Gabhon Ulwazi olusisiseko
| Ixesha lendawo | Ixesha lakho |
|---|---|
|
|
|
| Indawo yexesha lendawo | Umahluko wendawo yexesha |
| UTC/GMT +1 yure |
| ububanzi / ubude |
|---|
| 0°49'41"S / 11°35'55"E |
| ikhowudi ye-iso |
| GA / GAB |
| imali |
| Franc (XAF) |
| Ulwimi |
| French (official) Fang Myene Nzebi Bapounou/Eschira Bandjabi |
| umbane |
 Uhlobo c lwaseYurophu 2-pin |
| iflegi yesizwe |
|---|
 |
| ikomkhulu |
| ILibreville |
| Uluhlu lweebhanki |
| Gabhon Uluhlu lweebhanki |
| Inani labemi |
| 1,545,255 |
| indawo |
| 267,667 KM2 |
| GDP (USD) |
| 19,970,000,000 |
| ifowuni |
| 17,000 |
| Imfonomfono |
| 2,930,000 |
| Inani lemikhosi ye-Intanethi |
| 127 |
| Inani labasebenzisi be-Intanethi |
| 98,800 |
Gabhon intshayelelo
|
IGabon igubungela ummandla omalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-267,700. Ifumaneka embindini nasentshona Afrika.Iikhweyitha inqumla embindini weAfrika.Inqumleza ulwandlekazi lweAtlantic ngasentshona, imida yeCongo (iBrazzaville) ukuya empuma nasemazantsi, kunye nomda weCameroon ne-Equatorial Guinea ukuya emantla.Umda wonxweme ziikhilomitha ezingama-800 ubude. Unxweme luyithafa, lineendunduma zentlabathi, amadike kunye nemigxobhozo kwicandelo elisemazantsi, amawa ajonge elwandle kumantla, kunye namathafa embindi.UMlambo iOgowei unqumla wonke ummandla usuka empuma uye entshona. IGabon inemozulu yamahlathi emvula ene-equatorial enamaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nemvula unyaka wonke.Inezixhobo ezininzi zehlathi. Indawo yehlathi ibala i-85% yommandla weli lizwe.Yaziwa ngokuba "lilizwe eliluhlaza negolide" e-Afrika. IGabon, igama elipheleleyo leRiphabhlikhi yaseGabon, ikumbindi nasentshona Afrika, kunye ne-ikhweyitha inqumla kwinxalenye ephakathi kunye noLwandlekazi lweAtlantic ngasentshona. Umda weCongo (iBrazzaville) ukuya empuma nakumazantsi, kwaye umda weCameroon ne-Equatorial Guinea ukuya emantla. Unxweme luziikhilomitha ezingama-800 ubude. Unxweme luyithafa, lineendunduma zentlabathi, amachibi kunye nemigxobhozo kwicandelo elisemazantsi, namawa ajonge elwandle kwicandelo elisentla. Umhlaba ungethafa elisentabeni elinobude obuziimitha ezingama-500-800. Intaba yeIbnji iphakame ngeemitha ezili-1,575, eyona ndawo iphakamileyo elizweni. Umlambo i-Ogoway unqumla wonke ummandla usuka empuma uye entshona. Inemozulu yemvula enehlathi elinobushushu obuphezulu kunye nemvula unyaka wonke, ngamaqondo obushushu aphakathi konyaka angama-26 ℃. IGabon inemithombo emininzi yamahlathi.Ihlathi lendawo libala i-85% yommandla welizwe.Yaziwa ngokuba yi "Green kunye neGolide yelizwe" e-Afrika. Ilizwe lahlulwe langamaphondo ali-9 (ichweba, iOgooue-Maritime, iNyanga, iOgooue Central, iOgooue, iOgooue-Lolo, iOgooue Iphondo le-Wei-Yvindo, iPhondo laseNgouni, kunye nePhondo le-Walle-Entem), phantsi kolawulo lwamazwe angama-44, iidolophu ezisi-8 kunye nezixeko ezili-12. Kwinkulungwane ye-12th AD, abantu base-Bantu bafuduka empuma ye-Afrika baya eGabon kwaye bamisela izikumkani ezithile kumacala omabini oMlambo i-Ogoway. AmaPhuthukezi aqala ukufika kunxweme lweGabon ukuthengisa amakhoboka ngekhulu le-15. IFransi ngokuthe ngcembe yahlasela ngenkulungwane ye-18. Ukususela ngo-1861 ukuya kowe-1891 wonke loo mmandla wawuhlalwa yiFrance. Kwi-1910 yahlelwa njengenye yeendawo ezine zeFrench Equatorial Africa. Ngomnyaka we-1911, iFransi yadlulisela iGabon kunye nezinye iindawo ezine eJamani, kwaye iGabon yabuyela eFransi emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi yokuqala. Ebutsheni bowe-1957 yaba yiriphabliki "ezimeleyo". Kwi-1958 yaba "yiriphabliki ezimeleyo" ngaphakathi "koLuntu lwaseFrance". Inkululeko yabhengezwa nge-17 ka-Agasti ka-1960, kodwa yahlala kwi "French Community". Iflegi yesizwe: Yixande kunye nomyinge wobude kububanzi be-4: 3. Ukusuka phezulu kuye ezantsi, inezangqa ezilinganayo ezixandileyo eziluhlaza, tyheli, noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Oluhlaza lubonakalisa ubuninzi bezixhobo zehlathi.I-Gabon yaziwa ngokuba "ngumhlaba weenkuni" kunye "nohlaza kunye negolide"; tyheli ifanekisela ukukhanya kwelanga; luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kufanekisela ulwandle. Abemi bangaphezulu kwesigidi se-1.5 (2005). Ulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni sisiFrentshi. Iilwimi zesizwe zibandakanya iFang, iMiyene, kunye neBatakai. Abahlali bakholelwa kubuKatolika abangama-50%, bakholelwa kubuKrestu bamaProtestanti babalelwa kwi-20%, bakholelwa kwi-Islam babalelwa kwi-10%, kwaye abanye bakholelwa kwinkolo yamandulo. Uluhlu lwalo kuphela "kwilizwe eliphakathi" elinabantu abathetha isiFrentshi eAfrika. Uqoqosho lukhule ngokukhawuleza emva kwenkululeko. Umzi mveliso wokukhupha ipetroleum uphuculwe ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ishishini lokulungisa kunye nezolimo zinesiseko esibuthathaka. I-Petroleum, i-manganese, i-uranium kunye neenkuni zazikhe zaba ziintsika ezine zoqoqosho. IGabon ityebile kwimithombo yezimbiwa. Ngumvelisi weoyile wesithathu ngobukhulu eMnyama eAfrika, kwaye ingeniso yeoyile yokuthumela kwelinye ilizwe ngeoyile ingaphezulu kwama-50% eGDP yayo. Oovimba beoyile abangqiniweyo abanokufunyanwa kwakhona bamalunga nezigidi ezingama-400 zeetoni. Oovimba be manganese oziitoni ezizizigidi ezingama-200, kubalwa ama-25% oovimba behlabathi, bekwindawo yesine, kunye nomvelisi nomthumeli wehlabathi wesithathu ngobukhulu. Iziphumo ziye zazinza malunga nezigidi ezi-2 zeetoni kule minyaka idlulileyo, kwaye yaziwa njengelizwe "legolide elimnyama". IGabon yaziwa njengelizwe lamahlathi, elinamahlathi achumileyo kunye neentlobo ezininzi. Indawo yehlathi ziihektare ezizigidi ezingama-22, ibala i-85% yommandla womhlaba weli lizwe, kwaye oovimba begi bamalunga nezigidi ezingama-400 zeekyubhiki mitha, bekwindawo yesithathu eAfrika. Ishishini lezemigodi licandelo eliphambili lezoqoqosho eGabon. I-petrolium yaqala ukuphuhliswa ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1960.I-95% yeoyile yathunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle.Ingeniso yokuthumela ngaphandle yathatha i-41% ye-GDP, i-80% yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe, kunye ne-62% yengeniso yelizwe. Amashishini aphambili abandakanya ukunyibilika kwepetroleum, ukulungiswa kwemithi kunye nokulungiswa kokutya. Uphuhliso lwezolimo nokufuya luyacotha Ingqolowa, inyama, imifuno kunye namaqanda azonelanga, kwaye i-60% yengqolowa ifuna ukungeniswa elizweni. Indawo yomhlaba olimekayo ingaphantsi kwe-2% yommandla womhlaba wesizwe, kwaye inani labemi basemaphandleni li-27% yabemi besizwe. Ezona mveliso ziphambili zezolimo yicassava, iplanti, umbona, iam, itaro, cocoa, ikofu, imifuno, irabha, ioyile yesundu, njl. Ithumela kakhulu ipetroleum, iinkuni, i-manganese kunye ne-uranium; ikakhulu ingenisa ukutya, iimveliso zorhwebo ezikhanyayo, oomatshini kunye nezixhobo. Amaqabane aphambili kurhwebo ngamazwe aseNtshona afana neFrance. |