Poland, dzina lonse la Republic of Poland, ili ndi malo opitilira 310,000 ma kilomita. Ili kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Central Europe, m'malire ndi Nyanja ya Baltic kumpoto, Germany kumadzulo, Czechia ndi Slovakia kumwera, ndi Belarus ndi Ukraine kumpoto chakum'mawa ndi kumwera chakum'mawa. Mphepete mwa nyanja ndi makilomita 528 kutalika. Malowa ndi otsika kumpoto komanso okwera kumwera, okhala ndi gawo lapakati la concave. Zigwa zomwe zili pansi pa 200 mita kumtunda kwa nyanja zikuwerengera pafupifupi 72% yamalo mdzikolo. Mapiri akuluakulu ndi mapiri a Carpathian ndi mapiri a Sudeten. Mitsinje ikuluikulu ndi Vistula (makilomita 1047 kutalika) ndi Oder (makilomita 742 kutalika ku Poland). Nyanja yayikulu kwambiri ndi Nyanja ya Hinaardvi, yomwe ili ndi ma kilomita lalikulu 109.7. Dera lonseli ndi la nyengo yotentha yamitengo yayitali yosinthasintha kuchokera kunyanja kupita kunyanja.

Mu Julayi 1998, Nyumba Yoyimira ku Poland idapereka chigamulo chosintha zigawo 49 mdziko lonselo kukhala zigawo 16, komanso nthawi yomweyo kukhazikitsanso dongosolo la zigawo, kuchokera ku zigawo zomwe zilipo tsopano ndi matauni mpaka zigawo, zigawo, Tawuniyi yomwe ili ndi magawo atatu ili ndi zigawo 16, zigawo 308, ndi matauni 2489.

Dziko laku Poland lidachokera kumgwirizano wamitundu ya Poland, Wisla, Silesia, Eastern Pomerania, ndi Mazovia pakati pa Asilavo Akumadzulo. Zaka zana zapitazo zidayamba bwino kwambiri ndipo zidayamba kutsika kumapeto kwachiwiri kwa zaka za zana la 18. Idagawika katatu ndi Tsarist Russia, Prussia, ndi Austro-Hungary katatu. M'zaka za zana la 19, anthu aku Poland adapanga zigawenga zingapo zankhondo kuti alandire ufulu. Kudziyimira pawokha kunabwezeretsedwanso pa Novembala 11, 1918, ndipo Republic of bourgeois idakhazikitsidwa. Mu Seputembala 1939, Germany Yachifasizimu idalanda Poland, ndipo nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse idayambika, ndipo asitikali aku Germany aku Nazi alanda dziko lonse la Poland. Mu Julayi 1944, Asitikali aku Soviet and Polish Army omwe adapangidwa ku Soviet Union adalowa ku Poland.Pa 22, a National Liberation Committee yaku Poland adalengeza zakubadwa kwa dziko latsopano la Poland. Mu Epulo 1989, Nyumba Yamalamulo yaku Poland idakhazikitsa kusintha kwamalamulo kutsimikizira kuvomerezeka kwa Solidarity Trade Union ndikuganiza zokhazikitsa dongosolo la purezidenti ndi demokalase yanyumba yamalamulo. People's Republic of Poland idasinthidwa kukhala Republic of Poland pa Disembala 29, 1989.

Mbendera yadziko: Ndi kachulukidwe kopingasa kokhala ndi kutalika kwa kutalika kwake m'lifupi pafupifupi 8: 5. Pamwamba pa mbendera pamapangidwa zigawo ziwiri zofananira ndi zofananira zopingasa kumbali yoyera ndi mbali yofiira. White sikuti imangoyimira chiwombankhanga choyera mu nthano zakale, komanso chikuyimira chiyero, kuwonetsa chikhumbo cha anthu aku Poland cha ufulu, mtendere, demokalase, ndi chisangalalo; kufiyira kukuyimira magazi ndi chigonjetso pankhondo yosintha.

Poland ili ndi anthu 38.157 miliyoni (Disembala 2005). Mwa iwo, nzika zaku Poland zidalemba 98%, kuphatikiza aku Ukraine, Belarusian, Lithuanian, Russian, Germany ndi Jewish ochepa. Chilankhulo chachikulu ndi Chipolishi. Pafupifupi 90% ya okhala mdzikolo amakhulupirira Mulungu wachiroma.

Poland ili ndi chuma chambiri, mchere wambiri ndi malasha, sulfure, mkuwa, zinc, lead, aluminium, siliva ndi zina zambiri. Malo osungira malasha olimba mu 2000 anali matani 45.362 biliyoni, lignite 13.984 biliyoni, sulfure matani 504 miliyoni, ndi mkuwa matani 2.485 biliyoni. Amber ali ndi nkhokwe zambiri, zamtengo wapatali pafupifupi madola 100 biliyoni aku US. Ndiwopanga wamkulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndipo ali ndi mbiri yakupanga amber zaka mazana ambiri. Makampaniwa amalamulidwa ndi migodi yamakala, kupanga makina, kupanga zombo, magalimoto ndi chitsulo. Mu 2001, panali mahekitala 18.39 miliyoni a nthaka. Mu 2001, anthu akumidzi anali 38.3% ya anthu onse. Chiwerengero cha ntchito zaulimi ndi 28.3% pantchito yonse. Poland ndi amodzi mwa mayiko khumi oyendera alendo padziko lapansi. Nyengo yosangalatsa ya doko la Baltic Sea, mapiri okongola a Carpathian, ndi Mgodi Wamchere wanzeru wa Wieliczka zimakopa alendo ambiri chaka chilichonse. Anthu pano amadziwa kuti nkhalango ndiye protagonist yoteteza chilengedwe, chifukwa chake amakonda nkhalango ngati moyo. Poland ili ndi nkhalango yopitilira mahekitala opitilira 8.89 miliyoni, yomwe imakhudza nkhalango pafupifupi 30%. Anthu omwe abwera kumene ku Poland nthawi zambiri amakhala oledzera ndi ndakatulo komanso zobiriwira. Ntchito zokopa alendo zakhala gwero lalikulu la ndalama zakunja zakunja zaku Poland.

