Labanon, cikakken sunan Jamhuriyar Lebanon, ya mamaye yanki kilomita murabba'i 10,452. Ya kasance a gefen gabashin Tekun Bahar Rum a kudancin Yammacin Asiya. Tana iyaka da Syria daga gabas da arewa, Falasdinu daga kudu, da kuma Bahar Rum zuwa yamma. Yankin bakin gabar yana da nisan kilomita 220. Dangane da yanayin yanayin kasa, ana iya raba dukkan yankin zuwa filin bakin teku; tsaunukan Lebanon a gabas da filin bakin teku; kwarin Bekaa da ke gabashin Lebanon da kuma tsaunin Anti-Lebanon a gabas. Dutsen Labanon ya ratsa duka yankin, kuma tsaunin Kurnet-Sauda yana da tsayin mita 3083 sama da matakin teku, wanda shine mafi girma a Lebanon. Akwai koguna da yawa, suna gudana zuwa yamma zuwa Tekun Bahar Rum. Kogin Litani shine kogi mafi tsayi a cikin ƙasar. Labanon tana da yanayi mai zafi na tekun Bahar Rum.

Kan'aniyawa daga Yankin Larabawa sun fara zama a yankin a shekara ta 3000 BC. Partangaren Fenikiya ne a 2000 BC, kuma Masar, Assuriya, Babila, Farisa, da Rome suka yi mata mulkin. Ya zama wani ɓangare na Daular Ottoman a ƙarni na 16. Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Farko, Birtaniyya da Faransa suka mamaye Labanon, kuma a cikin 1920 aka mai da shi izinin Faransawa. A ranar 26 ga Nuwamba, 1941, Faransa ta ba da sanarwar kawo karshen aikinta a Lebanon.Ya sami ‘yencin kai a ranar 22 ga Nuwamba, 1943 kuma ta kafa Jamhuriyar Labanon, a watan Disambar 1946, bayan duk sojojin Faransa sun fice, Labanon ta sami cikakken ikon cin gashin kanta.

Tutar ƙasa: Yana da murabba'i mai kusurwa huɗu da faɗi 3: 2. Tsakiyar ita ce farin murabba'i mai dari, wanda ke xauke da rabin tutar sama; na sama da na baya wasu murabba'ai masu jan ja ne guda biyu. A tsakiyar tutar akwai itacen al'ul na ƙasar Lebanon, wanda ake kira Sarkin Shuke-shuke a cikin Baibul. Fari alama ce ta zaman lafiya da ja alama ce ta ruhun sadaukarwa; itacen al'ul an san shi da itacen ƙasar Lebanon, wanda ke wakiltar jimirin gwagwarmaya da ƙarfin mutane, da kuma tsarkaka da rai madawwami.

Lebanon tana da yawan jama'a miliyan 4 (2000). Mafi yawansu Larabawa ne, da Armeniyawa, Turkawa, da Helenawa. Larabci shine harshen ƙasa, kuma ana amfani da Faransanci da Ingilishi sosai. Kimanin kashi 54% na mazauna sun yi imani da Islama, galibi Shia, Sunni da Druze; 46% sun yi imani da Kiristanci, musamman Maronite, Orthodox na Girka, Roman Katolika da Orthodox na Armenia.

Beirut : Beirut ita ce babban birnin Labanon, tana kan wani tsaunuka ne a tsakiyar gabar tekun Labanon, tana fuskantar tekun Bahar Rum kuma tana samun goyon bayan tsaunukan Lebanon, ita ce babbar tashar jirgin ruwa da ke gabashin gabar Bahar Rum. Garin kuma birni ne da ke bakin teku wanda ya shahara da tsarin gine-gine na musamman da kyakkyawan yanayin yanayi. Yankin ya mamaye murabba'in kilomita 67. Tana da Yankin Bahar Rum tare da yanayi mai dumi, tare da matsakaicin matsakaicin shekara-shekara na 21 ° C, ƙaramin bambancin zafin shekara-shekara, da damuna. Matsakaicin matsakaicin zazzabi a watan Yuli shine 32 ℃, kuma matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaici a watan Janairu shine 11 ℃. Kalmar "Beirut" ta samo asali ne daga Phoenician "Belitus", wanda ke nufin "garin rijiyoyi da yawa", kuma wasu tsoffin rijiyoyi a Beirut har yanzu ana amfani dasu. Yawan mutanen ya kai miliyan 1.8 (2004), kuma kashi ɗaya bisa uku na mazaunan musulmin Sunni ne.Kuma wasu sun haɗa da Armenia Orthodox, Orthodox, Katolika, da Musulman Shi'a. 'Yan tsiraru sun hada da Armeniyawa, Falasdinu da Siriya.

Tun zamanin zamanin Neolithic, mutane suna rayuwa a gefen teku da kuma dutsen Beirut. A zamanin Phoenicia, Beirut ya riga ya zama kamar birni.Yana da tashar ruwa ta kasuwanci mai muhimmanci a wancan lokacin kuma ta shahara da masana'antar dinki, buga takardu da rini, da masana'antun karfe. A zamanin Girka, rundunar Alexander the Great sun girka a Beirut a shekara ta 333 kafin haihuwar Yesu, suna ba wa birnin halaye na wayewar Girka. Wadatar Beirut ta kai kololuwa a lokacin Daular Rome, tare da filayen Romanesque, gidajen kallo, filayen wasanni, da wuraren wanka. Beirut ta ruguza da girgizar ƙasa mai ƙarfi da tsunami a cikin 349 AD da 551 AD. A shekara ta 635 Miladiyya, Larabawa sun mamaye Beirut. 'Yan Salibiyyar sun kame Beirut a shekara ta 1110, kuma a cikin 1187, sanannen janar Balaraben Saladin ya kwato shi. Har zuwa karshen yakin duniya na daya, Beirut ta kasance wani bangare na Daular Usmaniyya, musamman bayan daular Usmaniyya ta kaurar da gwamnatin lardin zuwa Beirut, yankin garin ya ci gaba da fadada. Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, musamman bayan samun ‘yancin kan Labanon, ginin biranen Beirut ya bunkasa ta hanyar tsalle, ya zama cibiyar hada-hadar kudi, yawon bude ido da kuma labarai na Gabas ta Tsakiya, kuma sananne ne ga kasuwancin sake fitarwa. Kafin yakin basasa, sanannen sanannen kasuwanci ne, harkar kuɗi, sufuri, yawon buɗe ido, da buga labarai da bugawa a Gabas ta Tsakiya, kuma yana da suna na Gabas ta Tsakiya.

A cikin Beirut, akwai ganuwar Roman, gidajen ibada, wuraren waha, da masallatai daga Daular Usmaniyya. A cikin Biblos, fiye da kilomita 30 arewa da Beirut, har yanzu kuna iya ganin ƙauyen Finikiya da ragowar gine-ginen Roman, haikalin, gidaje, kantuna, da gidajen kallo. Daga cikin abubuwan tarihi da yawa, wanda ya fi jan hankalin masu yawon bude ido shi ne haikalin da ake kira Baalbek, mai nisan sama da kilomita 80 arewa maso gabashin Beirut, wanda shi ne ɗayan shahararrun wuraren tarihi a duniya.