Gabon, the full name of the Republic of Gabon, is located in central and western Africa, with the equator traversing the middle part and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. It borders Congo (Brazzaville) to the east and south, and borders Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea to the north. The coastline is 800 kilometers long. The coast is a plain, with sand dunes, lagoons and swamps in the southern section, and cliffs facing the sea in the northern section. The inland is a plateau with an altitude of 500-800 meters. Ibnji Mountain is 1,575 meters high, the highest point in the country. The Ogoway River traverses the entire territory from east to west. It has a typical equatorial rainforest climate with high temperature and rain throughout the year, with an average annual temperature of 26℃. Gabon has abundant forest resources. The forest area accounts for 85% of the country's land area. It is known as the "Green and Gold Country" in Africa.

The country is divided into 9 provinces (estuary, Ogooue-Maritime, Nyanga, Ogooue Central, Ogooue, Ogooue-Lolo, Ogooue Wei-Yvindo Province, Ngouni Province, and Walle-Entem Province), under the jurisdiction of 44 states, 8 counties and 12 cities.

In the 12th century AD, the Bantu people migrated from eastern Africa to Gabon and established some tribal kingdoms on both sides of the Ogoway River. The Portuguese first came to the Gabon coast to sell slaves in the 15th century. France gradually invaded in the 18th century. From 1861 to 1891 the whole territory was occupied by France. In 1910 it was classified as one of the four territories of French Equatorial Africa. In 1911, France transferred Gabon and other four territories to Germany, and Gabon returned to France after the First World War. In early 1957 it became a "semi-autonomous republic". In 1958 it became an "autonomous republic" within the "French Community". Independence was declared on August 17, 1960, but it remained in the "French Community".

National flag: It is rectangular, with a ratio of length to width of 4:3. From top to bottom, it consists of three parallel horizontal rectangles of green, yellow and blue. Green symbolizes abundant forest resources. Gabon is known as the "land of wood" and "green and gold"; yellow symbolizes sunlight; blue symbolizes the ocean.

The population is over 1.5 million (2005). The official language is French. The national languages ​​include Fang, Miyene, and Batakai. Residents believe in Catholicism accounted for 50%, believe in Protestant Christianity accounted for 20%, believe in Islam accounted for 10%, and the rest believe in primitive religion.

It is listed as the only "middle income" country in French-speaking Africa. The economy developed rapidly after independence. The petroleum-based extractive industry has developed rapidly, and the processing industry and agriculture have a weak foundation. Petroleum, manganese, uranium and wood used to be the four pillars of the economy. Gabon is rich in mineral resources. It is the third largest oil producer in Black Africa, and its oil export revenue accounts for more than 50% of its GDP. The proven recoverable oil reserves are about 400 million tons. The manganese ore reserves are 200 million tons, accounting for 25% of the world's reserves, ranking fourth, and the world's third largest producer and exporter. The output has stabilized at about 2 million tons in recent years, and is known as the "country of black gold". Gabon is known as the country of forests, with lush forests and many types. The forest area is 22 million hectares, accounting for 85% of the country's land area, and the log reserves are about 400 million cubic meters, ranking third in Africa.

The mining industry is Gabon’s main economic sector. Petroleum began to be developed in the early 1960s. 95% of the oil was exported. Export revenue accounted for 41% of GDP, 80% of total exports, and 62% of national fiscal revenue. The main industries include petroleum smelting, wood processing and food processing. The development of agriculture and animal husbandry is slow. Grain, meat, vegetables and eggs are not self-sufficient, and 60% of the grain needs to be imported. The area of ​​arable land is less than 2% of the national land area, and the rural population accounts for 27% of the national population. The main agricultural products are cassava, plantain, corn, yam, taro, cocoa, coffee, vegetables, rubber, palm oil, etc. It mainly exports petroleum, wood, manganese and uranium; it mainly imports food, light industrial products, and machinery and equipment. The main trading partners are Western countries such as France.