Mongolia, cikakken sunan Mongolia, ya kai fadin murabba'in kilomita miliyan 1.56. Kasa ce ta cikin karkara a tsakiyar Asiya kuma tana kan dutsen Mongolia. Tana iyaka da China ta ɓangarori uku zuwa gabas, kudu da yamma, da makwabta Siberia a Rasha daga arewa. Yammaci, arewa da tsakiyar yanki galibi suna da tsaunuka, ɓangaren gabas filaye ne masu tudu, kuma ɓangaren kudu shine jejin Gobi. Akwai koguna da tabkuna da yawa a cikin tsaunuka, babban kogin shi ne Kogin Selenge da Kogin Orkhon da ke kan iyaka. Akwai manyan tabkuna fiye da 3,000 a cikin yankin, tare da jimillar sama da murabba'in kilomita 15,000. Yanayi ne na yau da kullun. Temperatureananan zafin jiki a cikin hunturu na iya zuwa -40 ℃, kuma mafi yawan zafin jiki a lokacin bazara na iya kaiwa 35 ℃.

Baya ga babban birnin kasar, an kasa kasar zuwa larduna 21, wato: Lardin Houhangai, Lardin Bayan-Ulgai, Lardin Bayanhonger, Lardin Burgan, Lardin Gobi Altai, Lardin Gobi na Gabas. , Lardin Orientale, Lardin Gobi ta Tsakiya, Lardin Zabhan, Lardin Aqabatangai, Lardin Gobi ta Kudu, Lardin Sukhbaatar, Lardin Selenga, Lardin Tsakiya, Lardin Ubusu, Lardin Khobdo, Kussugu Lardin Azerbaijan, Lardin Kent, Lardin Orkhon, Lardin Dar Khan Ul da Lardin Gobi Sumbel.

Mongolia ana kiranta da Mongolia ta waje ko kuma Khalkha Mongolia. Masar Mongolia tana da tarihi na dubunnan shekaru. A farkon karni na 13 miladiyya, Genghis Khan ya hada kabilun arewa da kudu na hamada tare da kafa hadadden Mongolian Khanate. An kafa daular Yuan a shekarar 1279-1368. A cikin Disamba 1911, yariman Mongolia sun ayyana "cin gashin kai" tare da goyon bayan Tsarist Russia. Barin "mulkin kai" a cikin 1919. A cikin 1921, Mongolia ta kafa tsarin mulkin mallaka. A ranar 26 ga Nuwamba, 1924, an kawar da tsarin mulkin mallaka kuma aka kafa jamhuriya ta mongolia. A ranar 5 ga watan Janairun 1946, gwamnatin kasar Sin ta wancan lokacin ta amince da 'yancin kan Mongolia na waje. A watan Fabrairun 1992, aka sake sauya masa suna zuwa "Mongolia".

Tutar kasa: Yana da murabba'i mai kwance wanda ya yi daidai da tsawo zuwa fadi na 2: 1. Filayen tutar ya kunshi madaidaitan rectangeli uku ne masu daidaituwa tare da ja a bangarorin biyu kuma shuɗi a tsakiya. Jan murabba'in murabba'i na gefen hagu yana da wuta mai launin rawaya, rana, wata, murabba'i mai dari, alwatika mai ratsa jiki da yin yang. Ja da shudi a jikin tutar launuka ne na gargajiya waɗanda Mongoliyawa ke so. Ja ja alama ce ta farin ciki da nasara, shuɗi alama ce ta aminci ga ƙasar mahaifiya, launin rawaya kuma alama ce ta 'yanci da' yancin ƙasa. Wuta, rana, da wata suna nuna wadata da rai madawwami na mutane; alwatika da murabba'i mai wakiltar hikima, mutunci da amincin mutane; salon yin da yang yana nuna daidaito da aiki tare; madaidaitan kusurwa biyu a tsaye suna nuna babbar shingen kasar.

Yawan mutanen Mongoliya ya kai miliyan 2.504. Mongolia ƙasa ce mai yawan filaye da filaye, tare da matsakaicin yawan jama'a na mutane 1.5 a kowace murabba'in kilomita. Yawan ya mamaye Khalkha Mongols, wanda ya kai kusan 80% na yawan jama'ar ƙasar. Bugu da ƙari, akwai ƙananan kabilu 15 da suka haɗa da Kazakh, Durbert, Bayat da Buryatia. A da, kusan kashi 40% na yawan mutanen sun rayu ne a ƙauye.Tun daga shekarun 1990, mazauna birane sun ɗauki kashi 80% na yawan jama'ar. Daga cikin su, mazaunan Ulaanbaatar sun kai kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na yawan jama'ar ƙasar. Yawan manoma yawanci makiyaya ne waɗanda ke kiwon dabbobi. Babban yare shine Khakha Mongolian. Mazauna galibi sun yi imani da Lamaism, wanda shine addinin ƙasa bisa ga "Dokar Alaƙar Jiha da Haikali". Hakanan akwai wasu mazauna yankin waɗanda suka yi imani da asalin launin rawaya da Islama.

Mongolia tana da filaye da yawa da albarkatun ma'adinai.An sanya ma'adanan Erdent jan-molybdenum a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan ma'adanai goma-molybdenum mafi girma a duniya, wanda ke kan gaba a Asiya. Yankin gandun daji ya kai hekta miliyan 18.3, yawan dazuzzuka na kasa ya kai 8.2%, kuma girman katako ya kai mita biliyan 1 da biliyan 1. Ruwan ruwa ya kai mita biliyan 6. Kiwon dabbobi yanki ne na tattalin arziki na gargajiya kuma shine tushen tattalin arzikin kasa. Masana'antar ta mamaye masana'antar haske, abinci, ma'adinai da masana'antar wutar lantarki. Babban wuraren yawon bude ido sune tsoffin manyan biranen Har da Lin, Tafkin Kusugul, wurin shakatawa na 'yan yawon bude ido na Treerji, Gobi ta Kudu, Gabashin Gobi da kuma wuraren farautar Altai. Manyan kayayyakin da ake fitarwa sun hada da jan karfe da molybdenum concentrates, ulu, cashmere, fata, katifu da sauran kayayyakin kiwo; manyan kayayyakin da ake shigowa da su sun hada da injuna da kayan aiki, man fetur da bukatun yau da kullun.