IBelarus, igama eligcwele leRiphabhlikhi yaseBelarus, inendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-207,600. Itholakala e-Eastern Europe Plain, neRussian Federation empumalanga nasenyakatho, e-Ukraine ngaseningizimu, nasePoland, eLithuania naseLatvia entshonalanga. Yizwe elikhiyelwe ngaphandle kokungena olwandle.Kuyindlela kuphela yokuhamba komhlaba phakathi kweYurophu neAsia. I-Eurasian Land Bridge kanye nomgwaqo ofanayo iMoscow-Warsaw International Highway unqamula le ndawo. Ngakho-ke, inedumela "lezwe lezokuthutha izwe". Kunamagquma amaningi enyakatho-ntshonalanga yale ndawo, kanti eningizimu-mpumalanga icabalele. IBelarus yaziwa ngokuthi "Izwe Lamachibi Ayizinkulungwane Eziyishumi". Kunamachibi ayi-11 000 namachibi amakhulu angaba ngu-4 000. ILake Narach enkulu kunazo zonke ihlanganisa indawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-79.6. Imifula emikhulu ihlanganisa iDnieper, Pripyat neWest Germany. Kunemifula engaphezu kuka-20 000 enqamula emfuleni i-Wiener, iNeman, neSozh. Ngokuya ngebanga ukusuka oLwandle iBaltic, zihlukaniswe zaba izinhlobo ezimbili: isimo sezulu sezwekazi nesimo sezulu sasolwandle.

Emlandweni, abaseBelarus babeyigatsha lamaSlav aseMpumalanga. Ekupheleni kwekhulu lesi-9, abaseRussia nabase-Ukraine bahlangana baba seKievan Rus futhi basungula ubukhosi obusePolotsk naseTurov-Pinsk. Kusukela ngekhulu le-13 kuya kwele-14, insimu yalo kwakungekaGrand Duchy waseLithuania. Kusukela ngo-1569, kungokombuso wasePoland naseLithuania. Ihlanganiswe neRussia yaseTsarist ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18. Amandla eSoviet asungulwa ngoNovemba 1917. Kusukela ngoFebhuwari kuya kuNovemba 1918, iningi lendawo yaseBelarus lalihlala amabutho amaJalimane. NgoJanuwari 1, 1919, kwasungulwa i-Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic. Ujoyine iSoviet Union njengezwe elisungula ngoDisemba 3, 1922. IBelarus yayiphethwe ngamabutho amaFascist aseJalimane ngo-1941, futhi ibutho laseSoviet lakhulula iBelarus ngoJuni 1944. Kusukela ngo-1945, iBelarus ibe ngelinye lamazwe amathathu angamalungu eSoviet Union ajoyina iZizwe Ezihlangene. NgoJulayi 27, 1990, iSupreme Soviet yaseBelarus yadlulisa "Isimemezelo Sobukhosi", kwathi ngo-Agasti 25, 1991, iBelarus yamemezela inkululeko. NgoDisemba 19 wonyaka ofanayo, izwe laqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi yiRiphabhlikhi yaseBelarus.

Ifulegi likazwelonke: Ngunxande ovundlile onesilinganiso sobude nobubanzi obucishe bube ngu-2: 1. Ingxenye engenhla inobuso obubanzi obubomvu, ingxenye engezansi ingumugqa omncane oluhlaza okotshani, nomugqa oqondile onamaphethini obomvu nomhlophe wobuzwe eduze kwefulegi. IBelarus yaba yiriphabhuliki yezwe elaliyiSoviet Union ngo-1922. Kusukela ngo-1951, ifulegi likazwelonke elamukelwe yileli: uhlangothi lwesobunxele yimivimbo emile ebomvu nemhlophe, ingxenye ephezulu yohlangothi lwesokudla ibomvu ngenkanyezi ephuzi emihlanu ekhonjiwe, isikela nesando. Ama-noodle abanzi, uhhafu ongezansi uwumucu omncane oluhlaza. Ngo-1991 kwamenyezelwa inkululeko.Ifulegi lesizwe elinemibala emithathu eliqukethe onxande abathathu abavundlile abaqondile abamhlophe, ababomvu nabamhlophe ukusuka phezulu kuye ezansi kwaqala kwamukelwa, kwase kusetshenziswa ifulegi lesizwe elishiwo ngenhla.

IBelarus inabantu abangu-9,898,600 (kusukela ngoJanuwari 2003). Kunezinhlanga ezingaphezu kwe-100, lapho amaBelarus ahlanganisa ama-81.2%, amaRussia ayi-11.4%, amaPoland angama-3.9%, ama-Ukraine angama-2.4%, amaJuda angama-0.3%, nezinye izinhlanga ngo-0.8%. Izilimi ezisemthethweni isiBelarusian nesiRussia. Ngokuyinhloko bakholelwa eSontweni Lobu-Orthodox, futhi ezinye izindawo ezisenyakatho-ntshonalanga zikholelwa ebuKristwini nakumahlelo ahlanganisiwe obu-Orthodox nobuKatolika.

IBelarus inesisekelo esihle sezimboni, lapho kwenziwa khona imishini, i-elekthronikhi, ukuxhumana, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi, insimbi, ugesi, izimboni ezikhanyayo nezimboni zokudla; ​​ku-laser, i-physics yenuzi, amandla enuzi, i-powder metallurgy, i-optics, isoftware, Amandla amakhulu ocwaningo lwesayensi ku-microelectronics, nanotechnology kanye ne-biotechnology. Ezolimo nokufuya kuthuthukiswa kancane, futhi ukukhishwa kwamazambane, ushukela wezinyosi nefilakisi kuphakathi kwamazwe aseCIS. Umnotho waseBelarus wahola phakathi kwamazwe e-CIS ukuze usimame futhi weqe izinga lalapho kwakunguSoviet Union. I-GDP yaseBelarus ngo-2004 yayiyizigidigidi ezingama-22.891 zamadola aseMelika, ukwanda ngo-17% ngaphezu kuka-1991 nokwenyuka ngama-77% ngaphezu kuka-1995 lapho umnotho usimama. Ngo-2005, i-GDP yaseBelarus yakhula ngo-9.2% unyaka nonyaka.

IMinsk: IMinsk (iMinsk) itholakala eMfuleni iSvisloch, umfudlana ongaphezulu koMfula iDnieper, eningizimu namagquma aseBelarus, onendawo engaba amakhilomitha-skwele ayi-159 kanye nenani labantu abayizigidi eziyi-1.5.

IMinsk ayisona isikhungo sezepolitiki kuphela saseBelarus, kepha futhi iyindawo ebalulekile yokuhamba. Bekulokhu kuyisikhungo sokuhweba esixhuma ugu lwaseBaltic Sea, eMoscow, eKazan nakwamanye amadolobha, futhi saziwa ngokuthi "idolobha lokuhweba". Ngemuva kokuthi kube yindawo yokuhlangana phakathi kukaMoscow neBrest kanye neLipavo kanye nojantshi baseRomank ngawo-1870, ezentengiselwano nemisebenzi yezandla yathuthuka kakhulu. Ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili, iMinsk yaba yisikhungo sezimboni esibalulekile eBelarus, nezimboni ezinkulu kubandakanya ukukhiqizwa kwemishini, imboni elula kanye nemboni yokudla.

Indawo emaphakathi neMinsk yisifunda sokuphatha namasiko.Kukhona iBelarusian Academy of Sciences, Belarusian University, Museum of History and Topography, iSikhumbuzo seFirst Congress yeRussia Social Democratic Labor Party, iSikhumbuzo seGreat Patriotic War, kanye ne-Art Museum. Linda.