I-Belarus, igama elipheleleyo leRiphabhlikhi yaseBelarus, inommandla weekhilomitha ezingama-207,600. Ime kumathafa aseMpuma Yurophu, ngakwimida yeRussian Federation empuma nasemantla, eUkraine emazantsi nasePoland, eLithuania naseLatvia ngasentshona. Lilizwe elingenamhlaba kwaye elingenako ukuphuma elwandle.Eyona ndlela yokuhamba komhlaba phakathi kweYurophu neAsia. Ibhulorho yoMhlaba ye-Eurasian kunye ne-Moscow-Warsaw International Highway efanayo inqumla loo mmandla. Ke ngoko, inegama "lelizwe lokuhambisa ilizwe". Zininzi iinduli emantla ntshona alo mmandla, kwaye emazantsi mpuma athe tyaba. IBelarus yaziwa njenge "Ilizwe lamaLwandle angamawaka alishumi" .Amachibi ayi-11,000 kunye namachibi amakhulu angama-4 000. Elona Lake likhulu iNarach ligubungela ummandla oziikhilomitha ezingama-79.6.Imilambo ephambili ibandakanya iDnieper, Pripyat kunye neNtshona Jamani. Kukho imilambo engaphezu kwama-20 000 enqumla kwimilambo iWiener, iNeman neSozh. Kuxhomekeka kumgama osuka kuLwandle lweBaltic, zohlulwe zaziindidi ezimbini: Imozulu yelizwekazi kunye nemozulu yolwandle.

Kwimbali, amaBelarusian ayelisebe lamaSlav aseMpuma. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-9, amaRashiya kunye neeUkraine zahlangana eKievan Rus zaza zabeka ubukhosi basePolotsk naseTurov-Pinsk. Ukususela nge-13 ukuya kwinkulungwane ye-14, ummandla wayo wawungoweGrand Duchy yaseLithuania. Ukusukela ngo-1569, bobukumkani basePoland naseLithuania. Ifakwe kwi-Tsarist Russia ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-18. Amandla eSoviet amiselwa ngo-Novemba ngo-1917. Ukusukela ngoFebruwari ukuya ku-Novemba ka-1918, uninzi lwommandla waseBelarus wawuhlala ngemikhosi yaseJamani. NgoJanuwari 1, 1919, yayekwa i-Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic. Ujoyine iSoviet Union njengelizwe eliqala ngo-Disemba 3, 1922. I-Belarus yayihlaliswe yimikhosi yamaJamani yama-fascist ngo-1941, kwaye umkhosi waseSoviet wakhulula iBelarus ngoJuni 1944. Ukusukela ngo-1945, iBelarus yaba lelinye lamazwe amathathu angamalungu eSoviet Union ajoyina iZizwe eziManyeneyo. NgoJulayi 27, 1990, iSoviet Ephakamileyo yaseBelarus yapasisa "iSibhengezo soBukhosi", kwaye nge-25 ka-Agasti 1991, iBelarus yabhengeza inkululeko. Nge-19 kaDisemba yonyaka ofanayo, eli lizwe labizwa ngokuba yiRiphabhlikhi yaseBelarus.

Iflegi yesizwe: Ngxande oxwesileyo enomlinganiso wobude kububanzi obumalunga ne-2: 1. Inxalenye ephezulu bubuso obomvu obubanzi, icandelo elisezantsi ngumtya omncinci oluhlaza, kunye nomtya omileyo onepateni ebomvu nebomhlophe yobuhlanga kufutshane neflegi. I-Belarus yaba yiriphabliki yelizwe elalisakuba yiSoviet Union ngo-1922. Ukusukela ngo-1951, iflegi yelizwe eyamkelweyo yile: icala lasekhohlo libomvu kwaye limhlophe imigca ethe nkqo; icala eliphezulu lasekunene libomvu ngenkwenkwezi etyheli, irhengqa kunye nesando. Ii-noodle ezibanzi, isiqingatha esisezantsi sisiqwengana esiluhlaza esimxinwa. Kwabhengezwa inkululeko ngo-1991.Iflegi yelizwe enemibala emithathu eneexande ezilinganayo ezintathu ezimhlophe, ezibomvu namhlophe ukusuka phezulu kuye ezantsi kwamkelwa kuqala, emva koko kwasetyenziswa iflegi yesizwe ekhankanywe apha ngasentla.

