EMongolia Imininingwane Eyisisekelo
| Isikhathi sendawo | Isikhathi sakho |
|---|---|
|
|
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| Izoni yesikhathi yasendaweni | Umehluko wendawo |
| UTC/GMT +8 ihora |
| ububanzi / ubude |
|---|
| 46°51'39"N / 103°50'12"E |
| ukufaka ikhodi kwe-iso |
| MN / MNG |
| imali |
| iTugrik (MNT) |
| Ulimi |
| Khalkha Mongol 90% (official) Turkic Russian (1999) |
| ugesi |
 Thayipha c European 2-pin |
| ifulegi lesizwe |
|---|
 |
| inhlokodolobha |
| Ulan Bator |
| uhlu lwamabhange |
| EMongolia uhlu lwamabhange |
| inani labantu |
| 3,086,918 |
| indawo |
| 1,565,000 KM2 |
| GDP (USD) |
| 11,140,000,000 |
| ifoni |
| 176,700 |
| Umakhalekhukhwini |
| 3,375,000 |
| Inani labasingathi be-Intanethi |
| 20,084 |
| Inani labasebenzisi be-Intanethi |
| 330,000 |
EMongolia isingeniso
|
IMongolia ihlanganisa indawo engamakhilomitha-skwele ayizigidi eziyi-1.5665. Izwe elingenazikhala enkabeni ye-Asia. Itholakala ethafeni laseMongolia. Inqamula iChina ezinhlangothini ezintathu empumalanga, eningizimu nasentshonalanga, nomakhelwane iSiberia eRussia ngasenyakatho. Izingxenye ezisentshonalanga, ezisenyakatho neziphakathi nendawo ikakhulukazi zinezintaba, ingxenye esempumalanga ingamathafa anamagquma, kanti ingxenye eseningizimu iGwadule iGobi. Kunemifula namachibi amaningi ezintabeni, umfula omkhulu ngumfula iSelenge kanye nomfula i-Orkhon. Ichibi laseKusugul lisengxenyeni esenyakatho yeMongolia.Liy echibini elikhulu kunawo wonke eMongolia futhi laziwa njenge "Blue Pearl yaseMpumalanga". IMongolia inesimo sezulu esivamile sezwekazi. I-Mongolia, igama eligcwele leMongolia, lihlanganisa indawo engamakhilomitha-skwele ayizigidi eziyi-1.56. Izwe elisenkabeni ye-Asia emaphakathi futhi lisethafeni eliphakeme laseMongolia. Unqamula iChina ezinhlangothini ezintathu empumalanga, eningizimu nasentshonalanga, nomakhelwane iSiberia eRussia ngasenyakatho. Izingxenye ezisentshonalanga, ezisenyakatho neziphakathi nendawo ikakhulukazi zinezintaba, ingxenye esempumalanga ingamathafa anamagquma, kanti ingxenye eseningizimu iGwadule iGobi. Kunemifula namachibi amaningi ezintabeni, umfula omkhulu ngumfula iSelenge kanye nomfula i-Orkhon. Kunamachibi angaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu namakhulu amancane kule ndawo, anendawo ephelele engaphezu kwamakhilomitha-skwele ayi-15,000. Kuyisimo sezulu esivamile sezwekazi. Izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu ebusika lingafinyelela ku -40 ℃, kanti izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu ehlobo lingafinyelela kuma-35 ℃. Ukwengeza enhlokodolobha, izwe lihlukaniswe izifundazwe ezingama-21, okuyilezi: Isifundazwe saseHouhangai, Isifundazwe saseBayan-Ulgai, Isifundazwe saseBayanhonggar, Isifundazwe saseBurgan, Isifundazwe saseGobi Altai, Isifundazwe sase-East Gobi , Eastern Province, Central Gobi Province, Zabhan Province, Aqabatangai Province, South Gobi Province, Sukhbaatar Province, Selenga Province, Central Province, Ubusu Province, Khobdo Province, Kussugu Isifundazwe sase-Azerbaijan, Isifundazwe saseKent, Isifundazwe sase-Orkhon, Isifundazwe saseDar Khan Ul kanye nesifundazwe saseGobi Sumbel. IMongolia ekuqaleni yayibizwa nge-Outer Mongolia noma iKhalkha Mongolia. Isizwe saseMongolia sinomlando wezinkulungwane zeminyaka. