Tanzaniya, izina ryuzuye rya Repubulika yunze ubumwe ya Tanzaniya, igizwe na Tanganyika (umugabane wa Afurika) na Zanzibar (ikirwa), ifite ubuso bungana na kilometero kare 945.000 (muri zo Zanzibar ni metero kare 2657). Kilometero). Iherereye mu burasirazuba bwa Afurika, mu majyepfo ya ekwateri, ihana imbibi na Kenya na Uganda mu majyaruguru, Zambiya, Malawi, na Mozambike mu majyepfo, u Rwanda, u Burundi na Kongo (Kinshasa) mu burengerazuba, n'Inyanja y'Ubuhinde mu burasirazuba. Ni hejuru mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba no hasi mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba, yerekana imiterere ikandagiye. Inkombe y’iburasirazuba ni ikibaya, agace k’iburengerazuba k’imbere kagira igice kirenga kimwe cya kabiri cy’imbere y’imbere, kandi ikibaya kinini cya Rift kigabanyijemo amashami abiri yo mu kiyaga cya Malawi kandi kigana mu majyaruguru no mu majyepfo. Impinga ya Kibo yo ku musozi wa Kilimanjaro mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba ni metero 5.895 hejuru y’inyanja, akaba ari yo mpinga ndende muri Afurika. Inzuzi nyamukuru ni Rufiji (kilometero 1400 z'uburebure), Pangani, Rufu, na Wami. Hariho ibiyaga byinshi, birimo ikiyaga cya Victoria, ikiyaga cya Tanganyika n'ikiyaga cya Malawi. Agace k'iburasirazuba hamwe n’ibibaya by'imbere bifite ikirere gishyuha gishyuha, naho ikibaya cyo mu burengerazuba bw'imbere gifite ikirere gishyuha gishyuha, gikonje kandi cyumye. Ikigereranyo cy'ubushyuhe mu bice byinshi ni 21-25 ℃. Ibirwa birenga 20 byo muri Zanzibar bifite ikirere gishyuha cyo mu nyanja gishyuha kandi gishyuha umwaka wose, hamwe n'ubushyuhe buri mwaka bwa 26 ° C.

Tanzaniya ifite intara 26 nintara 114. Muri byo, hari intara 21 ku mugabane w'intara n'intara 5 muri Zanzibar.

Tanzaniya ni hamwe mu hantu abantu bavukiye.Yari ifitanye umubano w’ubucuruzi na Arabiya, Ubuperesi, n’Ubuhinde kuva mbere ya BC. Kuva mu kinyejana cya 7 kugeza ku cya 8 nyuma ya Yesu, Abarabu n'Abaperesi batangiye kwimuka ari benshi. Mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 10, abarabu bashinze ubwami bwa kisilamu hano. Mu 1886, Tanganyika yashyizwe mu buyobozi bw'Abadage. Mu 1917, ingabo z'Abongereza zigaruriye akarere kose ka Tanzaniya. Mu 1920, Tanzaniya yabaye "manda" y'Ubwongereza. Mu 1946, Inteko rusange y’umuryango w’abibumbye yemeje icyemezo cyo guhindura Tanzaniya kuba "umwizerwa" w’Abongereza. Ku ya 1 Gicurasi 1961, Tanzaniya yabonye ubwigenge bw’imbere, itangaza ubwigenge ku ya 9 Ukuboza uwo mwaka, ishinga Repubulika ya Tanganyika nyuma y'umwaka. Zanzibar yabaye "agace gakingira" abongereza mu 1890, abona ubwigenge muri Kamena 1963, atangaza ubwigenge mu Kuboza uwo mwaka, maze aba ubwami bw’itegeko nshinga bwategekwaga na Sultan. Muri Mutarama 1964, abaturage ba Zanzibar bahiritse ubutegetsi bwa Sultan bashinga Repubulika y'Abaturage ya Zanzibar. Ku ya 26 Mata 1964, Tanganyika na Zanzibar bashinze Repubulika yunze ubumwe, maze ku ya 29 Ukwakira muri uwo mwaka, icyo gihugu cyiswe Repubulika yunze ubumwe ya Tanzaniya.

Ibendera ry'igihugu: Ni urukiramende rufite igipimo cy'uburebure n'ubugari bwa 3: 2. Ubuso bwibendera bugizwe namabara ane: icyatsi, ubururu, umukara, numuhondo.Ibumoso bwo hejuru no hepfo iburyo ni mpandeshatu zingana zingana na mpandeshatu zicyatsi kibisi nubururu. Icyatsi kigereranya igihugu kandi kigereranya imyizerere y’ubuyisilamu; ubururu bugereranya imigezi, ibiyaga n’inyanja; umukara ugereranya abanyafurika birabura; umuhondo ugereranya ubutunzi bukomeye nubutunzi.

Tanzaniya ituwe n'abaturage barenga miliyoni 37, muri bo Zanzibar igera kuri miliyoni 1 (byagereranijwe mu 2004). Amoko 126, amoko ya Sukuma, Nyamwicz, Chaga, Hehe, Makandi na Haya afite abaturage barenga miliyoni. Hariho kandi bamwe mu bakomoka ku barabu, Abahinde n'Abanyapakisitani n'Abanyaburayi. Igiswahiri ni ururimi rwigihugu kandi ni lingua franca yemewe hamwe nicyongereza. Abatuye Tanganyika bemera cyane cyane Gatolika, Abaporotesitanti n'Ubuyisilamu, mu gihe abatuye Zanzibar hafi ya bose bemera Islam.

Tanzaniya nigihugu cyubuhinzi. Ibihingwa nyamukuru ni ibigori, ingano, umuceri, amasaka, umuceri, imyumbati, nibindi. Ibihingwa nyamukuru byamafaranga ni ikawa, ipamba, sisal, cashews, karungu, icyayi, itabi, nibindi.

Tanzaniya ikungahaye ku bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro. Amabuye y'agaciro yemejwe arimo diyama, zahabu, amakara, icyuma, fosifate, na gaze gasanzwe. Inganda za Tanzaniya ziganjemo gutunganya ibikomoka ku buhinzi no gutumiza mu mahanga inganda zoroheje zisimburwa, harimo imyenda, gutunganya ibiribwa, uruhu, gukora inkweto, kuzunguruka ibyuma, gutunganya aluminium, sima, impapuro, amapine, ifumbire, gutunganya amavuta, guteranya imodoka, no gukora ibikoresho by’ubuhinzi. < uzwi. Ahantu nyaburanga hazwi cyane muri Tanzaniya harimo Crater ya Ngorongoro, Ikibaya kinini cya Rift, Ikiyaga cya Manyana, n'ibindi. Hariho kandi ahantu nyaburanga ndangamuco n'umuco nk'umujyi wa San Island Umucakara, umujyi wa kera cyane ku isi, hamwe n'abacuruzi b'Abarabu.