IZimbabwe, igama eligcwele leRiphabhulikhi yaseZimbabwe, ihlanganisa indawo engaphezu kwamakhilomitha-skwele angama-390,000. IZimbabwe itholakala eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Afrika futhi iyizwe elingenazintambo. Lakhelene neMozambique empumalanga, iNingizimu Afrika ngaseningizimu, neBotswana neZambia entshonalanga nasenyakatho ntshonalanga. Iningi lazo yizindawo ezigcwele amathafa, ezinezinga eliphakeme elingaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1 000. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zomhlaba: indawo enotshani obuphakeme, utshani obuphakathi nendawo enotshani obuphansi. Intaba Inyangani empumalanga ingamamitha angu-2,592 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, okuyindawo ephakeme kakhulu ezweni. Imifula emikhulu yiZambezi neLimpopo, okuyimifula engasemngceleni neZambia neNingizimu Afrika ngokulandelana. Isimo sezulu samathafa asezindaweni ezishisayo, esinamazinga okushisa aphakathi nonyaka angama-22 ° C, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu ngo-Okthoba, elifinyelela kuma-32 ° C, kanti izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu ngoJulayi, cishe ngo-13-17 ° C.

Izwe lihlukaniswe izifundazwe eziyi-8, nezifunda ezingama-55 kanye nomasipala abayi-14. Amagama ezifundazwe eziyisishiyagalombili yilezi: iMashonaland West, iMashonaland Central, iMashonaland East, iManica, iCentral, iMazunago, iMatabeleland North, neMatabeleland South.

IZimbabwe yizwe lasendulo eliseningizimu ne-Afrika elinomlando oqinile wase-Afrika. Cishe ngonyaka we-1100 AD, umbuso obumbene waqala ukwakheka. I-Karenga yasungula uMonomotapa Kingdom ngekhulu le-13, futhi umbuso wafinyelela esikhathini sawo sokuqala ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-15. Ngo-1890, iZimbabwe yaba ikoloni laseBrithani.Kwathi ngo-1895, iBrithani yaqamba iSouthern Rhodesia ngegama lekoloniyali uRhodes. Ngo-1923, uhulumeni waseBrithani wathatha umhlaba futhi wawunika isikhundla "sendawo ebusayo". Ngo-1964, umbuso wakwaSmith White eSouthern Rhodesia washintsha igama lezwe laba yiRhodesia, futhi wamemezela unilaterally "ukuzimela" ngo-1965, waliguqula igama laba yi "Republic of Rhodesia" ngo-1970. NgoMeyi 1979, izwe laqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi "iRiphabhlikhi yaseZimbabwe (Rhodesia)". Ngenxa yokuphikiswa okunamandla ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, akukaze kubonwe emhlabeni jikelele. Ukuzimela ngo-Ephreli 18, 1980, izwe laqanjwa njengeRiphabhulikhi yaseZimbabwe.

Ifulegi likazwelonke: Ngunxande ovundlile onesilinganiso sobude nobubanzi buka-2: 1. Ohlangothini lwefulegi kunonxantathu omhlophe we-isosceles onemingcele emnyama, phakathi kunenkanyezi ebomvu enamaphoyinti amahlanu.Ngaphakathi kwenkanyezi kunenyoni yaseZimbabwe.Umhlophe ufanekisela ukuthula.Inkanyezi enamaphoyinti amahlanu imele izifiso ezinhle zezwe nesizwe.Inyoni yaseZimbabwe iwuphawu oluyingqayizivele lezwe , Iphinde ibe uphawu lwezimpucuko zasendulo eZimbabwe nasemazweni ase-Afrika; kwesokudla kunamabha ayisikhombisa ahambisanayo, amnyama maphakathi, kuthi izinhlangothi ezingaphezulu nezingezansi zibomvu, ziphuzi, futhi ziluhlaza. Okumnyama kufanekisela iningi labantu abamnyama, okubomvu kufanekisela igazi elifafazwe ngabantu lokuzimela, okuphuzi kufanekisela izinsiza zezimbiwa, kanti okuluhlaza kufanekisela ezolimo zezwe.

IZimbabwe inabantu abayizigidi eziyi-13.1. Abamnyama babebalelwa ku-97.6% wabantu, ikakhulukazi amaShona (79%) namaNdebele (17%), abamhlophe babengu-0.5%, kanti abase-Asia babalelwa ku-0.41%. IsiNgisi, isiShona nesiNdebele nazo yizilimi ezisemthethweni. U-40% wabantu ukholelwa enkolweni yokuqala, u-58% ukholelwa ebuKristwini, kuthi u-1% akholelwe enkolweni yamaSulumane.

