Spain ili ndi malo a 505925 ma kilomita. Ili ku Iberian Peninsula kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Europe. Imadutsa Bay of Biscay kumpoto, Portugal kumadzulo, Morocco ku Africa kudutsa Mtsinje wa Gibraltar kumwera, France ndi Andorra kumpoto chakum'mawa, ndi Nyanja ya Mediterranean kum'mawa ndi kumwera chakum'mawa. Mphepete mwa nyanja ndi pafupifupi makilomita 7,800 kutalika. Gawoli ndi lamapiri ndipo ndi amodzi mwamayiko okwera mapiri ku Europe. 35% yadzikoli ili pamwamba pa 1,000 mita pamwamba pa nyanja, ndipo zigwa zimangokhala 11% yokha. Mapiri akulu ndi Cantabrian, Pyrenees ndi zina zotero. Mulasan Peak kumwera ndi 3,478 mita pamwamba pa nyanja, yomwe ndiyipamwamba kwambiri mdzikolo. Chigawo chapakati chimakhala ndi nyengo yanthawi zonse, magombe akumpoto ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo amakhala ndi nyengo yotentha yam'madzi, ndipo kumwera ndi kumwera chakum'mawa kuli nyengo yozizira ya Mediterranean.

Dzikoli lagawidwa zigawo 17 zodziyimira pawokha, zigawo 50, komanso ma municipalities opitilira 8,000. Madera 17 odziyimira pawokha ndi: Andalusia, Aragon, Asturias, Balearic, Dziko la Basque, Canary, Cantabria, Castile-León, Castile -La Mancha, Catalonia, Extremadura, Galicia, Madrid, Murcia, Navarre, La Rioja ndi Valencia.

Aselote anasamuka ku Central Europe mchaka cha 9th BC. Kuyambira m'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chitatu BC, chilumba cha Iberia chakhala chikuwukiridwa motsatizana ndi alendo ndipo kwakhala kukulamuliridwa ndi Aroma, Visigoths ndi Moor. Anthu aku Spain adalimbana kwanthawi yayitali motsutsana ndi nkhanza zakunja.Mu 1492, adapambana gulu la "Recovery Movement" ndikukhazikitsa ufumu woyamba wogwirizana ku Europe. Mu Okutobala chaka chomwecho, Columbus adapeza West Indies. Kuchokera nthawi imeneyo, dziko la Spain pang'onopang'ono lakhala lamphamvu kwambiri panyanja, pomwe pali mayiko ena ku Europe, United States, Africa ndi Asia. Mu 1588, "Invincible Fleet" idagonjetsedwa ndi Britain ndipo idayamba kuchepa. Mu 1873, kusintha kwa bourgeois kudayambika ndipo Republic Yoyamba idakhazikitsidwa. Mafumu adabwezeretsedwa mu Disembala 1874. Mu Nkhondo yaku Western-America ya 1898, idagonjetsedwa ndi omwe akutuluka, United States, ndipo idataya madera ochepa omaliza ku America ndi Asia-Pacific-Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam ndi Philippines.

Spain sinatenge nawo gawo pankhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse. Mafumu adagonjetsedwa mu Epulo 1931 ndipo Second Republic idakhazikitsidwa. Mu Julayi chaka chomwecho, Franco adayamba kuwukira, ndipo pambuyo pa zaka zitatu za nkhondo yapachiweniweni, adalanda ulamuliro mu Epulo 1939. Mu February 1943, idachita mgwirizano wankhondo ndi Germany ndipo idatenga nawo gawo pankhondo yolimbana ndi Soviet Union. Mu Julayi 1947, Franco adalengeza Spain ngati ufumu, ndipo adadzisankhira kukhala mutu waboma kwamuyaya. Mu Julayi 1966, a Juan Carlos, mdzukulu wa mfumu yomaliza Alfonso XIII, adasankhidwa kukhala wolowa m'malo mwake. Mu Novembala 1975, Franco adamwalira ndi matenda ndipo Juan Carlos I adakhala pampando wachifumu ndikubwezeretsa ufumu. Mu Julayi 1976, mfumu idasankha A-Suarez, mlembi wamkulu wakale wa National Movement, kukhala Prime Minister ndikuyamba kusintha kupita ku demokalase yaku Western Western.

