Canada nwere oke ala nwere mpaghara ala nke 998.4670 square kilomita, na-agbago nke abụọ na ụwa. Emi odude ke edere edere edere edere America (ke ẹsiode Alaska Peninsula ye Greenland, ofụri edere edere edere edi ikpehe Canada). O nwere oke Osimiri Atlantic n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ, Oke Osimiri Pasifik n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ, kọntinent United States na ndịda ya, yana Osimiri Arctic na mpaghara ugwu. Ọ dị nso na Alaska na United States na northwest na Greenland n'ofe Baffin Bay ruo n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ. Linesọ osimiri gbara ihe karịrị kilomita 240,000. Ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ bụ mpaghara ugwu, nnukwu Osimiri na mpaghara St. Lawrence nke dịdebere United States na ndịda nwere ala dị larịị na ọtụtụ efere. N'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ bụ Ugwu Cordillera, mpaghara kachasị elu na Canada, nwere ọtụtụ ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu karịa 4000 mita karịa ọkwa mmiri. Ugwu bu ugwu Arctic, otutu ugwu na ugwu di ala. Akụkụ bụ akụkụ larịị. Ugwu kachasị elu, Logan Peak, dị na Rocky Mountains na ọdịda anyanwụ, na elu nke 5,951 mita. Canada bụ otu n'ime mba nwere ọtụtụ ọdọ mmiri n'ụwa. N'ikuku site na ikuku ifufe nke ọdịda anyanwụ, ọtụtụ akụkụ nke Canada nwere ihu igwe nwere oke oyi na-ekpo ọkụ. Okpomọkụ dị ntakịrị ala na ọwụwa anyanwụ, agafeghị na ndịda, dị nwayọọ ma dị mmiri mmiri na ọdịda anyanwụ, na ihu igwe tundra oyi na mgbago ugwu. Agwaetiti Arctic na-ajụ oyi n'afọ niile.

E kewara obodo a na mpaghara 10 na mpaghara atọ. Mpaghara iri bụ: Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland na Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec na Saskatchewan. Mpaghara atọ a bụ: Northwest Territories, Yukon Territories na Nunavut Territories. Mpaghara ọ bụla nwere gọọmentị mpaghara yana ọgbakọ mpaghara a họpụtara ahọpụta. Emebere mpaghara Nunavut na Eprel 1, 1999 ma na-achịkwa Inuit.

Okwu Canada sitere na asusu Huron-Iroquois, nke putara "obodo, obere ulo ma obu ulo ala". The French onye nyocha Cartier bịara ebe a na 1435 wee jụọ ndị India aha ebe ahụ. Onye isi ahụ zara "Canada", nke pụtara obodo dị nso. Cartier hiere ụzọ na mpaghara ahụ dum, ma kemgbe ahụ kpọrọ ya Canada. Arụmụka ọzọ bụ na na 1500, onye na-eme nchọpụta Portuguese Cortrell bịara ebe a wee hụ mkpọmkpọ ebe, ya mere o kwuru Canada! Ọ pụtara "Enweghị ihe ọ bụla ebe a." Ndị India na Inuit (Eskimos) bụ ndị mbụ biri na Canada. Site na narị afọ nke 16, Canada ghọrọ ọchịchị France na Britain. N’agbata afọ 1756 na 1763, Britain na France dara “n’Agha Afọ Asaa” na Canada.E meriri France ma nyefee Britain ala ahụ. Na 1848, ndị Britain nke North America guzobere ọchịchị kwụụrụ onwe ya. Na Julaị 1, 1867, ndị omebe iwu Britain nyere iwu "British North America Act", nke jikọtara mpaghara nke Canada, New Brunswick, na Nova Scotia ka ọ bụrụ otu gọọmentị, nke ghọrọ ọchịchị mbụ na United Kingdom, nke a na-akpọ Dominion nke Canada. Site na 1870 ruo 1949, mpaghara ndị ọzọ sonyekwara na gọọmentị. N’afọ 1926, Britain matara na “ọnọdụ ha nhata” bụ nke Canada, Canada wee malite inweta nnwere onwe nke mba ọzọ. Na 1931, Canada ghọrọ onye otu Commonwealth, ndị omeiwu ya nwetakwara ikike ịmebe iwu na nke ndị omebe iwu Britain. Na 1967 ndị otu Quebec welitere okwu nke ịrịọ nnwere onwe nke Quebec, na 1976 otu a meriri ntuli aka nke mpaghara. Québec mere referendum maka nnwere onwe na 1980, ọ wee bụrụ na ọtụtụ ndị na-emegide ya, mana esemokwu ahụ emesighi. Na Machị 1982, British House of Lords na House of Commons tinyere iwu "Canadian Constitution Act". N'ọnwa Eprel, eze nwanyị kwadoro ka ọ rụọ ọrụ ahụ. Kemgbe ahụ, Canada enwetala ikike zuru oke iji debe iwu na imegharị usoro iwu a.

