Nigeria ili ndi malo opitilira 920,000 ma kilomita lalikulu.Ili kumwera chakum'mawa kwa West Africa, m'malire ndi Gulf of Guinea ku Atlantic Ocean kumwera, malire ndi Benin kumadzulo, Niger kumpoto, Chad kumpoto chakum'mawa kudutsa Lake Chad, ndi Cameroon kum'mawa ndi kumwera chakum'mawa. Mphepete mwa nyanja ndi makilomita 800 kutalika kwake ndi kumpoto komanso kumwera chakumwera: mapiri otsika kumwera, Chigwa cha Niger-Benue pakati, Mapiri a Hausalan kumpoto kuposa gawo limodzi la magawo anayi a dzikolo, mapiri kum'mawa, ndi Soko kumpoto chakumadzulo ndi kumpoto chakum'mawa. Tor Basin ndi Nyanja ya Chad Lake West Basin. Pali mitsinje yambiri, Mtsinje wa Niger ndi mtsinje wake wa Benue ndi mitsinje yayikulu.

Zowonongeka

Nigeria, dzina lonse la Federal Republic of Nigeria, ili ndi makilomita 920,000. Nepal ili kumwera chakum'mawa kwa West Africa, kumwera kwa Atlantic Ocean ndi Gulf of Guinea. Imadutsa Benin kumadzulo, Niger kumpoto, Chad kumpoto chakum'mawa kudutsa Nyanja ya Chad, ndi Cameroon kum'mawa ndi kumwera chakum'mawa. Mphepete mwa nyanja ndi makilomita 800 kutalika. Malowa ndi okwera kumpoto komanso otsika kumwera. Nyanjayi ndi chigwa chooneka ngati lamba chotalika pafupifupi makilomita 80; kum'mwera kuli mapiri otsika ndipo madera ambiri amakhala 200-500 mita kumtunda kwa nyanja; pakati ndi Niger-Benue Valley; kumpoto kwa Hausalan Heights kumapitilira dera ladziko ndi kotala, lokwera pafupifupi Mamita 900; malire akum'mawa ali ndi mapiri, kumpoto chakumadzulo ndi kumpoto chakum'mawa ndi Sokoto Basin ndi Lake Chad West Basin motsatana. Pali mitsinje yambiri, Mtsinje wa Niger ndi mtsinje wake wa Benue ndi mitsinje yayikulu, ndipo Mtsinje wa Niger ndi wautali makilomita 1,400 m'derali. Ili ndi nyengo yamvula yam'malo otentha ndi kutentha komanso mvula. Chaka chonse imagawidwa nyengo ya chilimwe ndi nyengo yamvula. Kutentha kwapakati pachaka kumakhala 26 ～ 27 ℃.

Federalism imayendetsedwa. Pali magawo atatu aboma: feduro, boma komanso dera. Mu Okutobala 1996, dera loyang'anira lidagawidwanso, ndipo dzikolo linagawidwa 1 Federal Capital Region, zigawo 36, ndi maboma 774.

Nigeria ndi chitukuko chakale chaku Africa.Chidali ndi chikhalidwe chopitilira zaka zikwi ziwiri zapitazo. Zikhalidwe zodziwika bwino za Nok, Ife ndi Benin zimapangitsa Nigeria kusangalala ndi mbiri ya Africa "Cradle of Culture". M'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chitatu AD, fuko la Zaghawa osamukasamuka linakhazikitsa ufumu wa Kanem-Bornu mozungulira Nyanja ya Chad. Kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 14 mpaka 16th, Ufumu wa Songhai udakula. Portugal inagonjetsedwa mu 1472. Anthu aku Britain adalanda pakati pa zaka za zana la 16th. Adakhala dziko la Britain ku 1914 ndipo amatchedwa "Nigeria Colony and Protectorate". Mu 1947, Britain idavomereza malamulo atsopano aku Nigeria ndikukhazikitsa boma. Mu 1954, Federation of Nigeria idapeza ufulu wodziyimira pawokha. Inalengeza ufulu pa Okutobala 1, 1960 ndikukhala membala wa Commonwealth. Federal Republic of Nigeria idakhazikitsidwa pa Okutobala 1, 1963.

Mbendera yadziko: Ndi kachulukidwe kopingasa kokhala ndi kutalika kwa kutalika mpaka 2: 1. Pamwamba pa mbendera pamakhala timakona tating'onoting'ono tofananira tating'ono tating'ono mbali zonse ziwiri komanso zoyera pakati. Chobiriwira chimayimira ulimi, ndipo zoyera zikuyimira mtendere ndi umodzi.

Nigeria ndi dziko lokhala ndi anthu ambiri ku Africa, komwe kuli anthu 140 miliyoni (2006). Pali mitundu yopitilira 250 mdziko muno, yomwe mafuko ake akulu ndi a Hausa-Fulani kumpoto, Ayoruba kumwera chakumadzulo ndi Igbo kum'mawa. Ziyankhulo zazikulu zaku Nepal ndi Chihausa, Chiyoruba ndi Chiigbo, ndipo Chingerezi ndiye chilankhulo chawo. Mwa okhalamo, 50% amakhulupirira Chisilamu, 40% mu Chikhristu, ndipo 10% mwa ena.

