Ethiopia, the full name of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is located on the East African plateau in the southwest of the Red Sea. It borders Djibouti and Somalia to the east, Sudan to the west, Kenya to the south and Eritrea to the north. The territory covers an area of ​​1103600 square kilometers. The territory is dominated by mountain plateaus, most of which belong to the Ethiopian plateau. The central and western regions are the main part of the plateau, accounting for two-thirds of the entire territory. The Great Rift Valley runs through the entire territory with an average elevation of nearly 3,000 meters. It is known as the "Roof of Africa" . The annual average temperature is 13°C. In addition to the capital city of Addis Ababa, the country is divided into nine states by ethnic group.

Ethiopia is an ancient country with 3000 years of civilization. As early as 975 BC, Menelik I established the Kingdom of Nubia here. At the beginning of AD, the kingdom of Aksum that emerged here was once a great cultural center in Africa. In the 13th-16th centuries AD, the Amharic people established a powerful Abyssinian kingdom. After Western colonists invaded Africa in the 15th century, Ethiopia was reduced to a colony of Britain and Italy. In the 16th century, Portugal and the Ottoman Empire invaded one after another. At the beginning of the 19th century it split into several duchy. The British invasion in 1868. Italy invaded in 1890 and declared Egypt to be "protected". On March 1, 1896, the Egyptian army defeated the Italian army. In October of the same year, Italy recognized Egypt’s independence and completely driven out the colonialists in World War II. In November 1930, the Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie I ascended the throne. The name of Ethiopia was officially opened in 1941. It means "the land where people tanned by the sun live" in ancient Greek. In September 1974, the Provisional Military Administrative Commission took over power and deposed the monarchy. In September 1987, the establishment of the Ethiopian People’s Democratic Republic was announced. The civil war broke out in Ethiopia in 1988. In May 1991, the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front overthrew the Mengistu regime and established a transitional government in July of the same year. In December 1994, the Constituent Assembly passed a new constitution. On August 22, 1995, the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia was established.

Ethiopia has a population of 77.4 million (official figures in 2005). There are about 80 ethnic groups in the country, of which 54% are Oromo, 24% Amharic, and 5% Tigray. Others include the Afar, Somali, Gulag, Sidamo and Voletta. Amharic is the working language of the Federation, and English is commonly used. The main national languages ​​are Oromo and Tigray. 45% of the residents believe in Islam, 40% believe in Ethiopian Orthodox, and a few believe in Protestant, Catholic and primitive religions.

Ethiopia is one of the least developed countries in the world. Agriculture and animal husbandry are the backbone of the national economy and foreign exchange earning through exports, and its industrial foundation is weak. Rich in mineral and water resources. Ethiopia is very rich in water resources, with many rivers and lakes in the territory, which is known as the "East African Water Tower". There are many rivers and lakes in the territory. The Blue Nile River originates here, but the utilization rate is less than 5%. Egypt is also one of the countries with the richest geothermal resources. Due to soil erosion and blind logging, the forest is seriously damaged. The industrial categories are not complete, the structure is unreasonable, the parts and raw materials are imported, and the manufacturing and processing industries are mainly food, beverage, textile, cigarettes and leather. The layout is uneven, concentrated in two or three cities including the capital. Agriculture is the backbone of the national economy and export earnings. The main food crops are barley, wheat, corn, sorghum and teff unique to Ethiopia. Teff has tiny particles and is rich in starch. It is the favorite food of Ethiopian people. The cash crops include coffee, chate grass, flowers, oil crops, etc. Ethiopia is rich in coffee and is one of the top 10 coffee producers in the world. Its output ranks third in Africa, and its exports account for two-thirds of total export revenue. From 2005 to 2006, Ethiopia exported 183,000 tons of coffee, valued at US$427 million. Ethiopia has many grasslands, and more than half of the country's land is suitable for grazing. In 2001, there were 130 million heads of livestock, ranking first among African countries, and the output value accounted for 20% of GDP. It is rich in tourism resources, with many cultural relics and wild animal parks. Ethiopia is rich in tourism resources, with many cultural relics and wildlife parks. In 2001, a total of 140,000 foreign tourists were received and foreign exchange income was 79 million US dollars.

An interesting fact-the "root" of coffee is in Ethiopia. Around 900 AD, when a shepherd in the Kafa area of ​​Ethiopia was grazing in the mountains, he found that the sheep were vying for a red berry. After eating, the sheep jumped and reacted abnormally. The shepherd thought what his sheep had eaten. Harmful food and worry all night. Surprisingly, the flock of sheep was safe and sound the next day. This unexpected discovery prompted the shepherd to gather this wild fruit to quench his thirst. He felt that the juice was incredibly fragrant, and he was very excited after drinking it. So he began to plant this plant, which developed today's large-scale coffee cultivation. The name of coffee is derived from the coffee method. The Kafa area has always been called the "hometown of coffee".

Addis Ababa: Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia, is located in a valley in the central plateau. At an altitude of 2350 meters, it is the highest city in Africa. The population is more than 3 million (the official figures of Egypt in 2004). The African Union is headquartered in this city. More than a hundred years ago, this place was still a wilderness. Menelik II’s wife Taito built a house next to the hot spring here, as the beginning of the city’s construction, and later allowed the nobles to acquire land here. In 1887, Menelik II officially moved his capital here. According to Amharic, Addis Ababa means "the city of new flowers" and was created by Queen Taitu. Addis Ababa is located on a foothill terrace surrounded by mountains, divided into two parts according to the topography. Although the land is close to the equator, the climate is cool and the seasons are like spring, with undulating peaks and mountains around the city. The urban scenery is beautiful, the streets undulate with the mountains, and the roads are full of strange flowers; eucalyptus trees are everywhere, slender and slender, green and lush, with drooping triangular leaves, the color is slightly frost, and it looks like bamboo covered with hoarfrost. , Is the unique scenery of this city.

Addis Ababa is the economic center of Ethiopia. More than half of the enterprises in the country are concentrated in the southwest of the city, and the southern suburbs are industrial areas. There is a coffee trade center in the city. It is a highway and railway transportation hub, with flights connecting domestic cities and countries in Africa, Europe and Asia.