Onu ogugu nke Canada bu 32,623 nde (2006). Ọ bụ nke otu mba nwere nnukwu mpaghara na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ pere mpe. N'ime ha, ndị Britain gụrụ 28%, ndị France gụrụ 23%, ndị Europe ndị ọzọ gụrụ 15%, ndị amaala (Indian, Miti, na Inuit) ruru ihe dịka 2%, ndị ọzọ bụ Asia, Latin America, na Africa. Chere. N'ime ha, ndị China bi na 3.5% nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị Canada, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ agbụrụ kacha nta na Canada, ya bụ, agbụrụ ndị ọzọ na-abụghị ndị ọcha na ndị aborigine. Bekee na French bụcha asụsụ gọọmentị. N'ime ndị bi na ya, 45% kwenyere na Katọlik na 36% kwenyere na Protestantism.

Canada bu otu n’ime isi obodo asaa mepere-emepe na odida Anyanwu Anw’uba na ebe oru nruputa aka na ebe oru mmepe. Na 2006, GDP nke Canada bụ ijeri US $ 1,088.937, nke 8 n'ọkwa, nwere uru isi obodo US $ 32,898. Canada dabere na ahia ma dabere kpamkpam na ntinye ego nke mba ọzọ na azụmaahịa mba ofesi. Canada nwere oke ala na oke ohia bara ụba, na-ekpuchi mpaghara nke square kilomita 4.4, na oke ohia na-amị osisi na-ekpuchi mpaghara nke square kilomita 2.86, na-akpata 44% na 29% nke ókèala mba n'otu n'otu; ngụkọta ngwaahịa osisi zuru ezu bụ 17,23 ijeri cubic mita. A na-ebubata ọtụtụ osisi, fiberboard na akwụkwọ akụkọ ọhụrụ kwa afọ. Thelọ ọrụ a na-adabere na mmanụ ala, nchara ọla, na ịkpụpụta akwụkwọ, ebe a na-akọkarị ọka wit na ọka wit, ọka bali, flax, oats, rapeseed, na ọka. Mpaghara ala ubible buru ihe dika 16% nke ala ala, nke ihe dika hectare nde 68 nke ala ubible, nke ruru 8% nke ala ala. Na Canada, 890,000 square kilomita jupụtara na mmiri, mmiri mmiri na-enye 9% nke ụwa. Egbuputala azụ site na azụ, 75% nke ngwaahịa ọkụkụ na-ebupụ, ọ bụkwa ọpụpụ kasịnụ n'ụwa ka ọ na-ebupụ. Ulo oru ndi njem nlegharị anya nke Canada dịkwa oke mmepe, nke itoolu n'etiti mba nwere ego njem nleta kachasị elu n'ụwa.

Ottawa: Isi obodo Canada, Ottawa, dị na nsọtụ ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Ontario na Quebec. Mpaghara isi obodo (tinyere Ottawa na Ontario, Hull na Quebec na obodo ndị gbara ya gburugburu) nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị karịrị 1.1 nde (2005) na mpaghara nke 4,662 square kilomita.