Nigeria ndiye nambala wani woyamba kupanga mafuta ku Africa komanso wachisanu padziko lonse lapansi wopanga mafuta komanso ndi membala wa Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). Malo osungira mafuta aku Nigeria akuwonetsedwa ndi migolo 35.2 biliyoni ndipo tsiku lililonse amatulutsa migolo 2.5 miliyoni yamafuta osakonzeka. Nigeria inali dziko laulimi m'masiku oyambilira a ufulu wodzilamulira.Mu ma 1970, bizinesi yamafuta idakwera ndikukhala nsanamira yazachuma mdziko lonse. Pakadali pano, phindu lomwe limapangidwa ndi mafakitale amafuta ndi 20% mpaka 30% yazachuma chonse ku Nigeria. 95% ya ndalama zakunja zaku Nigeria ndi 80% ya ndalama zaboma zomwe amachokera ku mafakitale a mafuta. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kuchuluka kwakunja kwa mafuta ku Nigeria kwapitilira madola 10 biliyoni aku US. Nigeria ilinso ndi gasi wambiri komanso chuma chamakala. Malo osungidwa a gasi achilengedwe aku Nigeria amafika pa 5 trilioni cubic metres, omwe ndi ena mwapamwamba kwambiri padziko lapansi. Nigeria ili ndi nkhokwe za malasha pafupifupi matani 2.75 biliyoni ndipo ndi dziko lokhalo lopanga malasha ku West Africa.

Makampani opanga ku Nigeria ndi nsalu, msonkhano wamagalimoto, kukonza nkhuni, simenti, chakumwa ndi kukonza chakudya, makamaka ku Lagos ndi madera ozungulira. Zomangamanga zikuwonongeka kwanthawi yayitali, luso laukadaulo ndilotsika, ndipo zinthu zambiri zamakampani zimadalirabe zogulitsa kunja. Agriculture ndi 40% ya GDP. 70% ya anthu ogwira ntchito mdziko muno akuchita nawo zaulimi. Madera akuluakulu opangira zaulimi akhazikika kumpoto. Njira zaulimi zikadalirabe pazachuma chazing'onozing'ono.Njere sizingakhale zodzidalira, ndipo zochuluka zogulitsa kunja zikufunikanso chaka chilichonse.

Mizinda ikulu

Abuja: Likulu la Nigeria, Abuja (Abuja) lili m'chigawo cha Niger Dera ndi malo omwe mafuko ang'onoang'ono a anthu a Gwari amakhala limodzi. Ndi mphambano ya zigawo za Niger, Kaduna, Plateau ndi Kvara. Ili pamtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi 500 kuchokera ku Lagos ndipo ndi likulu la dzikolo. Ili kumpoto chakumadzulo chakumadzulo kwa Central Plateau, dera lamapiri otentha, okhala ndi anthu ochepa, mpweya wabwino komanso malo owoneka bwino.

Mu 1975, boma lankhondo la Muhammad lidapereka lingaliro lakumanga likulu latsopano. Mu Okutobala 1979, boma la Sakari Civil Government lidavomereza mwalamulo mapulani a likulu latsopano, Abuja, ndikuyamba gawo loyamba la zomangamanga. Anasamukira ku Lagos mu Disembala 1991. Chiwerengero cha anthu pafupifupi 400,000 (2001).

Lagos: Lagos (lagos) ndiye likulu lakale la Federal Republic of Nigeria. Ndi mzinda wapadoko makamaka wopangidwa ndi zilumba ndipo umapangidwa ndi pakamwa pa Mtsinje wa Ogun. Ili ndi Chilumba cha Lagos, Chilumba cha Ikoyi, Chilumba cha Victoria ndi mainland.Ili ndi malo pafupifupi makilomita 43. Anthu okhala mumzinda waukulu ndi 4 miliyoni, pomwe anthu okhala m'mizinda ndi 1.44 miliyoni.

Anthu oyamba kubwera ku Lagos anali Achiyoruba ochokera ku Nigeria, ndipo pambuyo pake adasamutsa ena aku Benin. Atabwera kuno, adakhazikitsa malo osavuta ndikulima ndikubzala.Choncho, dzina loyambirira la Lagos linali "Eco" kapena "Youco", lomwe limatanthauza "msasa wokhalamo", womwe umagwiritsidwanso ntchito mchilankhulo cha Chiyoruba. Amatanthauza "famu". Pamene sitima zamalonda zaku Portugal zidapita kumwera kumka ku Lagos m'mbali mwa gombe la West Africa m'zaka za zana la 15, panali kale matauni ang'onoang'ono pachilumbacho. Adatsegula ngati doko ndikuutcha "Lago de Gulamo"; pambuyo pake, adawutcha "Lagos".

Lagos si likulu la Nigeria lokha, komanso likulu la mafakitale ndi malonda mdzikolo. Makampani ambiri ang'onoang'ono, apakatikati ndi akulu amakhala pano, kuphatikiza mphero zazikulu zamafuta, malo osungira koko, nsalu, zopangira mankhwala, zomangamanga, kukonza magalimoto, zida zachitsulo, kupanga mapepala, kudula matabwa ndi mafakitale ena. Dera lalikulu kwambiri lazamalonda lili pachilumba cha Lagos, pomwe pali zokopa alendo, inshuwaransi ndi mafakitale osindikiza. Lagos ndi gawo lokhazikika lazikhalidwe komanso maphunziro adziko.Pali mayunivesite aku Lagos, malaibulale, malo owonetsera zakale ndi zina zikhalidwe.