IZimbabwe icebile ngemithombo yemvelo futhi inesisekelo esihle sezimboni nezolimo. Imikhiqizo yezimboni ithunyelwa emazweni angomakhelwane.Eminyakeni ejwayelekile, ingaphezu kokuzimela ekudleni.Ingumthengisi wesithathu ngobukhulu emhlabeni othumela ugwayi.Izinga lokuthuthuka komnotho lingelesibili kuphela eNingizimu Afrika eNingizimu ye-Afrika.Ukukhiqiza, ezezimayini kanye nezolimo kuyizinsika ezintathu zomnotho wezwe. . Inani lokukhishwa kwamabhizinisi azimele lisebenza cishe ngama-80% we-GDP.

Izigaba zezimboni ikakhulu zifaka ukucutshungulwa kwensimbi nensimbi (25% yenani eliphelele lokukhipha), ukucutshungulwa kokudla (15%), ama-petrochemicals (13%), iziphuzo nogwayi (11%), izindwangu (10%) , Izembatho (8%), ukwenza iphepha nokuphrinta (6%), njll. Ezolimo kanye nokufuya ikakhulukazi kuveza ummbila, ugwayi, ukotini, izimbali, umoba netiye, njll. Ukufuya izilwane ikakhulu kukhiqiza izinkomo. Njengoba inendawo engamahektare ayizigidi ezingama-33.28 yomhlaba olimekayo, inani labantu bezolimo libalwa ngabantu abangama-67% bezwe.Akulona nje kuphela ukuthi lizimele ngokwalo ekudleni, liphinde lijabulele idumela elithi "igranari" eningizimu ye-Afrika. I-Tianjin isiphenduke umthengisi omkhulu wokudla e-Afrika, isithumeli esikhulu sikagwayi eselaphekiwe emhlabeni, kanye nomhlinzeki wesine ngobukhulu emakethe yezimbali yase-Europe.Ukuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo yezolimo kubanga cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yemali engenayo ezweni ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.

Imboni yezokuvakasha yaseZimbabwe ithuthuke ngokushesha futhi isibe umkhakha omkhulu wokuhola imali yakwamanye amazwe eZimbabwe. Indawo enhle edumile yiVictoria Falls, futhi kunamapaki kazwelonke angama-26 nezindawo zokugcina izilwane zasendle.

IHarare: IHarare, inhlokodolobha yaseZimbabwe, isethafeni elisenyakatho-mpumalanga yeZimbabwe, ephakeme ngamamitha angaphezu kuka-1 400. Yakhiwa ngo-1890. Lesi sigodlo ekuqaleni sasakhelwe ukuthi amakoloni aseBrithani angene futhi angene eMashonaland futhi aqanjwa ngegama likaNdunankulu waseBrithani uLord Salisbury. Kusukela ngo-1935, sakhiwe kabusha futhi sakhiwa kancane kancane saba idolobha lanamuhla lanamuhla. Ngo-Ephreli 18, 1982, uhulumeni waseZimbabwe wanquma ukuqamba kabusha iSalisbury ngokuthi yiHarare. NgesiShona, iHarare isho ukuthi "idolobha elingalali". Ngokomlando, leli gama laguqulwa lisuselwa egameni lenduna. Uhlale ephapheme njalo, akalali futhi unomoya wokulwa nesitha.

IHarare inesimo sezulu esihle, nezimila ezichumayo nezimbali eziqhakaza unyaka wonke. Imigwaqo yedolobha i-criss-cross, yakha izinhlamvu eziningi ze- "Tac". Umgwaqo ogcwele izihlahla ubanzi, uhlanzekile futhi uthule, unamapaki nezingadi eziningi. Phakathi kwazo, iPaki elidumile laseSalisbury linempophoma yokufakelwa elingisa "iMpophoma iVictoria", egijimayo futhi yehlela phansi.

Kukhona iVictoria Museum eseHarare, equkethe imidwebo yomdabu yasekuqaleni kanye nezinsalela eziyigugu zamasiko ezavunjululwa "eGreat Zimbabwe Site". Kunama-cathedral, amanyuvesi, iRuffalo Stadium nemipheme yobuciko. Intaba eluhlaza yaseKobe isentshonalanga yedolobha.Ngo-Ephreli 1980, uNdunankulu wangaleso sikhathi uMugabe uqobo walayitha isibani esikhanya njalo ukuzokhalisa amasosha afela iqhawe elathola inkululeko nenkululeko. Ukusuka esiqongweni sentaba ungabona umbono we-panoramic weHarare. Amakhilomitha angama-30 eningizimu-ntshonalanga yedolobha yipaki kazwelonke, lapho amahlathi aminyene namachibi acwebile ayindawo enhle yokubhukuda, ukuhamba ngesikebhe nokubuka izilwane nezitshalo zase-Afrika. Izindawo eziseningizimu-mpumalanga nasentshonalanga yedolobha yizindawo zezimboni futhi enye yezimakethe ezinkulu zokusabalalisa ugwayi emhlabeni. Amadlelo alapha abizwa nge "Gowa" ngabantu bendawo, okusho ukuthi "inhlabathi ebomvu".