Ottawa di na ala di ala, n’ogologo ya dikwa ihe ra ka mita 109. Mpaghara gbara ya gburugburu gbara oso nke Canadian Shield gbara ya gburugburu. Ọ bụ nke oyi na-ajụ oyi coniferous idụhe ihu igwe. N'oge ọkọchị, iru mmiri ikuku dị elu ma nwee njirimara nke ihu igwe ụgbọ mmiri. N'oge oyi, ebe ọ bụ na enweghị ugwu n'ofe ebe ugwu, ikuku akọrọ ma sie ike nke ugbu a site na Arctic nwere ike ibupụta ala Ottawa na-enweghị ihe mgbochi ọ bụla. Ihu igwe na-akọrọ na oyi. O ruru ogo 39. Mgbe oge opupu ihe ubi rutere, obodo ahụ dum jupụtara na tulips mara mma, na-eme ka isi obodo a mara mma nke ukwuu, ya mere Ottawa nwere aha "Tulip City". Dika onu ogugu sitere na Ngalaba Ihu Igwe, Ottawa nwere otutu oyi n'abali n'okpuru efu ihe dika onwa 8 kwa afo, ya mere ufodu ndi mmadu na-akpo ya "obodo oyi juru oyi".

Ottawa bu obodo ubi, ihe dika otutu nde ndi njem nleta na-abia ebe a kwa afo. Ọwa mmiri ahụ na-agafe na mpaghara ime obodo Ottawa. N'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke Ọwara Mmiri Rideau bụ obodo mgbago, nke Capitol Hill gbara ya gburugburu ma nwee ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị. Ulo nzuko omeiwu, nke di na ukwu nke ugwu nzuko omeiwu na Osimiri Ottawa, bu ulo oru ndi Gothic nke Italiantali N'ime etiti, enwere ulo nzuko nke nwere akara mpaghara nke Canada na ulo elu udo nke 88.7 mita. N'aka ekpe na aka nri nke ụlọ elu ahụ bụ oflọ Ndị Nnọchiteanya na Senate, na nnukwu ụlọ akwụkwọ nke Congress. N'ebe ndịda nke Capitol Hill, n'akụkụ Ọwara Mmiri Ride, ka Ememe Ncheta nke Agha Obodo dị n'etiti Federation Square. Na Wellington Avenue nke dị na Capitol, e nwere ụyọkọ nke ụlọ ndị dị mkpa dịka Governmentlọ Gọọmentị Etiti, Judlọikpe Ikpe, Courtlọikpe Kasị Elu, na Central Bank. N'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Ọwara Mmiri Rideau bụ Xiacheng District Nke a bụ mpaghara ebe ndị bi na-asụ French na-etinye uche, nwere ụlọ ndị ama ama dịka Halllọ Nzukọ Obodo na National Archives.

Ottawa ka bụ obodo omenaala. Ebe nka nka di na obodo nwere National Gallery na ebe ngosi nka nka di iche iche. Mahadum Ottawa, Mahadum Carleton, na Mahadum St. Paul bụ ụlọ akwụkwọ kachasị elu na obodo ahụ. Mahadum Carleton bu otu mahadum bekee. Mahadum nke Ottawa na Mahadum Saint Paul bukwa mahadum abuo.

Vancouver: Vancouver (Vancouver) dị na nsọtụ ndịda nke British Columbia, Canada, ma bụrụ obodo mara mma. Ugwu gbara ya gburugburu na akuku ato ya na oke osimiri nke ozo. Ọ bụ ezie na Vancouver dị na oke ugwu dị ka mpaghara Heilongjiang nke China, oke mmiri ozuzo Pacific na mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na-emetụta ya na ndịda, na e nwere ugwu ndị nwere okwute ndị na-agafe na kọntinent North America dị ka ihe mgbochi na mgbago mgbago ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ.

