Austria, the full name of the Republic of Austria, with an area of ​​83,858 square kilometers, is a landlocked country located in southern Central Europe. It borders Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west, and Germany and the Czech Republic to the north. Mountains account for 70% of the country's area. The Alps in the east traverse the entire territory from west to east. The Grossglockner Mountain is 3,797 meters above sea level, the highest peak in the country. The northeast is the Vienna Basin, and the north and southeast are hills and plateaus. The Danube River flows through the northeast and is about 350 kilometers long. There are Lake Constance shared with Germany and Switzerland and Lake Neusiedl on the border between Austria and Hungary. It has a temperate broad-leaved forest climate transitioning from ocean to continental, with an average annual rainfall of about 700 mm.

The country is divided into 9 states, 15 cities with autonomy, 84 districts and 2,355 townships at the lowest level. The 9 states are: Burgenland, Carinthia, Upper Austria, Lower Austria, Salzburg, Styria, Tyrol, Vorarlberg, Vienna. There are cities, districts, towns (townships) below the state.

In 400 BC, the Celts established the kingdom of Noricon here. It was occupied by the Romans in 15 BC. In the early Middle Ages, the Goths, Bavarians, and Alemanni settled here, making this area Germanic and Christianized. In 996 AD, "Austria" was first mentioned in history books. The duchy formed during the reign of the Babenberg family in the middle of the 12th century and became an independent country. It was invaded by the Holy Roman Empire in 1276, and in 1278, the Habsburg dynasty began its 640-year rule. In 1699, he won the right to rule Hungary. In 1804, Franz II adopted the title of Emperor of Austria, and was forced to resign from the title of Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806. In 1815, after the Vienna Conference, the German Confederation headed by Austria was established. The transition to a constitutional monarchy from 1860 to 1866. In 1866, he lost in the Prussian-Austrian War and was forced to dissolve the German Confederation. The following year, an agreement was signed with Hungary to establish the dualistic Austro-Hungarian Empire. In World War I, the Austrian army was defeated and the empire collapsed. Austria announced the establishment of a republic on November 12, 1918. It was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938. Joined the war as part of Germany in World War II. After the Allied forces liberated Austria, Austria established an interim government on April 27, 1945. In July of the same year, after Germany surrendered, Austria was again occupied by the Soviet, American, British, and French forces, and the whole territory was divided into 4 occupation zones. In May 1955, the four countries signed a treaty with Austria declaring respect for Austria’s sovereignty and independence. In October 1955, all the occupying forces withdrew. On October 26 of the same year, the Austrian National Assembly passed permanent legislation, announcing that it would not participate in any military alliance and would not allow the establishment of foreign military bases on its territory.

National flag: It is rectangular with a ratio of length to width of 3:2. From top to bottom, it is formed by connecting three parallel horizontal rectangles of red, white and red. The Austrian national emblem is in the center of the flag. The origin of this flag can be traced back to the Austro-Hungarian Empire. It is said that during the fierce battle between the Duke of Babenberg and the British King Richard I, the Duke’s white uniform was almost all dyed red with blood, leaving only a white mark on the sword. Since then, the Duke’s army has adopted red, white and red as the color of the battle flag. In 1786, King Joseph II used the red, white, and red flag as the army's battle flag, and in 1919 it was officially designated as the Austrian flag. Austrian government agencies, ministers, presidents and other official representatives and government agencies abroad all use the national flag with the national emblem, and generally do not need the national emblem.

Austria is located in the center of Europe and is an important transportation hub in Europe. Austria’s main industrial sectors are mining, steel, machinery manufacturing, petrochemicals, electricity, metal processing, automobile manufacturing, textiles, clothing, paper, food, etc. The mining industry is relatively small. In 2006, Austria's gross national product was 309.346 billion US dollars, and the per capita reached 37,771 US dollars. The steel industry occupies an important position in the national economy. Austria's chemical industry is rich in raw materials, such as wood, oil, natural gas and coal tar, which provide favorable conditions for the development of chemical industry. The main chemical products are cellulose, nitrogen fertilizer and petrochemical products. The machinery manufacturing industry mainly produces complete sets of industrial machinery, such as hydroelectric generators, multi-bit coal shearers, railway road construction machines, wood processing machines and drilling equipment. The automobile industry is another major sector of the Austrian machinery manufacturing industry. Mainly produce trucks, off-road vehicles, tractors, tractors, armored transport vehicles and spare parts. Austria is rich in forest and water resources. Forests account for 42% of the country's land area, with 4 million hectares of forest farms and approximately 990 million cubic meters of timber. The agriculture is developed and the degree of mechanization is high. More than self-sufficient agricultural products. Employees in the service industry account for about 56% of the total labor force. Tourism is the most important service industry. The main tourist destinations are Tyrol, Salzburg, Carinthia and Vienna. Austria's foreign trade occupies an important position in the economy. The main export products are steel, machinery, transportation, chemicals and food. Imports are mainly energy, raw materials and consumer goods. Agriculture is developed.

When it comes to Austria, no one knows its music and opera. Austrian history has produced many world-renowned musicians: Haydn, Mozart, Schubert, Johann Strauss, and Beethoven who was born in Germany but lived in Austria for a long time. In more than two centuries, these masters of music have left a very rich cultural heritage for Austria and formed a unique national cultural tradition. The Salzburg Music Festival in Austria is one of the oldest, highest-level and largest classical music festivals in the world. The annual Vienna New Year's Concert can be described as the most listened concert in the world. Built in 1869, the Royal Opera House (now known as the Vienna State Opera) is one of the most famous opera houses in the world, and the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra is recognized as the world’s premier symphony orchestra.

