Mongolia, dzina lonse la Mongolia, lili ndi makilomita 1.56 miliyoni.Ndi dziko lakumwera kwa Asia ndipo lili m'dera lamapiri la Mongolia. Imadutsa China mbali zitatu kum'mawa, kumwera ndi kumadzulo, komanso oyandikana nawo Siberia ku Russia kumpoto. Madera akumadzulo, kumpoto ndi pakati amakhala amapiri ambiri, gawo lakummawa ndi zigwa za mapiri, ndipo gawo lakumwera ndi chipululu cha Gobi. Pali mitsinje ndi nyanja zambiri m'mapiri, mtsinje waukulu ndi Selenge ndi mtsinje wake Orkhon. Pali nyanja zoposa 3,000 zazikulu ndi zazing'ono m'derali, zokhala ndi malo opitilira 15,000 ma kilomita. Ndi nyengo yanthawi zonse yapadziko lonse. Kutentha kotsika kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira kumatha kufikira -40 ℃, ndipo kutentha kwambiri chilimwe kumatha kufika 35 ℃.

Kuphatikiza pa likulu, dzikolo lagawidwa zigawo 21, zomwe ndi: Chigawo cha Houhangai, Chigawo cha Bayan-Ulgai, Chigawo cha Bayanhonggar, Chigawo cha Burgan, Chigawo cha Gobi Altai, Chigawo cha East Gobi , Eastern Province, Central Gobi Province, Zabhan Province, Aqabatangai Province, South Gobi Province, Sukhbaatar Province, Selenga Province, Central Province, Ubusu Province, Khobdo Province, Kussugu Azerbaijan, Kent, Orkhon, Dar Khan Ul, ndi zigawo za Gobi Sumbel.

Dziko la Mongolia linkatchedwa Outer Mongolia kapena Khalkha Mongolia. Mtundu waku Mongolia uli ndi mbiri ya zaka masauzande. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 13 AD, Genghis Khan adagwirizanitsa mafuko akumpoto ndi akummwera a chipululu ndikukhazikitsa mgwirizano wa Mongolian Khanate. Mzera wa Yuan unakhazikitsidwa mu 1279-1368. Mu Disembala 1911, akalonga aku Mongolia adalengeza "kudziyimira pawokha" mothandizidwa ndi Tsarist Russia. Kusiya "kudziyimira pawokha" mu 1919. Mu 1921, Mongolia idakhazikitsa ulamuliro wachifumu. Pa Novembala 26, 1924, ulamuliro wamalamulo udathetsedwa ndipo Republic of mongolia idakhazikitsidwa. Pa Januware 5, 1946, boma la China panthawiyo lidazindikira ufulu wa Outer Mongolia. Mu February 1992, adadzatchedwa "Mongolia".

Mbendera yadziko lonse: Ndi yopingasa yopingasa yokhala ndi kutalika kwa kutalika kwake kwa 2: 1. Pamwamba pa mbendera ili ndi mapangidwe atatu ofanana ofanana, ofiira mbali zonse ziwiri ndi buluu pakati. Makona ofiira kumanzere ali ndi moto wachikaso, dzuwa, mwezi, makona anayi, makona atatu ndi mawonekedwe a yin ndi yang. Kufiyira ndi buluu komwe kuli mbendera ndi mitundu yachikhalidwe yomwe anthu aku Mongolia amakonda. Kufiyira kumayimira chisangalalo ndi kupambana, buluu amatanthauza kukhulupirika kudziko la amayi, ndipo chikaso chikuyimira ufulu komanso kudziyimira pawokha. Moto, dzuwa, ndi mwezi zikuyimira kutukuka ndi moyo wamuyaya wa anthu ku mibadwomibadwo; kachilomboka ndi kachulukidwe kamaimira nzeru, kukhulupirika ndi kukhulupirika kwa anthu; mawonekedwe a yin ndi yang akuimira mgwirizano ndi mgwirizano; magulu awiri owongokawo akuimira malire olimba mdzikolo.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ku Mongolia ndi 2.504 miliyoni. Mongolia ndi dziko lamadambo ambiri komanso ochepa, okhala ndi anthu pafupifupi 1.5 pa kilomita lalikulu. Chiwerengerochi chimayang'aniridwa ndi a Khalkha Mongolian, omwe amawerengera pafupifupi 80% ya anthu mdzikolo. Kuphatikiza apo, pali mitundu ing'onoing'ono ya 15 kuphatikiza Kazakh, Durbert, Bayat, ndi Buryat. M'mbuyomu, pafupifupi 40% ya anthu amakhala kumidzi. Kuyambira zaka za 1990, okhala m'matauni amakhala ndi 80% ya anthu onse. Pakati pawo, okhala ku Ulaanbaatar amatenga gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a anthu onse mdzikolo. Anthu alimi makamaka amakhala oyendayenda omwe amaweta ziweto. Chilankhulo chachikulu ndi Kharkha Mongolian. Nzika zimakhulupirira kwambiri Lamaism, chomwe ndi chipembedzo chaboma malinga ndi "State and Temple Relations Law". Palinso okhalamo ena omwe amakhulupirira zachipembedzo chachikasu chachikhalidwe komanso Chisilamu.

Mongolia ili ndi malo odyetserako udzu komanso mchere wambiri. Mgodi wa Erdent copper-molybdenum udatchulidwa kuti ndi umodzi mwamigodi khumi yapamwamba kwambiri yamkuwa-molybdenum padziko lapansi, woyamba pa Asia. Dera la nkhalango ndi mahekitala 18.3 miliyoni, kuchuluka kwa nkhalango mdziko lonse ndi 8.2%, ndipo matabwa ake ndi ma cubic mita 1.2 biliyoni. Malo osungira madzi ndi ma cubic metres 6 biliyoni. Kuweta ziweto ndi gawo lazachuma komanso maziko a chuma cha dziko. Makampaniwa amalamulidwa ndi mafakitale opepuka, chakudya, migodi ndi mafakitale opanga magetsi. Malo omwe alendo amapitako ndi likulu lakale la Har ndi Lin, Kusugul Lake, Treerji alendo, South Gobi, East Gobi ndi malo osaka a Altai. Zogulitsa zazikuluzikulu ndi mkuwa wa molybdenum concentrate, ubweya, cashmere, zikopa, ma carpets ndi zinthu zina zanyama, ndi zina zotero; zinthu zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja ndimakina ndi zida, mafuta amafuta ndi zosowa zatsiku ndi tsiku.