Mbendera yadziko: Ndi yaying'ono yamakona anayi ndi kutalika kwa kutalika kwake kwa 3: 2. Pamwamba pa mbendera pamakhala timakona tating'onoting'ono tofananira tating'ono tating'onoting'ono. Mbali zakumtunda ndi zotsikirako ndizofiira, chilichonse chimakhala ndi 1/4 cha mbendera; pakati ndichikasu. Chizindikiro cha dziko la Spain chidalembedwa kumanzere kwa gawo lachikaso. Ofiira ndi achikasu ndi mitundu yamtundu wokondedwa ndi anthu aku Spain ndipo imayimira maufumu anayi akale omwe amapanga Spain.

Spain ili ndi anthu 42.717 miliyoni (2003). Makamaka ma Castilians (mwachitsanzo Spaniards), mitundu yaying'ono ikuphatikiza ma Catalans, Basques ndi Galician. Chilankhulo chachikulu ndi chilankhulo chamtunduwu ndi Chikasitili, kutanthauza Spanish. Ziyankhulo zazing'ono zilinso zilankhulo zovomerezeka mderali. Anthu 96% amakhulupirira Chikatolika.

Spain ndi dziko lotukuka lotukuka lotukuka. Ndalama zonse zapakhomo mu 2006 zinali US $ 1081.229 biliyoni, ndikukhala wachisanu ndi chiwiri padziko lapansi, wokhala ndi US $ 26,763. Chigawo chonse cha nkhalango ndi mahekitala 1179.2. Gawo lalikulu la mafakitale limaphatikizapo zomangamanga, zitsulo, magalimoto, simenti, migodi, zomangamanga, nsalu, mankhwala, zikopa, magetsi ndi mafakitale ena. Makampani othandizira ndi nsanamira yofunika kwambiri pachuma chakumadzulo, kuphatikiza chikhalidwe ndi maphunziro, zaumoyo, zamalonda, zokopa alendo, kafukufuku wasayansi, inshuwaransi yachitukuko, mayendedwe, ndi ndalama, zomwe zokopa alendo ndi zachuma zimapangidwa kwambiri. Ntchito zokopa alendo ndizofunikira kwambiri zachuma chakumadzulo komanso chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zopezera ndalama zakunja. Malo okaona malo okaona alendo ndi monga Madrid, Barcelona, ​​Seville, Costa del Sol, Costa del Sol, ndi ena.

Chosangalatsa: Dzinalo la Chikondwerero cha Bullfighting Festival ku Spain ndi "San Fermin". San Fermin ndi Pamplona, ​​likulu la chigawo cholemera cha Navarre kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Spain. Oyera oyera amzindawu. Chiyambi cha chikondwererochi cholimbana ndi ng'ombe chimakhudzana mwachindunji ndi chikhalidwe chomenyera ng'ombe ku Spain. Zimanenedwa kuti zinali zovuta kwambiri kuti anthu a Pamplona ayendetse ng'ombe zamphongo zisanu ndi chimodzi zazitali kuchokera kumphasa zakunja kwa mzindawo kupita nazo kunkhondoko mumzinda. M'zaka za zana la 17, ena omwe adayang'ana pafupi adalakalaka ndipo adalimba mtima kuthamangira ng'ombeyo, kukwiya nayo ng'ombeyo ndikuyinyamula kuti ifike. Pambuyo pake, chizolowezi ichi chidasandulika kukhala chikondwerero cha ng'ombe. Mu 1923, wolemba wotchuka waku America a Hemingway adabwera ku Pamplona kudzawona ng'ombe ikuyenda koyamba ndipo adalemba buku lotchuka "Dzuwa Limatulukanso". Hemingway atapambana mphotho ya Nobel mu Literature mu 1954, Spanish Bull Riding Festival idatchuka kwambiri. Pofuna kuthokoza a Hemingway chifukwa chothandizira pa Kuthamanga kwa Ng'ombe, nzika zakomweko zidamupangira chifanizo pachipata cha ng'ombe.