I-Belarus inabemi abangama-9,898,600 (ukusukela ngoJanuwari 2003). Kukho amaqela eentlanga angaphezu kwe-100, apho ama-Belarusian enza i-81.2%, amaRashiya ali-11.4%, amaPolish ama-3.9%, ama-Ukraine ama-2.4%, amaJuda ayi-0.3%, kwaye ezinye izizwe ziyi-0.8%. Iilwimi ezisemthethweni ziBelarusian kunye neRussia. Ngokuyintloko bakholelwa kwiCawa yamaOthodoki, kwaye ezinye iindawo ezikumantla ntshona zikholelwa kubuKatolika nakumahlelo adibeneyo obuOthodoki nobuKatolika.

I-Belarus inesiseko esihle semizi-mveliso, esivelise oomatshini bokuvelisa, i-elektroniki, unxibelelwano, ukuvelisa izixhobo, isinyithi, ipetroli, imveliso yokukhanya kunye nemizi-mveliso yokutya; kwi-laser, i-physics yenyukliya, amandla enyukliya, isinyithi somgubo, i-optics, isoftware, Ukomelela kophando lwenzululwazi kwi-microelectronics, kwi-nanotechnology nakwi-biotechnology. Ezolimo kunye nemfuyo ziphuhlisiwe, kwaye imveliso yeetapile, isweets kunye neflakisi zezinye zezinto eziphambili kumazwe e-CIS. Uqoqosho lwaseBelarusian lukhokele phakathi kwamazwe e-CIS ukuze abuyele kwakhona kwaye adlule kwinqanaba lalisakuba yiSoviet Union. I-GDP yaseBelarus ngo-2004 yayiyi-22.891 yezigidigidi zeedola zase-US, ukonyuka kwe-17% ngaphezulu kwe-1991 kunye nokunyuka kwe-77% ngaphezulu kwe-1995 xa uqoqosho lwalubuya. Ngo-2005, i-GDP yaseBelarus yakhula nge-9.2% ngonyaka-ngonyaka.

IMinsk: IMinsk (Minsk) ibekwe kuMlambo iSvisloch, umjelo woMlambo iDnieper ongasentla, emazantsi enduli zaseBelarus, enendawo emalunga ne-159 yeekhilomitha zesikwere kunye nabemi be-1.5 yezigidi.

IMinsk ayisiyiyo kuphela indawo yezopolitiko yase-Belarus, kodwa ikwindawo ebalulekileyo yezothutho. Ibihleli iziko lezorhwebo elidibanisa unxweme loLwandle lweBaltic, iMoscow, iKazan kunye nezinye izixeko, kwaye yaziwa njenge "dolophu yezorhwebo". Emva kokuba ibe yindawo yokuhlangana phakathi kweMoscow kunye neBrest kunye neLipavo kunye neRomank oololiwe kwi-1870s, urhwebo kunye nemisebenzi yezandla yaphuhliswa kakhulu. Emva kweMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi, iMinsk yaba liziko elibalulekileyo lezorhwebo eBelarus, elinamashishini amakhulu kubandakanya imveliso yoomatshini, ishishini lokukhanya kunye nomzi mveliso wokutya. Indawo esembindini yaseMinsk sisithili solawulo nenkcubeko.Kukho iBelarusian Academy yeSayensi, iYunivesithi yaseBelarusian, iMyuziyam yezeMbali kunye neTopography, iSikhumbuzo seNkongolo yokuqala yeRussian Social Democratic Labor Party, iSikhumbuzo seMfazwe ePhambili yePatriotic, kunye neMyuziyam yobuGcisa. Yima.