In addition, Austria has also emerged with world-renowned figures such as the famous psychologist Freud, the famous novelists Zweig and Kafka.

As a well-known European country with cultural traditions, Austria has preserved many historical sites since the Middle Ages. Vienna Schönbrunn Palace, Vienna State Opera, Vienna Concert Hall, etc., are all world-famous tourist attractions .

Vienna: a world-famous city-the Austrian capital Vienna (Vienna) is located in the Vienna Basin at the northern foot of the Alps in northeastern Austria. It is surrounded by mountains on three sides, the Danube River passes through the city, and is surrounded by famous Vienna Woods. The population was 1.563 million (2000). In the first century AD, the Romans built a castle here. In 1137, it was the first city of the Principality of Austria. At the end of the 13th century, with the rise of the Habsburg royal family and rapid development, magnificent Gothic buildings sprung up. After the 15th century, it became the capital of the Holy Roman Empire and the economic center of Europe. In the 18th century, Maria Tielezia was keen on reforms during her reign, attacking church forces, promoting social progress, and at the same time bringing artistic prosperity, making Vienna gradually become the center of European classical music and gained the reputation of "Music City" .

Vienna is known as the "Goddess of the Danube". The environment is beautiful and the scenery is attractive. Ascend to the foothills of the Alps in the west of the city, you can see the undulating "Vienna Forest"; the east of the city faces the Danube Basin, and you can overlook the shining green peaks of the Carpathian Mountains. The broad grass to the north is like a large green tapest, and the sparkling Danube flows through it. The houses are built along the mountain, with multiple buildings connected to each other, with distinct levels. Looking from afar, church buildings of various styles cast an ancient and solemn color on the city with green mountains and clear waters. The streets in the city are in a radial ring shape, 50 meters wide, and the inner city is within the circular avenue lined with trees on both sides. The cobbled streets in the inner city are criss-crossed, with few high-rise buildings, mostly Baroque, Gothic and Romanesque buildings.

The name of Vienna is always connected with music. Many music masters, such as Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, John Strauss and Sons, Gryuk and Brahms, have spent many years in this music career. Haydn's "Emperor Quartet", Mozart's "The Wedding of Figaro", Beethoven's "Symphony of Destiny", "Pastoral Symphony", "Moonlight Sonata", "Heroes Symphony", Schubert's "Swan of the Swan" Famous music such as "Song", "Winter Journey", John Strauss' "Blue Danube" and "The Story of the Vienna Woods" were all born here. Many parks and squares stand with their statues, and many streets, auditoriums, and conference halls are named after these musicians. The former residences and cemeteries of musicians are always for people to visit and pay tribute. Today, Vienna has the world’s most luxurious State Opera, a well-known concert hall and a top-level symphony orchestra. A New Year’s concert is held in the Golden Hall of the Vienna Friends of Music Association on January 1 every year.

In addition to New York and Geneva, Vienna is the third United Nations city. The Austrian International Center, also known as the "United Nations City", built in 1979, is majestic and is the center of many United Nations agencies.

Salzburg: Salzburg (Salzburg) is the capital of the Salzburg state in northwestern Austria, bordering the Salzach River, a tributary of the Danube, and is the transportation, industrial and tourist center of northern Austria. This is the birthplace of the great composer Mozart, known as the "Music and Art Center". Salzburg was established as a city in 1077. It was the residence and activity center of the Catholic Archbishop from the 8th century to the 18th century. Salzburg broke away from religious rule in 1802. In 1809, it was returned to Bavaria in accordance with the Treaty of Schönbrunn, and the Congress of Vienna (1814-1815) decided to return it to Austria.

The architectural art here is comparable to Italy’s Venice and Florence, and is known as "Northern Rome". The city is located on the banks of the Salzach River, nestled among the snow-capped Alpine peaks. The city is surrounded by lush steep mountains, full of charm. Holchen Salzburg (11th century), on the southern slope of the right bank of the river, still stands tall after 900 years of wind and rain. It is the best-preserved and largest medieval castle in Central Europe. The Benedictine Abbey was built at the end of the 7th century and has long been the center of local evangelism. The Franciscan Church was built in 1223. Built in the early 17th century, the cathedral imitating the holy church in Rome was the first Italian-style building in Austria. The Archbishop’s Residence is a Renaissance palace from the 16th to the 18th century. Mirabell Palace was originally a palace built for the Archbishop of Salzburg in the 17th century. It was expanded in the 18th century and is now a tourist center including palaces, churches, gardens, and museums. To the south of the city is the royal garden built in the 17th century, known as the "water game". Under the eaves next to the door of the building in the garden, there are underground water pipes on both sides of the road that spray from time to time, water splashes, rain curtains and fog barriers. Walking into an artificially piled cave in the garden, the gurgling water made the sounds of 26 birdsong, forming a melodious song of birds on the empty mountain. On a stage controlled by a mechanical device, through the action of water, 156 villains reproduced the scene of life in the small town here more than 300 years ago. Walking into Salzburg, Mozart can be seen everywhere. On January 27, 1756, the great composer Mozart was born at 9 Grain Street in the city. In 1917 Mozart's house was turned into a museum.