Vancouver bụ obodo nwere ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri kachasị ukwuu na ụsọ oké osimiri ọdịda anyanwụ nke Canada. Ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke Vancouver bụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri miri emi nke kpọnwụrụ akpọnwụ Ọ bụrụgodi na oge oyi, ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dịkarịsịrị elu karịa 0 Celsius. N'ihi ọnọdụ ala ya pụrụ iche, Port nke Vancouver bụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri kasị buru ibu na-ejikwa nnukwu ụgbọ mmiri n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke ụsọ osimiri North America. 100 nde tọn. Dabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ, 80% -90% nke ụgbọ mmiri na-abịa Hong Kong sitere na China, Japan na obodo ndị ọzọ dị na mpaghara Ọwụwa Anyanwụ. Ya mere, a maara Vancouver dị ka ọnụ ụzọ ámá Canada maka ọwụwa anyanwụ. Na mgbakwunye, igagharị n’ime obodo Vancouver, ụzọ ụgbọ oloko, okporo ụzọ na njem ikuku ka emechara nke ọma. Aha Vancouver sitere na onye ọkwọ ụgbọ mmiri Britain George Vancouver. Na 1791, George Vancouver mere njem mbụ ya na mpaghara ahụ. Kemgbe ahụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị biri ebe a ejiri nwayọ nwayọ. Ntọala nke ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị malitere na 1859. Emebere obodo ahụ na Eprel 6, 1886. Iji cheta onye nyocha mbụ bịara ebe a, akpọrọ obodo ahụ Vancouver.

Toronto: Toronto (Toronto) bu isi obodo Ontario, Canada, nke nwere onu ogugu mmadu kariri 4.3 na uzo 632 square kilomita. Toronto dị n’akụkụ ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ nke Ọdọ Mmiri Ontario, etiti etiti nnukwu ọdọ mmiri na North America, nnukwu ọdọ mmiri kachasị ukwuu na ụwa Ọ nwere ebe dị larịị ma maa mma. Enwere Osimiri Tun na Hengbi n'oge ụgbọ mmiri nwere ike ịbanye n'Oké Osimiri Atlantic site na Osimiri St. Lawrence. Ọ bụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri dị mkpa na Great Lakes nke Canada. Na mbụ Toronto bụ ebe ndị India na-ere ahịa ịchụ nta n'akụkụ ọdọ mmiri ahụ, ka oge na-aga, ọ bịara jiri nke nta nke nta ghọrọ ebe ndị mmadụ na-ezukọ. "Toronto" pụtara ebe a na-ezukọ na India.

Ebe etiti akụ na ụba nke Canada, Toronto bụ obodo kachasị ukwuu na Canada.Ọ dị n'etiti Canada ma dịrị nso na mpaghara ndị mepere emepe mepere emepe nke ọwụwa anyanwụ United States, dị ka Detroit, Pittsburgh na Chicago. Industrylọ ọrụ ụgbọala, ụlọ ọrụ eletriki, ụlọ ọrụ ego na njem na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na akụ na ụba Toronto, na nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ na-arụpụta ụgbọala na Canada bụ ebe a. Ngwaahịa ya dị elu na-eji 60% nke mba ahụ eme ihe.

Toronto bụkwa ebe dị mkpa maka ọdịbendị, mmụta na sayensị. Mahadum nke Toronto, mahadum kachasị na Canada, bidoro na 1827. Ogige a kpuchiri hectare 65 ma nwee kọleji iri na isii. Mahadum York dị na northwest nke obodo ahụ guzobere Bethune College iji nye ọzụzụ na China. A maara Ontario Science Center nke ọma maka ọtụtụ ihe ngosi sayensị emere ọhụrụ. Newslọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi nke mba, National Broadcasting Corporation, National Ballet, National Opera na ụlọ ọrụ sayensị mba ndị ọzọ na ụlọ ọrụ sayensị sayensị na-ahụkwa ebe a.

Toronto bụkwa obodo ndị ama ama na-eme njem nlegharị anya, obodo mara mma na ọnọdụ eke na-eme ka ndị mmadụ na-egbu oge. Akwụkwọ akụkọ na ụlọ nnọchi anya pụrụ iche na Toronto bụ ụlọ ọrụ ọchịchị ọhụrụ nke dị n'etiti etiti obodo ahụ.Ọ nwere akụkụ atọ: ụlọ ọrụ ọfịs abụọ nwere ụlọ dị elu dị iche iche na-eguzogide onwe ha, otu nnukwu ụlọ ihe na-eme ọtụtụ ihe omume na-adịkwa n'etiti. Ọ dị ka okpokoro okooko osisi mussel meghere emeghe nwere peel.