Nigeria inovhara nzvimbo inodarika makiromita mazana mapfumbamwe nemazana masere emakiromita. Iri munzvimbo yekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweWest Africa, yakapoteredzwa neGulf yeGuinea muAtlantic Ocean kumaodzanyemba, miganhu neBenin kumadokero, Niger kuchamhembe, Chad kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kuyambuka Lake Chad, uye Cameroon kumabvazuva nekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva. Mahombekombe akareba makiromita mazana masere uye nzvimbo yacho iri kumusoro kuchamhembe uye yakadzika kumaodzanyemba: makomo akaderera kumaodzanyemba, Niger-Benue Valley pakati, Hausalan Heights kuchamhembe inopfuura 1/4 yenzvimbo yenyika, makomo kumabvazuva, uye Soko kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero nekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva. Iyo Tor Basin uye iyo West Basin yeLake Chad. Kune nzizi zhinji, rwizi Niger uye rwizi rwayo rweBenue rwizi ndidzo nzizi huru.

Ongororo

Nigeria, izere zita reFederal Republic yeNigeria, inovhara nharaunda yemakiromita mazana masere mazana mapfumbamwe nemazana masere. Nepal iri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweWest Africa, kumaodzanyemba kweAtlantic Ocean uye Gulf yeGuinea. Inogumira Benin kumadokero, Niger kuchamhembe, Chad kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kuyambuka Lake Chad, uye Cameroon kumabvazuva nekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva. Mahombekombe akareba makiromita mazana masere. Nzvimbo yacho yakakwira kuchamhembe uye yakadzika kumaodzanyemba. Iwo mahombekombe ibani rakaumbwa-bhandi riine upamhi hwemakiromita makumi masere; kumaodzanyemba makomo akaderera uye nzvimbo zhinji iri 200-500 metres pamusoro pegungwa; yepakati iri Niger-Benue Valley; kuchamhembe kweHausalan Heights inodarika nzvimbo yenyika nekota, iine avhareji yekukwira 900 metres; muganho wekumabvazuva une makomo, kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero uye kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva iSokoto Basin neLake Chad West Basin zvichiteerana. Kune nzizi zhinji, rwizi Niger uye rwizi rwayo rweBenue rwizi ndidzo nzizi huru, uye rwizi rweNiger rwakareba makiromita chiuru nemazana mana mudunhu iri. Iine mamiriro ekunze emamiriro ekunze ane tembiricha yakakwira uye kunaya. Gore rese rakakamurwa kuita mwaka wakaoma uye mwaka wemvura. Iyo yepakati tembiricha yepakati ndeye 26 ～ 27 ℃.

Federalism inoitwa. Kune matatu matanho ehurumende: federal, nyika uye yemuno. Muna Gumiguru 1996, nzvimbo yekutonga yakakamuraniswazve, uye nyika yakakamurwa kuita 1 Federal Capital Dunhu, makumi matatu nematatu, uye mazana manomwe nemakumi manomwe ehurumende.

Naijeriya ibudiriro yekare yeAfrica.Iye yaive neyakajairika tsika makore anopfuura zviuru zviviri apfuura. Tsika dzakakurumbira dzeNok, Ife neBenin dzinoita kuti Nigeria inakidzwe nemukurumbira weAfrica "Cradle of Culture". Muzana ramakore rechisere AD, dzinza reZaghawa dzinofamba-famba rakamisa humambo hweKanem-Bornu hwakatenderedza Lake Chad. Kubva muzana ramakore regumi nemana kusvika regumi nenhanhatu, Humambo hweHongai hwakabudirira. Portugal yakapinda muna 1472. VaBritish vakapinda pakati pezana ramakore regumi nematanhatu. Yakava nyika yeBritish muna1914 uye yakadaidzwa kuti "Nigeria Colony uye Protectorate". Muna 1947, Britain yakabvumidza bumbiro idzva reNigeria ndokusimbisa hurumende yemubatanidzwa. Muna 1954, iyo Federation yeNigeria yakawana kuzvitonga kwemukati. Yakazivisa rusununguko muna Gumiguru 1, 1960 uye ikave nhengo yeCommonwealth. Iyo Federal Republic yeNigeria yakavambwa muna Gumiguru 1, 1963.

Mureza wenyika: Iyo yakatenderera yakatenderera ine chiyero chehurefu kusvika paupamhi hwe2: 1. Iyo mureza pamusoro inoumbwa nematatu akaenzana uye akaenzana akatwasuka marangi ane girini kumativi ese maviri uye machena pakati. Green inomiririra kurima, uye chena inomiririra rugare nekubatana.

Naijeriya ndiyo nyika ine vanhu vazhinji muAfrica, ine huwandu hwemamiriyoni zana nemakumi mana (2006). Kune anopfuura madzinza mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu munyika, pakati pemadzinza makuru maHausa-Fulani kuchamhembe, maYoruba kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero uye maIgbo kumabvazuva. Mitauro mikuru yenyika yeNepal chiHausa, Yoruba uye Igbo, uye Chirungu ndiwo mutauro wepamutemo. Pakati pevagari vemo, 50% vanotenda muIslam, 40% muchiKristu, uye 10% kune vamwe.