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-13, uGenghis Khan wahlanganisa izizwe zasenyakatho nezaseningizimu zasogwadule futhi wasungula iKhanate yamaMongolia enobunye. Ubukhosi bukaYuan basungulwa ngo-1279-1368. NgoDisemba 1911, izikhulu zaseMongolia zamemezela "ukuzimela" ngokuxhaswa yiTsarist Russia. "Ukuzimela" kwashiywa ngo-1919. Ngo-1921, iMongolia yasungula umbuso wobukhosi. NgoNovemba 26, 1924, ubukhosi bomthethosisekelo baqedwa futhi kwasungulwa i-republic yabantu baseMongolia. NgoJanuwari 5, 1946, uhulumeni wangaleso sikhathi waseChina waqaphela ukuzimela kwe-Outer Mongolia. NgoFebhuwari 1992, yaqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi "iMongolia". Ifulegi likazwelonke: Ngunxande ovundlile onesilinganiso sobude nobubanzi obungu-2: 1. Ubuso befulegi bakhiwe ngamaxande amathathu alinganayo amile, anombala obomvu ezinhlangothini zombili nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka phakathi. Unxande obomvu ngakwesobunxele unomlilo ophuzi, ilanga, inyanga, unxande, unxantathu namaphethini we-yin ne-yang. Okubomvu noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka efulegini yimibala yendabuko ethandwa ngabantu baseMongolia.Ubomvu bukhombisa injabulo nokunqoba, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kufanekisela ukwethembeka ezweni lomama, kanti okuphuzi kufanekisela inkululeko nokuzibusa kwezwe. Umlilo, ilanga nenyanga kufanekisela ukuchuma nokuphila okuphakade kwabantu isizukulwane ngesizukulwane; unxantathu nonxande kumelela ukuhlakanipha, ubuqotho nokwethembeka kwabantu; amaphethini e-yin ne-yang akhombisa ukuzwana nokubambisana; onxande ababili abame mpo bamelela umngcele oqinile wezwe. Inani labantu baseMongolia liyizigidi ezingama-2.504. IMongolia izwe lamathafa amakhulu futhi anabantu abambalwa, enabantu abaphakathi kwabantu abayi-1.5 ngekhilomitha lesikwele. Inani labantu liphethwe yiKhalkha Mongolian, elibala cishe abantu abangama-80% bezwe.Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinhlanga ezincane eziyi-15 ezibandakanya iKazakh, iDurbert, iBayat neBuryat. Esikhathini esedlule, cishe abantu abangama-40% babehlala emaphandleni. Kusukela ngeminyaka yama-1990, izakhamizi zasemadolobheni ziye zabalelwa ku-80% wabantu bonke, lapho izakhamizi ezihlala e-Ulaanbaatar zazinengxenye eyodwa kwezine yenani labantu ezweni. Abantu bezolimo ikakhulukazi bakhiwe yimizulane efuya imfuyo. Ulimi oluyinhloko yiKharkha Mongolian. Izakhamizi ikakhulukazi zikholelwa kuLamaism, okuyinkolo yombuso ngokwe "State and Temple Relations Law". Kukhona nezinye izakhamizi ezikholelwa enkolweni ephuzi yomdabu kanye ne-Islam. IMongolia inamathafa amakhulu otshani nemithombo yamaminerali ecebile.Imayini i-Erdent yethusi-molybdenum ibalwe njengenye yezimayini eziyishumi eziphezulu zethusi-molybdenum emhlabeni, ikleliswe kuqala e-Asia. Indawo yehlathi ingamahektha ayizigidi ezingama-18.3, izinga lokutholakala kwamahlathi kuzwelonke liyi-8.2%, kanti umthamo wokhuni ungama-cubic metres ayi-1.2 billion. Imithombo yamanzi ingama-cubic metres ayi-6 billion. Ukufuya izilwane kungumkhakha wendabuko wezomnotho kanye nesisekelo somnotho wezwe. Le mboni iphethwe izimboni ezikhanyayo, izimboni zokudla, ezezimayini nezikagesi. Izindawo eziyinhloko zabavakashi yizinhloko-dolobha zakudala zaseHar neLin, iKusugul Lake, indawo yezokuvakasha eTreerji, iSouth Gobi, i-East Gobi nezindawo zokuzingela zase-Altai. Imikhiqizo eyinhloko yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe ingxube ye-copper-molybdenum, i-wool, i-cashmere, isikhumba, okhaphethi kanye neminye imikhiqizo yemfuyo, njll.; Imikhiqizo eyinhloko engenisiwe yimishini nemishini, uwoyela kaphethiloli nezidingo zansuku zonke. |