Warsaw: Likulu la dziko la Poland, Warsaw (Warsaw) lili m'chigwa chapakati ku Poland. Mtsinje wa Vistula umadutsa mumzindawu kuchokera kumwera mpaka kumpoto. Ili ndi malo otsika, nyengo yabwino, mvula yapakatikati, komanso mvula yapachaka ya mamilimita 500. Ndi malo a nsomba ndi mpunga ku Poland. Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi 1.7 miliyoni (Disembala 2005) ndipo malowa ndi 485.3 ma kilomita. Mzinda wakale wa Warsaw udamangidwa koyamba m'zaka za zana la 13 ngati mzinda wakale ku Vistula River. Mu 1596, King Zygmunt Vasa III waku Poland adasamutsa mfumu ndi boma kuchokera ku Krakow kupita ku Warsaw, ndipo Warsaw idakhala likulu. Idawonongeka kwambiri pankhondo yaku Sweden kuyambira 1655 mpaka 1657, ndipo idalowetsedwa ndikugawika mobwerezabwereza ndi mayiko amphamvu. Poland itabwezeretsedwanso mu 1918, idasankhidwanso kuti likulu. Pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, mzindawu udawonongeka kwambiri ndipo 85% ya nyumbazo zidawonongedwa ndi bomba.

Warsaw ndi likulu lazandale, zachuma, komanso chikhalidwe ku Poland.Mafakitale ake amaphatikizapo chitsulo, makina opanga (makina olondola, ma lathes, ndi zina zambiri), magalimoto, magalimoto, mankhwala, chemistry, nsalu, ndi zina zambiri, zamagetsi, zamagetsi, Zakudya. Makampani opanga zokopa alendo amapangidwa, ndi zokopa alendo 172 ndi njira 12 zoyendera. Mumzindawu muli makoleji ndi mayunivesite 14. Yunivesite ya Warsaw yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mchaka cha 19th imadziwika chifukwa chopeza mabuku ambiri. Palinso munda wamaluwa komanso malo azanyengo pasukulupo. Kuphatikiza apo, pali Polish Academy of Science, Opera House, Concert Hall ndi "10th Anniversary Stadium" yomwe imatha kukhala ndi owonera pafupifupi 100,000 m'mizinda.

Dziko la Poland litamasulidwa ku 1945, boma lidamanganso mzinda wakale momwe zidalili ku Warsaw, ndikukhalabe ndi mawonekedwe akale komanso mawonekedwe ake, ndikukulitsa madera akumatauni. Gombe lakumadzulo kwa Vistula ndi mzinda wakale, wozunguliridwa ndi makoma ofiira amitengo ofiira am'zaka za zana la 13 ndi makoma akunja azaka za zana la 14, atazunguliridwa ndi nyumba zakale. Pano pali nyumba zokongola komanso zazikulu zofiira mu Middle Ages, nyumba yachifumu yakale yotchedwa "Chipolopolo Chachikhalidwe Chaku Poland" - nyumba yachifumu yakale, ndi nyumba zambiri zakale zaku Middle Ages ndi Renaissance. Krasinski Palace ndiye nyumba yokongola kwambiri ku Baroque ku Warsaw.Lazienki Palace ndichipangidwe chodziwika bwino chazolowera ku Poland.Pali nyumba zina monga Church of the Holy Cross, Church of St. John, Roman Church, ndi Russian Church. Holy Cross Church ndiye malo opumira wolemba nyimbo wamkulu waku Poland Chopin. Pali zipilala zazitali kwambiri, zifanizo kapena zoponyera mumzinda. Chifaniziro chamkuwa chamtsinje wamtsinje wa Vistula sichizindikiro cha Warsaw chokha, komanso chizindikiro cha kulimba mtima komanso kusasunthika kwa anthu aku Poland. Chifaniziro chamkuwa cha Chopin ku Lazienki Park chili pafupi ndi kasupe wamkulu. Ziboliboli za Kirinsky, mtsogoleri wachipwirikiti cha Epulo ku Warsaw, ndi zifanizo za Prince Poniadowski onse anali amisili. Likulu la Warsaw People's August Uprising, lomwe likuyimira miyambo yosintha, komanso malo obadwira Dzerzhinsky pakupanga Republic of Poland, alinso mumzinda wakale. Nyumba ya katswiri wodziwika bwino wapadziko lonse lapansi komanso wotulukira radium, malo obadwirako a Madame Curie, komanso nyumba yakale ya Chopin yasandulika malo owonetsera zakale.