Naijeriya ndiye mugadziri wekutanga muoiri muAfrica uye wechigumi mugadziri wemafuta munyika.Iye zvakare nhengo yeOrganisation yePetroleum Exporting Nyika (OPEC). Nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa dzemafuta dzeNigeria dzine 35.2 mabhiriyoni emabhiramu uye kuburitswa kwezuva nezuva kwemazana maviri nemazana maviri emabhiramu emafuta asina kuchena. Nigeria yaive nyika yekurima mumazuva ekutanga erusununguko.Muma1970, indasitiri yepeturu yakasimuka ikava indasitiri yembiru yehupfumi hwayo hwenyika. Parizvino, huwandu hwehuwandu hweindasitiri yepeturu huita makumi maviri kubva muzana kusvika makumi matatu muzana eGDP yeNigeria.95% yemari yekuchinjana yekuNigeria uye 80% yemari yehurumende yemubatanidzwa inobva muindasitiri yepeturu. Mumakore achangopfuura, huwandu hwegore rose hwekutengesa mafuta eNigerian hwapfuura mabhiriyoni gumi emadhora ekuAmerica. Naijeriya yakapfumawo negasi uye zviwanikwa zvemarasha. Zvivigiro zvegasi zvakasarudzika zveNigeria zvinosvika kumamirioni mashanu emamirioni emamicubic, zvichisarudzika pakati pepamusoro pasi. Nigeria ine matura emarasha angangoita matani 2.75 mabhiriyoni uye ndiyo yega nyika inogadzira marasha muWest Africa.

Maindasitiri makuru ekugadzira muNigeria machira, gungano remotokari, kugadzira huni, simende, chinwiwa uye kugadzira chikafu, zvakanyanya zvakanangana muLagos nenzvimbo dzayo dzakatenderedza. Zvivakwa zvacho hazvina kugadzikana kwenguva yakareba, hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi hwakaderera, uye zvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvemaindasitiri zvichiri kuvimba nekutenga zvinhu kunze kwenyika. Zvekurima zvine 40% yeGDP. 70% yevashandi vari munyika vari kuita zvekurima. Nzvimbo huru dzekurima dzekurima dzakatenderedzwa mudunhu rekuchamhembe. Maitiro ekurima kwekurima achiri pamusoro pevashoma-varombo hupfumi.Zviyo hazvigone kuzviriritira, uye huwandu hwakawanda hwekupinza zvichiri kudikanwa gore rega rega.

Maguta makuru

Abuja: Guta guru reNigeria, Abuja (Abuja) iri muNiger State Iyo nharaunda inzvimbo inogara madzinza madiki evaGwari vanogara pamwe chete.Ndiyo mharadzano yeNiger, Kaduna, Plateau neKvara nyika.Iiri chinhambwe chemakiromita mazana mashanu kubva kuLagos uye iri nzvimbo yepakati penyika. Inowanikwa kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kumucheto kweCentral Plateau, nzvimbo inotonhorera yemakomo, ine vanhu vashoma, mhepo yakachena uye nzvimbo dzinoyevedza.

Muna 1975, hurumende yemasoja yaMuhammad yakapa chikumbiro chekuvaka guta idzva. Muna Gumiguru 1979, iyo Sakali Civil Service yakabvumidza zviri pamutemo chirongwa cheguta idzva, Abuja, ndokutanga chikamu chekutanga chekuvaka. Yakatamisirwa mukati kubva kuLagos muna Zvita 1991. Huwandu hwevanhu hunosvika mazana mana ezviuru (2001).

Lagos: Lagos (lagos) ndiro guta rekare reFederal Republic yeNigeria.Iguta rechiteshi rinonyanya kuve nezvitsuwa uye rinoumbwa nemuromo weRwizi Ogun. Inosanganisira Lagos Island, Ikoyi Island, Victoria Island uye mainland.Inotora nzvimbo inosvika makiromita 43. Vagari veguta rakakura vane mamirioni mana, ayo vagari vemumadhorobha vari 1.44 mamirioni.

Vagari vekutanga vakauya kuLagos vaive maYoruba kubva kuNigeria, uye vakazo fambisa vamwe veBenin. Mushure mekunge vauya pano, vakagadzira mashedhi akareruka uye vakaita kurima nekusima.Saka, zita rekutanga reLagos raive "Eco" kana "Youco", zvinoreva kuti "musasa musasa", iro rinoshandiswa zvakare mumutauro weYoruba. Zvinoreva "purazi". Ngarava dzevatengesi dzechiPutukezi padzakaenda kumaodzanyemba kuLagos pamwe nemahombekombe eWest Africa muzana ramakore rechi15, pakanga patove nemataundi madiki pachitsuwa ichi. Vakaivhura sechiteshi ndokuidaidza "Lago de Gulamo"; gare gare, vakaidaidza kuti "Lagos". MuchiPutukezi, "Lagos" zvinoreva "dziva remvura yemunyu".

Lagos harisi iro chete guta guru reNigeria, asiwo nzvimbo hombe yenyika maindasitiri nekutengeserana. Mazhinji maindasitiri madiki, epakati nepakakura akaunganidzwa pano, anosanganisira makona makuru eoiri, cocoa yekugadzirisa nzvimbo, machira, zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari, kuvaka ngarava, kugadzirisa mota, maturusi esimbi, kugadzira mapepa, kucheka matanda uye mamwe mafekitori. Nzvimbo huru yekutengesa iri kuLagos Island, uko kune zvekushanya, inishuwarenzi uye maindasitiri ekudhinda. Lagos zvakare inzvimbo yakatarwa yetsika nedzidzo yenyika.Kune maLagos mayunivhesiti, maraibhurari, mamuseum uye zvimwe zvivakwa zvetsika.