Mongolia, the full name of Mongolia, covers an area of ​​1.56 million square kilometers. It is an inland country in central Asia and is located on the Mongolian plateau. It borders China on three sides to the east, south and west, and neighbors Siberia in Russia to the north. The western, northern and central parts are mostly mountainous, the eastern part is hilly plains, and the southern part is the Gobi Desert. There are many rivers and lakes in the mountains, the main river is the Selenge River and its tributary Orkhon River. There are more than 3,000 large and small lakes in the territory, with a total area of ​​more than 15,000 square kilometers. It is a typical continental climate. The lowest temperature in winter can reach -40℃, and the highest temperature in summer can reach 35℃.

In addition to the capital, the country is divided into 21 provinces, namely: Houhangai Province, Bayan-Ulgai Province, Bayanhonggar Province, Burgan Province, Gobi Altai Province, East Gobi Province , Eastern Province, Central Gobi Province, Zab Khan Province, Former Hangai Province, South Gobi Province, Sukhbaatar Province, Selenga Province, Central Province, Ubusu Province, Khobdo Province, Kussugu Azerbaijan Province, Kent Province, Orkhon Province, Dar Khan Ul Province and Gobi Sumbel Province.

Mongolia was originally called Outer Mongolia or Khalkha Mongolia. The Mongolian nation has a history of thousands of years. At the beginning of the 13th century, Genghis Khan unified the north and south tribes of the desert and established a unified Mongolian Khanate. The Yuan Dynasty was established in 1279-1368. In December 1911, Mongolian princes declared "autonomy" with the support of Tsarist Russia. Abandoning "autonomy" in 1919. In 1921, Mongolia established a constitutional monarchy. On November 26, 1924, the constitutional monarchy was abolished and the people's republic of mongolia was established. On January 5, 1946, the then Chinese government recognized the independence of Outer Mongolia. In February 1992, it was renamed "Mongolia".

National flag: It is a horizontal rectangle with a ratio of length to width of 2:1. The flag surface is composed of three equal vertical rectangles, with red on both sides and blue in the middle. The red rectangle on the left has yellow fire, sun, moon, rectangle, triangle and yin and yang patterns. The red and blue on the flag are the traditional colors loved by the Mongolian people. Red symbolizes happiness and victory, blue symbolizes loyalty to the motherland, and yellow symbolizes national freedom and independence. The fire, the sun, and the moon signify the prosperity and eternal life of the people from generation to generation; the triangle and rectangle represent the wisdom, integrity and loyalty of the people; the yin and yang patterns symbolize harmony and cooperation; the two vertical rectangles symbolize the country's strong barrier.

The population of Mongolia is 2.504 million. Mongolia is a country of vast and sparsely populated grasslands, with an average population density of 1.5 people per square kilometer. The population is dominated by the Khalkha Mongolian, accounting for about 80% of the country’s population. In addition, there are 15 ethnic minorities including Kazakh, Durbert, Bayat, and Buryat. In the past, about 40% of the population lived in the countryside. Since the 1990s, urban residents have accounted for 80% of the total population, of which residents living in Ulaanbaatar accounted for one-fourth of the country’s total population. The agricultural population is mainly composed of nomads who raise livestock. The main language is Kharkha Mongolian. Residents mainly believe in Lamaism, which is the state religion according to the "State and Temple Relations Law". There are also some residents who believe in the aboriginal yellow religion and Islam.

Mongolia has vast grasslands and rich mineral resources. The Erdent copper-molybdenum mine has been listed as one of the top ten copper-molybdenum mines in the world, ranking first in Asia. The forest area is 18.3 million hectares, the national forest coverage rate is 8.2%, and the timber stock volume is 1.2 billion cubic meters. The water reserves are 6 billion cubic meters. Animal husbandry is a traditional economic sector and the foundation of the national economy. The industry is dominated by light industry, food, mining and fuel power industries. The main tourist spots are the ancient capitals of Har and Lin, Kusugul Lake, Treerji tourist resort, South Gobi, East Gobi and Altai hunting areas. The main export products are copper-molybdenum concentrate, wool, cashmere, leather, carpets and other livestock products; the main imported products are machinery and equipment, fuel oil and daily necessities.