IGabon Imininingwane Eyisisekelo
| Isikhathi sendawo | Isikhathi sakho |
|---|---|
|
|
|
| Izoni yesikhathi yasendaweni | Umehluko wendawo |
| UTC/GMT +1 ihora |
| ububanzi / ubude |
|---|
| 0°49'41"S / 11°35'55"E |
| ukufaka ikhodi kwe-iso |
| GA / GAB |
| imali |
| iFranc (XAF) |
| Ulimi |
| French (official) Fang Myene Nzebi Bapounou/Eschira Bandjabi |
| ugesi |
 Thayipha c European 2-pin |
| ifulegi lesizwe |
|---|
 |
| inhlokodolobha |
| Libreville |
| uhlu lwamabhange |
| IGabon uhlu lwamabhange |
| inani labantu |
| 1,545,255 |
| indawo |
| 267,667 KM2 |
| GDP (USD) |
| 19,970,000,000 |
| ifoni |
| 17,000 |
| Umakhalekhukhwini |
| 2,930,000 |
| Inani labasingathi be-Intanethi |
| 127 |
| Inani labasebenzisi be-Intanethi |
| 98,800 |
IGabon isingeniso
|
IGabon ihlanganisa indawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angaba ngu-267 700. Itholakala enkabeni nasentshonalanga ye-Afrika.I-equator inqamula phakathi nendawo ye-Afrika.Inqamula ulwandle i-Atlantic Ocean entshonalanga, imingcele iCongo (iBrazzaville) empumalanga naseningizimu, inqamula iCameroon ne-Equatorial Guinea ngasenyakatho, futhi inogu lwamakhilomitha angama-800. Ugu luyithafa, linezindunduma zesihlabathi, amachibi kanye namaxhaphozi engxenyeni eseningizimu, amawa abheke olwandle engxenyeni esenyakatho, namathafa amaphakathi.Umfula i-Ogowei unqamula yonke le ndawo usuke empumalanga uye entshonalanga. IGabon inesimo sezulu esijwayelekile se-equatorial rainforest esinamazinga aphezulu okushisa nemvula unyaka wonke.Inezinsizakusebenza eziningi zehlathi. Indawo yehlathi ibalelwa ku-85% wezwe lomhlaba.Laziwa ngokuthi "izwe eliluhlaza negolide" e-Afrika. IGabon, igama eligcwele leRiphabhulikhi yaseGabon, lisenkabeni nasentshonalanga ye-Afrika, i-equator inqamula ingxenye ephakathi ne-Atlantic Ocean iye entshonalanga. Unqamula iCongo (iBrazzaville) empumalanga naseningizimu, futhi unqamula iCameroon ne-Equatorial Guinea ngasenyakatho. Ugu lungamakhilomitha angama-800 ubude. Ugu luyithafa, linezindunduma zesihlabathi, amachibi kanye namaxhaphozi engxenyeni eseningizimu, namawa abheke olwandle engxenyeni esenyakatho. Izwe maphakathi nethafa elinokuphakama kwamamitha ayi-500-800. Intaba i-Ibnji ingamamitha ayi-1,575 ukuphakama, okuyindawo ephakeme kakhulu ezweni. UMfula i-Ogoway unqamula yonke le ndawo usuke empumalanga uye entshonalanga. Inesimo sezulu esijwayelekile se-equatorial rainforest esinokushisa okuphezulu nemvula unyaka wonke, ngokushisa okuphakathi konyaka okungama-26 ℃. IGabon inezinsizakusebenza eziningi zehlathi. Indawo yehlathi ibalelwa ku-85% wezwe lomhlaba.Laziwa ngokuthi "yizwe eliGreen neGolide" e-Afrika. Izwe lihlukaniswe izifundazwe eziyi-9 (itheku, Ogooue-Maritime, Nyanga, Ogooue Central, Ogooue, Ogooue-Lolo, Ogooue Isifundazwe i-Wei-Yvindo, isiFundazwe saseNgouni, kanye nesifundazwe saseWalle-Entem), ngaphansi kwegunya lamazwe angama-44, izifunda eziyi-8 namadolobha ayi-12. Ngekhulu le-12 AD, abantu baseBantu basuka empumalanga ye-Afrika baya eGabon futhi basungula imibuso yezizwe nhlangothi zombili zoMfula i-Ogoway. AmaPutukezi aqala ukufika ogwini lwaseGabon ukuzothengisa izigqila ngekhulu le-15. IFrance yahlasela kancane kancane ngekhulu le-18. Kusukela ngo-1861 kuya ku-1891 yonke le ndawo yayihlala iFrance. Yabekwa njengenye yezindawo ezine zeFrance Equatorial Africa e1910. Ngo-1911, iFrance yadlulisela iGabon nezinye izindawo ezine eJalimane, kwathi iGabon yabuyela eFrance ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Ekuqaleni kuka-1957 yaba "yi-republic semi-autonomous republic". Ngo-1958 yaba "yiriphabhuliki ezizimele" ngaphakathi "Komphakathi waseFrance". Ukuzimela kwamenyezelwa ngo-Agasti 17, 1960, kepha kwahlala "emphakathini waseFrance". Ifulegi likazwelonke: Lingunxande ngesilinganiso sobude nobubanzi obungu-4: 3. Kusukela phezulu kuye phansi, iqukethe onxande abathathu abaqondile abavundlile bokuluhlaza, okuphuzi noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Okuhlaza kukhombisa imithombo eminingi yehlathi. IGabon yaziwa ngokuthi "umhlaba wezinkuni" nokuthi "okuluhlaza okotshani negolide"; okuphuzi kufanekisela ukukhanya kwelanga; okwesibhakabhaka kufanekisela ulwandle. Abantu bangaphezu kwesigidi esingu-1.5 (2005). Ulimi olusemthethweni isiFulentshi. Izilimi zikazwelonke zifaka phakathi isiFang, iMiyene, neBatakai. Izakhamizi zikholelwa ebuKatolikeni babalelwa ku-50%, bakholelwa ebuKristwini bamaProthestani babalelwa ku-20%, abakholelwa kumaSulumane babalelwa ku-10%, kanti abanye bakholelwa enkolweni yokuqala. Kubhalwe njengezwe kuphela "elingenisa eliphakathi" e-Afrika ekhuluma isiFulentshi. Umnotho wakhula ngokushesha ngemuva kwenkululeko. Imboni ekhiqizayo eyenziwe nge-petroleum ithuthuke ngokushesha, futhi imboni yokucubungula kanye nezolimo zinezisekelo ezibuthakathaka. IPetroleum, i-manganese, i-uranium kanye nokhuni kwakuyizinsika ezine zomnotho. IGabon icebile ngemithombo yamaminerali. Ingumkhiqizi wesithathu ngobukhulu kawoyela e-Black Africa, kanti imali engenayo oyithumela emazweni angaphandle ingaphezu kuka-50% we-GDP yayo. Izinqolobane zikawoyela ezitholakale kahle zingamathani ayizigidi ezingama-400. Izinqolobane ze-manganese ore zingamathani ayizigidi ezingama-200, zibala u-25% wezinqolobane zomhlaba, zikleliswe endaweni yesine, futhi zikhiqize futhi zithumele kwamanye amazwe ngobukhulu besithathu.Okukhiphayo kuzinzile cishe kumathani ayizigidi ezi-2 eminyakeni yamuva nje, futhi yaziwa ngokuthi "yizwe legolide elimnyama". IGabon yaziwa njengezwe lamahlathi, elinamahlathi aluhlaza nezinhlobo eziningi. Indawo eyihlathi ingamahektha ayizigidi ezingama-22, ebala ama-85% omhlaba wezwe, kanti izinqolobane zezingodo zingamamitha ama-cubic acishe abe yizigidi ezingama-400, zikleliswe endaweni yesithathu e-Afrika. Imboni yezimayini ingumkhakha omkhulu wezomnotho waseGabon. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-petroleum kwaqala ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1960. 95% kawoyela wathunyelwa emazweni angaphandle.Imali engenayo yokuthumela impahla kwamanye amazwe yabalelwa kuma-41% we-GDP, ama-80% okuthekeliswa okuphelele, kanye no-62% wemali yezimali kazwelonke. Izimboni ezinkulu zifaka phakathi ukuncibilikiswa kukaphethiloli, ukucutshungulwa kwezinkuni nokulungiswa kokudla. Ukuthuthuka kwezolimo nokufuya kuhamba kancane, okusanhlamvu, inyama, imifino kanye namaqanda akwanele, kanti no-60% wezinhlamvu udinga ukungeniswa emazweni angaphandle. Indawo yomhlaba olimekayo ingaphansi kuka-2% wendawo yomhlaba kazwelonke, kanti abantu basemakhaya babalwa ngama-27% wabantu bakazwelonke. Imikhiqizo emikhulu yezolimo umdumbula, ukhova, ummbila, i-yam, i-taro, i-cocoa, ikhofi, imifino, i-raber, u-oli wesundu, njll. Ithumela kakhulu uphethiloli, ukhuni, i-manganese ne-uranium; ithumela kakhulu ukudla, imikhiqizo yezimboni elula, nemishini nemishini. Abalingani abakhulu bezohwebo amazwe aseNtshonalanga njengeFrance. |