Madrid: Likulu la Spain, Madrid, ndi mzinda wodziwika bwino ku Europe. Ili pakatikati pa Iberian Peninsula, pa Meseta Plateau, pamtunda wa 670 metres, ndiye likulu lalikulu kwambiri ku Europe. Zisanafike zaka khumi ndi chimodzi, inali malo achitetezo kwa a Moor, ndipo amatchedwa "Magilit" nthawi zakale. Mfumu Philip Wachiwiri waku Spain adasamutsira likulu lake kuno mu 1561. Unakhala mzinda waukulu m'zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi. Panthawi ya Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni yaku Spain kuyambira 1936 mpaka 1939, chitetezo chotchuka cha Madrid chidamenyedwera kuno.

Nyumba zamakono zamakono mumzinda ndi nyumba zakale zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zimayandikana ndikuwala wina ndi mnzake. Mitengo, kapinga, ndi mitundu yonse ya akasupe apadera komanso kasupe wokhala ndi chifanizo cha Nibelai, mulungu wamkazi wachilengedwe wolemekezedwa ndi anthu akale aku Asia Minor, ndizosangalatsa kwambiri. Porta Alcala yokongola ili pa Independence Square mumsewu wa Alcala. Ili ndi zipilala zisanu ndipo ndi amodzi mwa nyumba zakale zodziwika bwino ku Madrid. Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Education ndi mabanki akuluakulu aku Spain ali mbali zonse za Alcala Avenue. Royal Academy of Fine Arts, yomangidwa mu 1752, imakhala ndiukadaulo waluso ndi akatswiri ojambula aku Spain monga Murillo ndi Goya. Chipilala chachikulu cha Cervantes chili pa Plaza de España. Pali ziboliboli za Don Quixote ndi Sanco Panza kutsogolo kwa chipilalacho. Thupi lalikulu la chipilalacho limawonekera padziwe lomwe lili kutsogolo, ndi mitengo yobiriwira mbali zonse za chipilalacho; Nyumba yayikulu yaku Spain yotchedwa "Madrid Tower" ili kumbali ya bwaloli.

Barcelona: Barcelona ndiye likulu la dera lodziyimira palokha la Catalonia kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Spain. Imadutsa France kumpoto ndi Nyanja ya Mediterranean kumwera chakum'mawa. Ndilo doko lachiwiri lalikulu ku Mediterranean komanso doko lachiwiri lalikulu ku Spain pambuyo pa Madrid. mzinda wachiwiri waukulu kwambiri.

Barcelona ili ndi chikhalidwe, chilengedwe, Mediterranean komanso nyengo yozizira. Barcelona ili m'chigwa chotsetsereka pang'ono cha mapiri a Corricerolla. Chigwa ichi chimatsika pang'onopang'ono kupita kunyanja kuchokera kumapiri a Korizerola, ndikupanga malo osangalatsa. Ili pakati pa mapiri awiri a Tibi Babel ndi Montjuic, kuphatikiza pakusunga mzinda wakale ku Middle Ages mbali imodzi, mzinda watsopano wokhala ndi nyumba zamakono mbali inayo umatchedwa dera la Gothic. Pakati pa Plaza Catalunya, ndi tchalitchi chachikulu monga likulu, pali nyumba zambiri za Gothic, ndipo Las Ramblas ndiosangalatsa kwambiri. Malo odyera panja ndi malo ogulitsira maluwa amakhala ndi mitengo, ndipo pali amuna ndi akazi ambiri omwe amabwera kudzayenda madzulo. Ntchito yomanga tawuni yatsopanoyi idayamba m'zaka za zana la 19, ndipo nyumba zamakono zokonzedwa bwino ndi chizindikiro cha malowa.

Sagrada Familia ndi nyumba yodziwika bwino ku Barcelona komanso luso la Gaudí. Mpingowu unamangidwa mchaka cha 1882, koma sunamalizidwe chifukwa cha mavuto azachuma. Awa ndi nyumba yovuta kwambiri. Anthu ena amapenga za iye, ndipo ena amati ma minaret anayi akutali ngati mabisiketi anayi. Komabe, anthu aku Barcelona adazindikira nyumbayo ndipo adasankha kumugwiritsa ntchito kuyimira chithunzi chawo.