kakhulu. Yakhiwa ngo-1949, iSikhumbuzo Samaphayona esabiza amakhilogremu angama-340,000 sima egqumeni ezindaweni eziseningizimu namaphethelo.Sasakhiwe ngenhloso yokukhumbula “imashi yenqola yenkabi” edumile emlandweni waseNingizimu Afrika. Ngawo-1830, amabhunu akhishwa ngamakholoni aseBrithani futhi ahamba ngamaqembu esuka esifundazweni saseKapa eseningizimu yeNingizimu Afrika aya enyakatho.Ukufuduka kwabo kwaphela iminyaka emithathu. IFountain Valley, iWangdboom Nature Reserve ne-Wildlife Sanctuary ezindaweni ezisemaphethelweni nazo ziyizindawo eziheha izivakashi.

IKapa : IKapa iyinhloko-dolobha yezomthetho yaseNingizimu Afrika, itheku elibalulekile, kanye nenhlokodolobha yesifundazwe saseCape of Good Hope. Itholakala esiqeshaneni somhlaba omncane enyakatho yeCape of Good Hope, eduze ne-Atlantic Ocean Tumble Bay. Isungulwe ngo-1652, ekuqaleni yayiyisikhungo sokuphakela i-East India Company.Yayiyisizinda sokuqala esasungulwa ngabakholoni baseNtshonalanga Yurophu eningizimu ye-Afrika. Ngakho-ke, yaziwa ngokuthi "ngumama wamadolobha aseNingizimu Afrika" .Kunesikhathi eside kungukunwetshwa kwabakholoni baseDashi nabaseBrithani ezweni lase-Afrika. Isisekelo. Manje sekuyisihlalo sesishayamthetho.

Idolobha lisuka ezintabeni lize lifike olwandle.Imaphethelo asentshonalanga anqunyelwe i-Atlantic Ocean, kuthi amaphethelo aseningizimu afakwe oLwandlekazi i-Indian futhi ahlanganyele umhlangano wezilwandle ezimbili. Leli dolobha liyisakhiwo sasendulo kusukela ngesikhathi samakholoni.Liseduze kwesikwele esikhulu.I-Cape Town Castle eyakhiwe ngo-1666 iyisakhiwo esidala kunazo zonke edolobheni. Iningi lezinto zokwakha zalo zazivela eNetherlands, futhi kamuva lasetshenziswa njengendawo yokuhlala yombusi nehhovisi likahulumeni. Isonto lombhishobhi, elakhiwa ngalo lelo khulu leminyaka, lise-Adeli Avenue, futhi nensimbi yalo isalondolozwe kahle. Bangcwatshwa abayisishiyagalombili bamaDashi eKapa abangcwatshwa kuleli bandla. Ngokuphikisana neGovernment Street Public Park yiPhalamende lokwakha neGalari, elaqedwa ngo-1886 lafakwa ngo-1910. Ngasentshonalanga kunomtapo wolwazi womphakathi owakhiwa ngo-1818 neqoqo lezincwadi ezingama-300 000. Kukhona neNational History Museum eyasungulwa ngo-1964 edolobheni.

Bloemfontein : IBloemfontein, inhlokodolobha yase-Orange Natural State yaseNingizimu Afrika, iyinhloko-dolobha yezobulungiswa yaseNingizimu Afrika.Itholakala enkabeni yenkangala futhi iyisikhungo sezwe. Izungezwe ngamagquma amancane, ihlobo liyashisa, ubusika buyabanda nesithwathwa. Ekuqaleni ibiyinqaba futhi yakhiwa ngokusemthethweni ngo-1846. Manje sekuyindawo ebalulekile yokuthutha. Igama elithi Bloemfontein ekuqaleni lisho ukuthi "impande yezimbali". Idolobha linamagquma angahlehli nezindawo ezinhle.

IBloemfontein iyisihlalo sesiphathimandla sezobulungiswa esiphakeme kunazo zonke eNingizimu Afrika.Izakhiwo ezinkulu zifaka phakathi: iCity Hall, iNkantolo Yokudlulisa Amacala, iSikhumbuzo Sikazwelonke, Inkundla Yezemidlalo kanye neCathhedral. Kunezinsalela ezidumile ze-dinosaur eMnyuziyamu Kazwelonke. Isigodlo esakhiwe ngo-1848 yisakhiwo esidala kunazo zonke edolobheni. Umhlangano wesifundazwe wakudala owakhiwa ngo-1849 wawunekamelo elilodwa kuphela futhi manje usuyisikhumbuzo sikazwelonke. Isikhumbuzo Sikazwelonke sakhiwe ukukhumbula abesifazane nezingane abashona eMpini Yesibili YaseNingizimu Afrika. Ngaphansi kwetshe lesikhumbuzo kunendawo yokungcwaba abantu abadumile emlandweni waseNingizimu Afrika. Kukhona i-Orange Free State University edolobheni, eyasungulwa e-1855.